Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W4255106302', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4636(20001215)52:4<652::aid-jbm9>3.3.co;2-n', 'title': 'The effect of alkali‐ and heat‐treated titanium and apatite‐formed titanium on osteoblastic differentiation of bone marrow cells', 'display_name': 'The effect of alkali‐ and heat‐treated titanium and apatite‐formed titanium on osteoblastic differentiation of bone marrow cells', 'publication_year': 2000, 'publication_date': '2000-12-15', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W4255106302', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4636(20001215)52:4<652::aid-jbm9>3.3.co;2-n'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4636(20001215)52:4<652::aid-jbm9>3.3.co;2-n', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S34814058', 'display_name': 'Journal of Biomedical Materials Research', 'issn_l': '0021-9304', 'issn': ['0021-9304', '1097-4636'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5008572515', 'display_name': 'Ken Nishio', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I22299242', 'display_name': 'Kyoto University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02kpeqv85', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I22299242']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Ken Nishio', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kawahara-cho 54, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kawahara-cho 54, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I22299242']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5000204983', 'display_name': 'Masashi Neo', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9208-6419'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I22299242', 'display_name': 'Kyoto University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02kpeqv85', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I22299242']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Masashi Neo', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kawahara-cho 54, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kawahara-cho 54, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I22299242']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5023404722', 'display_name': 'Haruhiko Akiyama', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5661-9895'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I22299242', 'display_name': 'Kyoto University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02kpeqv85', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I22299242']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Haruhiko Akiyama', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kawahara-cho 54, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kawahara-cho 54, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I22299242']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5104072499', 'display_name': 'Shigeru Nishiguchi', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I22299242', 'display_name': 'Kyoto University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02kpeqv85', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I22299242']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Shigeru Nishiguchi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kawahara-cho 54, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kawahara-cho 54, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I22299242']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5101408344', 'display_name': 'Hyun‐Min Kim', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4728-3621'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I22299242', 'display_name': 'Kyoto University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02kpeqv85', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I22299242']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Hyun‐Min Kim', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Division of Material Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyoto University, Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Division of Material Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyoto University, Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I22299242']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5028295470', 'display_name': 'Tadashi Kokubo', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I22299242', 'display_name': 'Kyoto University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02kpeqv85', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I22299242']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Tadashi Kokubo', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Division of Material Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyoto University, Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Division of Material Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyoto University, Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I22299242']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5006892153', 'display_name': 'Takashi Nakamura', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1864-1143'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I22299242', 'display_name': 'Kyoto University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02kpeqv85', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I22299242']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Takashi Nakamura', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kawahara-cho 54, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kawahara-cho 54, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I22299242']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5008572515', 'https://openalex.org/A5000204983', 'https://openalex.org/A5023404722', 'https://openalex.org/A5104072499', 'https://openalex.org/A5101408344', 'https://openalex.org/A5028295470', 'https://openalex.org/A5006892153'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I22299242', 'https://openalex.org/I22299242', 'https://openalex.org/I22299242', 'https://openalex.org/I22299242', 'https://openalex.org/I22299242', 'https://openalex.org/I22299242', 'https://openalex.org/I22299242'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 4, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.498164, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 72, 'max': 74}, 'biblio': {'volume': '52', 'issue': '4', 'first_page': '652', 'last_page': '661'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10059', 'display_name': 'Bone Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2204', 'display_name': 'Biomedical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10059', 'display_name': 'Bone Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2204', 'display_name': 'Biomedical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10512', 'display_name': 'Hip Arthroplasty Techniques and Materials', 'score': 0.9983, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2746', 'display_name': 'Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10359', 'display_name': 'Dental Implantology and Peri-implant Diseases', 'score': 0.9973, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3504', 'display_name': 'Oral Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/35', 'display_name': 'Dentistry'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/osteoblast-adhesion', 'display_name': 'Osteoblast Adhesion', 'score': 0.524484}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C506065880', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q716', 'display_name': 'Titanium', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8104594}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C160160445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24769688', 'display_name': 'Alkaline phosphatase', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7845891}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C131075544', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415863', 'display_name': 'Osteocalcin', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.68552506}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777746296', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178397', 'display_name': 'Apatite', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6698581}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C192562407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736', 'display_name': 'Materials science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.50192714}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C519063684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q706', 'display_name': 'Calcium', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47667837}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C175708663', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899559', 'display_name': 'X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4663837}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778260815', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917177', 'display_name': 'Osteoblast', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.44605875}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777132085', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46220103', 'display_name': 'Phosphate', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4323571}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780007613', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546523', 'display_name': 'Bone marrow', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4102114}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C153911025', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202', 'display_name': 'Molecular biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4023896}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C13965031', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243545', 'display_name': 'Nuclear chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.40034038}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.28675777}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.26040143}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C191897082', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467', 'display_name': 'Metallurgy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.23587692}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.22653607}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199289684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83353', 'display_name': 'Mineralogy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.22532374}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C42360764', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588', 'display_name': 'Chemical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.14639252}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C181199279', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047', 'display_name': 'Enzyme', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.14629713}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C203014093', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929', 'display_name': 'Immunology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.13286221}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C202751555', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681', 'display_name': 'In vitro', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.11340952}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4636(20001215)52:4<652::aid-jbm9>3.3.co;2-n', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S34814058', 'display_name': 'Journal of Biomedical Materials Research', 'issn_l': '0021-9304', 'issn': ['0021-9304', '1097-4636'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2471807615', 'https://openalex.org/W2470753527', 'https://openalex.org/W2387821449', 'https://openalex.org/W2359605735', 'https://openalex.org/W2357575115', 'https://openalex.org/W2347707278', 'https://openalex.org/W2130607534', 'https://openalex.org/W2128867924', 'https://openalex.org/W2039448824', 'https://openalex.org/W1980246653'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Journal': [0], 'of': [1, 12, 23, 35, 39, 50, 54, 75, 79, 100, 104, 125, 129, 150, 154, 173, 177, 196, 200, 225, 229, 240, 244, 265, 269, 290, 294, 315, 319, 340, 344, 363, 367, 386, 390, 433, 443, 456, 467, 497, 510, 554, 602, 623, 659, 722, 739, 742, 746], 'Biomedical': [2], 'Materials': [3], 'ResearchVolume': [4], '52,': [5, 773], 'Issue': [6], '4': [7], 'p.': [8], '652-661': [9, 782], 'The': [10, 549, 600, 645], 'effect': [11], 'alkali-': [13, 525], 'and': [14, 17, 431, 435, 447, 454, 473, 526, 531, 567, 625, 672], 'heat-treated': [15, 527], 'titanium': [16, 19, 522, 528, 578], 'apatite-formed': [18], 'on': [20, 488, 500, 515, 544, 558, 586, 597, 635, 642, 648, 685, 701], 'osteoblastic': [21, 760], 'differentiation': [22, 721], 'bone': [24, 512, 723], 'marrow': [25, 513, 724], 'cells': [26, 499, 514, 556, 633, 640, 646], 'Ken': [27, 31, 217, 221], 'Nishio,': [28, 218], 'Corresponding': [29, 219], 'Author': [30, 220], 'Nishio': [32, 222], '[email protected]': [33, 223], 'Department': [34, 74, 99, 124, 195, 224, 264, 289, 314, 385], 'Orthopaedic': [36, 51, 76, 101, 126, 197, 226, 241, 266, 291, 316, 387], 'Surgery,': [37, 52, 77, 102, 127, 198, 227, 242, 267, 292, 317, 388], 'Faculty': [38, 53, 78, 103, 128, 153, 176, 199, 228, 243, 268, 293, 318, 343, 366, 389], 'Medicine,': [40, 55, 80, 105, 130, 201, 230, 245, 270, 295, 320, 391], 'Kyoto': [41, 47, 56, 62, 81, 87, 106, 112, 131, 137, 156, 160, 179, 183, 202, 208, 231, 237, 246, 252, 271, 277, 296, 302, 321, 327, 346, 350, 369, 373, 392, 398], 'University,': [42, 57, 82, 107, 132, 157, 180, 203, 232, 247, 272, 297, 322, 347, 370, 393], 'Kawahara-cho': [43, 58, 83, 108, 133, 204, 233, 248, 273, 298, 323, 394], '54,': [44, 59, 84, 109, 134, 205, 234, 249, 274, 299, 324, 395], 'Shogoin,': [45, 60, 85, 110, 135, 206, 235, 250, 275, 300, 325, 396], 'Sakyo-ku,': [46, 61, 86, 111, 136, 159, 182, 207, 236, 251, 276, 301, 326, 349, 372, 397], '606-8507,': [48, 63, 88, 113, 138, 209, 238, 253, 278, 303, 328, 399], 'JapanDepartment': [49, 239], 'JapanSearch': [64, 89, 114, 139, 162, 185, 210, 254, 279, 304, 329, 352, 375, 400], 'for': [65, 90, 115, 140, 163, 186, 211, 255, 280, 305, 330, 353, 376, 401, 575, 610, 720, 751], 'more': [66, 91, 116, 141, 164, 187, 212, 256, 281, 306, 331, 354, 377, 402], 'papers': [67, 92, 117, 142, 165, 188, 213, 257, 282, 307, 332, 355, 378, 403], 'by': [68, 93, 118, 143, 166, 189, 214, 258, 283, 308, 333, 356, 379, 404, 495], 'this': [69, 94, 119, 144, 167, 190, 215, 259, 284, 309, 334, 357, 380, 405, 468, 506], 'authorMasashi': [70, 260], 'Neo,': [71, 261], 'Masashi': [72, 262], 'Neo': [73, 263], 'authorHaruhiko': [95, 285], 'Akiyama,': [96, 286], 'Haruhiko': [97, 287], 'Akiyama': [98, 288], 'authorShigeru': [120, 310], 'Nishiguchi,': [121, 311], 'Shigeru': [122, 312], 'Nishiguchi': [123, 313], 'authorHyun-Min': [145, 335], 'Kim,': [146, 336], 'Hyun-Min': [147, 337], 'Kim': [148, 338], 'Division': [149, 172, 339, 362], 'Material': [151, 174, 341, 364], 'Chemistry,': [152, 175, 342, 365], 'Engineering,': [155, 178, 345, 368], 'Yoshida-honmachi,': [158, 181, 348, 371], '606-8501,': [161, 184, 351, 374], 'authorTadashi': [168, 358], 'Kokubo,': [169, 359], 'Tadashi': [170, 360], 'Kokubo': [171, 361], 'authorTakashi': [191, 381], 'Nakamura,': [192, 382], 'Takashi': [193, 383], 'Nakamura': [194, 384], 'author': [216, 406], 'First': [407], 'published:': [408], '03': [409], 'October': [410], '2000': [411, 763], 'https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4636(20001215)52:4<652::AID-JBM9>3.0.CO;2-WCitations:': [412], '86AboutPDF': [413], 'ToolsRequest': [414], 'permissionExport': [415], 'citationAdd': [416], 'to': [417, 439, 462, 540], 'favoritesTrack': [418], 'citation': [419], 'ShareShare': [420], 'Give': [421], 'accessShare': [422, 425], 'full': [423], 'text': [424], 'full-text': [426, 441, 465], 'accessPlease': [427], 'review': [428], 'our': [429], 'Terms': [430, 453], 'Conditions': [432, 455], 'Use': [434], 'check': [436], 'box': [437], 'below': [438, 461], 'share': [440, 463], 'version': [442, 466], 'article.I': [444], 'have': [445], 'read': [446], 'accept': [448], 'the': [449, 459, 489, 508, 545, 555, 571, 576, 583, 594, 632, 639, 652, 686, 702, 716, 740], 'Wiley': [450, 765], 'Online': [451], 'Library': [452], 'UseShareable': [457], 'LinkUse': [458], 'link': [460], 'a': [464, 479, 536, 728, 743], 'article': [469], 'with': [470, 593, 665, 695], 'your': [471], 'friends': [472], 'colleagues.': [474], 'Learn': [475], 'more.Copy': [476], 'URL': [477], 'Share': [478], 'linkShare': [480], 'onFacebookTwitterLinked': [481], 'InRedditWechat': [482], 'Abstract': [483], 'This': [484, 709, 749], 'study': [485, 710], 'was': [486, 518, 561, 589, 629, 699], 'based': [487], 'hypothesis': [490], 'that': [491, 621, 679, 712], 'osteogenesis': [492], 'is': [493], 'enhanced': [494], 'growth': [496], 'osteogenic': [498], 'an': [501, 691, 756], 'apatitic': [502], 'surface.': [503], 'To': [504], 'test': [505], 'hypothesis,': [507], 'behavior': [509], 'rat': [511], 'these': [516], 'surfaces': [517], 'examined:': [519], 'commercially': [520], 'pure': [521], '(Cp': [523], 'Ti),': [524, 530], '(AH': [529], 'AH': [532, 587, 643, 687, 731], 'Ti': [533, 560, 588, 637, 650, 688, 714, 732], 'incubated': [534], 'in': [535, 608, 631, 662, 690, 693, 759], 'simulated': [537], 'body': [538], 'fluid': [539], 'deposit': [541], 'crystalline': [542], 'hydroxyapatite': [543], 'surface': [546, 744], '(Ap': [547], 'Ti).': [548], 'alkaline': [550], 'phosphatase': [551], '(ALP)': [552], 'activity': [553, 573, 585, 596], 'cultured': [557, 634, 641, 647], 'Ap': [559, 636, 713], 'significantly': [562, 590], 'higher': [563, 630], 'at': [564, 617, 727], 'day': [565, 568, 581, 618, 707], '7': [566, 657], '14': [569, 619], 'than': [570, 638], 'ALP': [572, 584, 595], 'observed': [574], 'other': [577], 'surfaces.': [579], 'At': [580], '14,': [582], 'increased': [591, 606], 'compared': [592], 'Cp': [598, 649, 703], 'Ti.': [599, 644], 'amount': [601], 'DNA': [603], 'per': [604], 'well': [605], 'nearly': [607], 'parallel': [609], 'each': [611], 'titanium.': [612], 'However,': [613], 'northern': [614], 'blot': [615], 'analysis': [616, 677], 'revealed': [620], 'expression': [622], 'osteocalcin': [624], 'α1(I)': [626], 'collagen': [627], 'mRNA': [628, 654], 'showed': [651, 678], 'lowest': [653], 'levels.': [655], 'After': [656], 'days': [658], 'cell-free': [660], 'culture': [661], 'medium': [663], 'supplemented': [664], '15%': [666], 'serum,': [667], 'X-ray': [668, 674], 'photoelectron': [669], 'spectroscopy': [670], '(XPS),': [671], 'thin-film': [673], 'diffraction': [675], '(TF-XRD)': [676], 'calcium': [680, 747], 'phosphate': [681, 698], 'had': [682], 'been': [683], 'deposited': [684], '(resulting': [689], 'increase': [692], 'thickness': [694], 'time).': [696], 'No': [697], 'detected': [700], 'Ti,': [704], 'even': [705], 'after': [706], '14.': [708], 'indicates': [711], 'provides': [715, 734], 'most': [717], 'favorable': [718, 735], 'conditions': [719], 'cells,': [725], 'and,': [726], 'later': [729], 'stage,': [730], 'also': [733], 'conditions,': [736], 'perhaps': [737], 'because': [738], 'formation': [741, 753], 'layer': [745], 'phosphate.': [748], 'potential': [750], 'apatite': [752], 'may': [754], 'play': [755], 'important': [757], 'role': [758], 'differentiation.': [761], '©': [762], 'John': [764], '&': [766], 'Sons,': [767], 'Inc.': [768], 'J': [769], 'Biomed': [770], 'Mater': [771], 'Res,': [772], '652–661,': [774], '2000.': [775], 'Citing': [776], 'Literature': [777], 'Volume52,': [778], 'Issue415': [779], 'December': [780], '2000Pages': [781], 'RelatedInformation': [783]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4255106302', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-18T16:00:16.987535', 'created_date': '2022-05-12'}