Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2164457608', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.20015', 'title': 'Evidence of active microglia in substantia nigra pars compacta of parkinsonian monkeys 1 year after MPTP exposure', 'display_name': 'Evidence of active microglia in substantia nigra pars compacta of parkinsonian monkeys 1 year after MPTP exposure', 'publication_year': 2004, 'publication_date': '2004-03-10', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2164457608', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.20015', 'mag': '2164457608', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15095370'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.20015', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S147407642', 'display_name': 'Glia', 'issn_l': '0894-1491', 'issn': ['0894-1491', '1098-1136'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5064169486', 'display_name': 'Carlos Barcia', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0976-4245'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I80180929', 'display_name': 'Universidad de Murcia', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03p3aeb86', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I80180929']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Carlos Barcia', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Experimental Neurology and Neurosurgery Group, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Experimental Neurology and Neurosurgery Group, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I80180929']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5021523894', 'display_name': 'Angel Sánchez Bahillo', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I80180929', 'display_name': 'Universidad de Murcia', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03p3aeb86', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I80180929']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Angel Sánchez Bahillo', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Experimental Neurology and Neurosurgery Group, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Experimental Neurology and Neurosurgery Group, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I80180929']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5065614635', 'display_name': 'Emiliano Fernández‐Villalba', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0726-671X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I80180929', 'display_name': 'Universidad de Murcia', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03p3aeb86', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I80180929']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Emiliano Fernández‐Villalba', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Experimental Neurology and Neurosurgery Group, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Experimental Neurology and Neurosurgery Group, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I80180929']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5065801967', 'display_name': 'Víctor Bautista‐Hernández', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0379-1712'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I80180929', 'display_name': 'Universidad de Murcia', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03p3aeb86', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I80180929']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Víctor Bautista', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Experimental Neurology and Neurosurgery Group, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Experimental Neurology and Neurosurgery Group, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I80180929']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5109327427', 'display_name': 'M. Poza', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I80180929', 'display_name': 'Universidad de Murcia', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03p3aeb86', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I80180929']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Máximo Poza Y Poza', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Experimental Neurology and Neurosurgery Group, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Experimental Neurology and Neurosurgery Group, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I80180929']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5110413935', 'display_name': 'A Fernández-Barreiro', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I80180929', 'display_name': 'Universidad de Murcia', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03p3aeb86', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I80180929']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Andrés Fernández‐Barreiro', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Experimental Neurology and Neurosurgery Group, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Experimental Neurology and Neurosurgery Group, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I80180929']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5067769815', 'display_name': 'Étienne C. Hirsch', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4823-276X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I154526488', 'display_name': 'Inserm', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02vjkv261', 'country_code': 'FR', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I154526488']}], 'countries': ['FR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Etienne C. Hirsch', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['INSERM U 289, Experimental Neurology and Therapeutics, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'INSERM U 289, Experimental Neurology and Therapeutics, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I154526488']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5064422094', 'display_name': 'María Trinidad Herrero', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4953-1446'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I80180929', 'display_name': 'Universidad de Murcia', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03p3aeb86', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I80180929']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'María‐Trinidad Herrero', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Experimental Neurology and Neurosurgery Group, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Experimental Neurology and Neurosurgery Group, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I80180929']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5064169486'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I80180929'], 'apc_list': {'value': 4940, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 4940, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 8.431, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 204, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999843, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '46', 'issue': '4', 'first_page': '402', 'last_page': '409'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10085', 'display_name': "Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments", 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2728', 'display_name': 'Neurology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10085', 'display_name': "Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments", 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2728', 'display_name': 'Neurology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11266', 'display_name': 'Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms', 'score': 0.9983, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2808', 'display_name': 'Neurology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13481', 'display_name': 'Neurological diseases and metabolism', 'score': 0.9952, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2808', 'display_name': 'Neurology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/mptp', 'display_name': 'MPTP', 'score': 0.96934515}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/pars-compacta', 'display_name': 'Pars compacta', 'score': 0.9559874}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778674702', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q239816', 'display_name': 'MPTP', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.96934515}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776773494', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3366041', 'display_name': 'Pars compacta', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.9559874}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780938664', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753278', 'display_name': 'Substantia nigra', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.95193934}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776925932', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1755122', 'display_name': 'Neurodegeneration', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8881283}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779830541', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1622829', 'display_name': 'Microglia', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.65726006}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780062018', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1319792', 'display_name': 'Striatum', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6329083}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169760540', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.59717846}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5143665}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779734285', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11085', 'display_name': "Parkinson's disease", 'level': 3, 'score': 0.45936412}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142724271', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208', 'display_name': 'Pathology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.27625388}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.23123154}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779134260', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136', 'display_name': 'Disease', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.22500876}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C513476851', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170304', 'display_name': 'Dopamine', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.17257753}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C203014093', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929', 'display_name': 'Immunology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.14408743}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776914184', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991', 'display_name': 'Inflammation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.1051234}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C137183658', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461076', 'display_name': 'Dopaminergic', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.050775528}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D005911', 'descriptor_name': 'Gliosis', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D017628', 'descriptor_name': 'Microglia', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020734', 'descriptor_name': 'Parkinsonian Disorders', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013378', 'descriptor_name': 'Substantia Nigra', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015632', 'descriptor_name': '1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001253', 'descriptor_name': 'Astrocytes', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001253', 'descriptor_name': 'Astrocytes', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000166', 'qualifier_name': 'cytology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001253', 'descriptor_name': 'Astrocytes', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015415', 'descriptor_name': 'Biomarkers', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D064026', 'descriptor_name': 'Calbindins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003342', 'descriptor_name': 'Corpus Striatum', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003342', 'descriptor_name': 'Corpus Striatum', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003342', 'descriptor_name': 'Corpus Striatum', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003342', 'descriptor_name': 'Corpus Striatum', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004195', 'descriptor_name': 'Disease Models, Animal', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004298', 'descriptor_name': 'Dopamine', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004298', 'descriptor_name': 'Dopamine', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004660', 'descriptor_name': 'Encephalitis', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004660', 'descriptor_name': 'Encephalitis', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004660', 'descriptor_name': 'Encephalitis', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000139', 'qualifier_name': 'chemically induced', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004660', 'descriptor_name': 'Encephalitis', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005904', 'descriptor_name': 'Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005904', 'descriptor_name': 'Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005911', 'descriptor_name': 'Gliosis', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000139', 'qualifier_name': 'chemically induced', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005911', 'descriptor_name': 'Gliosis', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005911', 'descriptor_name': 'Gliosis', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006684', 'descriptor_name': 'HLA-DR Antigens', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006684', 'descriptor_name': 'HLA-DR Antigens', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007150', 'descriptor_name': 'Immunohistochemistry', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008252', 'descriptor_name': 'Macaca fascicularis', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D017628', 'descriptor_name': 'Microglia', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D017628', 'descriptor_name': 'Microglia', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009410', 'descriptor_name': 'Nerve Degeneration', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009410', 'descriptor_name': 'Nerve Degeneration', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000139', 'qualifier_name': 'chemically induced', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009410', 'descriptor_name': 'Nerve Degeneration', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009410', 'descriptor_name': 'Nerve Degeneration', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020734', 'descriptor_name': 'Parkinsonian Disorders', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020734', 'descriptor_name': 'Parkinsonian Disorders', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020734', 'descriptor_name': 'Parkinsonian Disorders', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000139', 'qualifier_name': 'chemically induced', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D064030', 'descriptor_name': 'S100 Calcium Binding Protein G', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D064030', 'descriptor_name': 'S100 Calcium Binding Protein G', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013378', 'descriptor_name': 'Substantia Nigra', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013378', 'descriptor_name': 'Substantia Nigra', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013378', 'descriptor_name': 'Substantia Nigra', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013995', 'descriptor_name': 'Time', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014446', 'descriptor_name': 'Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014446', 'descriptor_name': 'Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.20015', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S147407642', 'display_name': 'Glia', 'issn_l': '0894-1491', 'issn': ['0894-1491', '1098-1136'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15095370', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.84, 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3'}], 'grants': [{'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320310087', 'funder_display_name': 'Fundación Séneca', 'award_id': 'PI-38/00876/FS/01'}, {'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320323737', 'funder_display_name': 'Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología', 'award_id': 'SAF 2001-0479'}], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 32, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1490899177', 'https://openalex.org/W1530199299', 'https://openalex.org/W1545110321', 'https://openalex.org/W1554082519', 'https://openalex.org/W1577637371', 'https://openalex.org/W1900066504', 'https://openalex.org/W1973517037', 'https://openalex.org/W1974924674', 'https://openalex.org/W1975580026', 'https://openalex.org/W1979629367', 'https://openalex.org/W1979965013', 'https://openalex.org/W1994102729', 'https://openalex.org/W2002665635', 'https://openalex.org/W2006191770', 'https://openalex.org/W2008168871', 'https://openalex.org/W2026547228', 'https://openalex.org/W2029641205', 'https://openalex.org/W2039682406', 'https://openalex.org/W2042630261', 'https://openalex.org/W2043676089', 'https://openalex.org/W2047281885', 'https://openalex.org/W2053184316', 'https://openalex.org/W2063893203', 'https://openalex.org/W2065700794', 'https://openalex.org/W2070238106', 'https://openalex.org/W2075527716', 'https://openalex.org/W2089518139', 'https://openalex.org/W2106875648', 'https://openalex.org/W2110618076', 'https://openalex.org/W2120812632', 'https://openalex.org/W4294309387', 'https://openalex.org/W50122120'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4248431072', 'https://openalex.org/W3049065873', 'https://openalex.org/W3032165389', 'https://openalex.org/W2884144427', 'https://openalex.org/W2359931691', 'https://openalex.org/W2178039548', 'https://openalex.org/W2090181211', 'https://openalex.org/W2035149159', 'https://openalex.org/W2018460396', 'https://openalex.org/W154169386'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract': [0], 'Inflammatory': [1], 'changes': [2, 32], 'have': [3, 43], 'been': [4], 'found': [5], 'in': [6, 9, 18, 57, 94, 99, 109], "Parkinson's": [7], 'disease,': [8], 'humans': [10], 'intoxicated': [11], 'with': [12, 138], 'the': [13, 22, 54, 58, 65, 81, 85, 95, 100, 110, 123, 126, 133], 'parkinsonian': [14], 'toxin': [15], 'MPTP,': [16], 'and': [17, 64, 90, 131], 'animal': [19], 'models': [20], 'of': [21, 67, 87, 102, 125], 'disease.': [23], 'However,': [24], 'it': [25], 'is': [26, 136], 'still': [27, 120], 'not': [28, 98], 'known': [29], 'whether': [30], 'inflammatory': [31], 'are': [33], 'responsible': [34], 'for': [35], 'active': [36, 121], 'nerve': [37], 'cell': [38, 129], 'death': [39, 130], 'or': [40], 'if': [41], 'they': [42], 'a': [44], 'protective': [45], 'role': [46], 'against': [47], 'neurodegeneration.': [48, 140], 'In': [49], 'this': [50], 'study,': [51], 'we': [52], 'analyzed': [53], 'glial': [55, 134], 'reaction': [56, 135], 'substantia': [59], 'nigra': [60], 'pars': [61], 'compacta': [62], '(SNpc)': [63], 'striatum': [66], 'monkeys': [68], 'rendered': [69], 'parkinsosian': [70], 'by': [71], 'chronic': [72], 'MPTP': [73, 83], 'injections.': [74], 'At': [75], 'postmortem': [76], 'examination': [77], '1': [78], 'year': [79], 'after': [80], 'last': [82], 'injection,': [84], 'density': [86], 'astroglial': [88], 'cells': [89, 93], 'activated': [91], 'microglial': [92], 'SNpc,': [96], 'but': [97], 'striatum,': [101], 'MPTP‐intoxicated': [103], 'animals': [104], 'was': [105, 119], 'significantly': [106], 'higher': [107], 'than': [108], 'two': [111], 'control': [112], 'animals.': [113], 'These': [114], 'data': [115], 'suggest': [116], 'that': [117, 132], 'neurodegeneration': [118], 'despite': [122], 'absence': [124], 'agent': [127], 'triggering': [128], 'associated': [137], 'long‐term': [139], '©': [141], '2004': [142], 'Wiley‐Liss,': [143], 'Inc.': [144]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2164457608', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 17}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 13}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-14T16:37:46.341912', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}