Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3122904679', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.391', 'title': 'Molecular epidemiology and clinical characteristics of Clostridium difficile infection in Thailand', 'display_name': 'Molecular epidemiology and clinical characteristics of Clostridium difficile infection in Thailand', 'publication_year': 2020, 'publication_date': '2020-12-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W3122904679', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.391', 'mag': '3122904679'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.391', 'pdf_url': 'http://www.ijidonline.com/article/S1201971220311073/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S35071406', 'display_name': 'International Journal of Infectious Diseases', 'issn_l': '1201-9712', 'issn': ['1201-9712', '1878-3511'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'doaj'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'gold', 'oa_url': 'http://www.ijidonline.com/article/S1201971220311073/pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5064772366', 'display_name': 'Korakrit Imwattana', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2538-9775'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I177877127', 'display_name': 'University of Western Australia', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/047272k79', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I177877127']}], 'countries': ['AU'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'K. Imwattana', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['University of Western Australia, School of Biomedical Sciences, Perth, Australia'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'University of Western Australia, School of Biomedical Sciences, Perth, Australia', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I177877127']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5073431493', 'display_name': 'Papanin Putsathit', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9789-4239'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I12079687', 'display_name': 'Edith Cowan University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05jhnwe22', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I12079687']}], 'countries': ['AU'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'P. Putsathit', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Edith Cowan University, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Perth, Australia'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Edith Cowan University, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Perth, Australia', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I12079687']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5085637365', 'display_name': 'Teera Leepattarakit', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2925-9644'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1332387789', 'display_name': 'Siriraj Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0331zs648', 'country_code': 'TH', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1332387789']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I25399158', 'display_name': 'Mahidol University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01znkr924', 'country_code': 'TH', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I25399158']}], 'countries': ['TH'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'T. Leepattarakit', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Siriraj Hospital, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Siriraj Hospital, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1332387789', 'https://openalex.org/I25399158']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5067974559', 'display_name': 'Patarachai Kiratisin', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1332387789', 'display_name': 'Siriraj Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0331zs648', 'country_code': 'TH', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1332387789']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I25399158', 'display_name': 'Mahidol University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01znkr924', 'country_code': 'TH', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I25399158']}], 'countries': ['TH'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'P. Kiratisin', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Siriraj Hospital, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Siriraj Hospital, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1332387789', 'https://openalex.org/I25399158']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5072132429', 'display_name': 'Thomas Riley', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8678-9836'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210163058', 'display_name': 'Pathwest Laboratory Medicine', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05dg9bg39', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210163058']}], 'countries': ['AU'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'T. Riley', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Perth, Australia'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Perth, Australia', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210163058']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 5, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5064772366'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I177877127'], 'apc_list': {'value': 1750, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 1750, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 1750, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 1750, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 0.026, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 1, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.3828, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 60, 'max': 69}, 'biblio': {'volume': '101', 'issue': None, 'first_page': '144', 'last_page': '144'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11288', 'display_name': 'Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2725', 'display_name': 'Infectious Diseases'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11288', 'display_name': 'Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2725', 'display_name': 'Infectious Diseases'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11681', 'display_name': 'Nosocomial Infections in ICU', 'score': 0.9036, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2706', 'display_name': 'Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/ribotyping', 'display_name': 'Ribotyping', 'score': 0.8525591}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/group-b', 'display_name': 'Group B', 'score': 0.42424005}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2994496256', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27031090', 'display_name': 'Clostridium difficile', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.94030815}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777368272', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418073', 'display_name': 'Ribotyping', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.8525591}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C97505648', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5135488', 'display_name': 'Clostridium difficile toxin A', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.800022}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134193097', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5135489', 'display_name': 'Clostridium difficile toxin B', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.65528774}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C107130276', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805', 'display_name': 'Epidemiology', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6383581}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.57691073}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C89423630', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193', 'display_name': 'Microbiology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.57299066}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777367657', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184651', 'display_name': 'Toxin', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5581628}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C61716771', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q496', 'display_name': 'Feces', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.53699183}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.48603183}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777785397', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492194', 'display_name': 'Group B', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42424005}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.26710993}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C501593827', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187', 'display_name': 'Antibiotics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.16728204}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C49105822', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176996', 'display_name': 'Polymerase chain reaction', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.112804174}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.090667516}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.391', 'pdf_url': 'http://www.ijidonline.com/article/S1201971220311073/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S35071406', 'display_name': 'International Journal of Infectious Diseases', 'issn_l': '1201-9712', 'issn': ['1201-9712', '1878-3511'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doaj.org/article/3498dfd13011408da515eb7285c87f04', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401280', 'display_name': 'DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.391', 'pdf_url': 'http://www.ijidonline.com/article/S1201971220311073/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S35071406', 'display_name': 'International Journal of Infectious Diseases', 'issn_l': '1201-9712', 'issn': ['1201-9712', '1878-3511'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'score': 0.86}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4293204701', 'https://openalex.org/W3122904679', 'https://openalex.org/W3039408246', 'https://openalex.org/W2805990579', 'https://openalex.org/W2416013247', 'https://openalex.org/W2154165794', 'https://openalex.org/W2120670749', 'https://openalex.org/W2112548067', 'https://openalex.org/W2001386076', 'https://openalex.org/W1985689097'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Background:': [0], 'Clostridium': [1], 'difficile': [2, 60, 120, 159, 176, 330, 346], 'infection': [3], '(CDI)': [4], 'is': [5, 19, 47], 'a': [6, 48], 'public': [7], 'health': [8], 'threat': [9], 'with': [10, 154, 163, 232, 236, 269, 280, 300, 333], 'high': [11, 49], 'mortality': [12], 'and': [13, 35, 57, 72, 86, 99, 117, 121, 128, 134, 156, 160, 164, 186, 221, 251, 261, 271, 281, 304, 340], 'recurrence.': [14, 255], 'Despite': [15], 'its': [16], 'importance,': [17], 'little': [18], 'known': [20], 'about': [21], 'CDI': [22, 84, 98, 101, 145, 244, 317], 'in': [23, 32, 61, 82, 318], 'Thailand.': [24], 'There': [25, 171], 'has': [26], 'been': [27, 69], 'only': [28], 'one': [29, 192], 'clinical': [30, 147], 'study': [31], 'the': [33, 62, 83, 105, 140, 144, 196, 209, 228, 243, 288, 291, 309], 'country': [34], 'microbiological': [36], 'data': [37, 136], 'are': [38], 'limited.': [39], 'Several': [40], 'epidemiologic': [41], 'studies': [42], 'have': [43, 67], 'shown': [44], 'that': [45], 'there': [46], 'prevalence': [50, 257], 'of': [51, 76, 95, 193, 227, 258, 295, 306, 316, 328, 343], 'toxin': [52, 54, 129], 'A-negative,': [53], 'B-positive': [55], '(A-B+)': [56], 'non-toxigenic': [58, 118, 167, 233, 284, 344], 'C.': [59, 119, 158, 168, 175, 234, 273, 285, 329, 338, 345], 'country,': [63], 'however,': [64], 'disease': [65, 250, 332], 'characteristics': [66, 133, 148, 335], 'not': [68, 264, 348], 'determined.': [70], 'Methods': [71], 'materials:': [73], 'A': [74], 'total': [75], '248': [77], 'adult': [78], 'cases': [79, 260], 'were': [80, 89, 102, 112, 124, 137, 149, 172, 180, 184, 189, 204, 230, 298, 347], 'included': [81], 'group': [85], '221': [87, 178], 'patients': [88, 152, 162, 229, 267, 279], 'selected': [90], 'as': [91, 275, 277], 'controls.': [92], 'The': [93, 256, 314], 'definitions': [94], 'CDI,': [96], 'severe': [97, 249, 259], 'recurrent': [100], 'according': [103], 'to': [104, 322, 336], '2017': [106], 'IDSA/SHEA': [107], 'guidelines.': [108], 'All': [109, 201], 'fecal': [110], 'specimens': [111], 'cultured': [113], 'for': [114], 'both': [115], 'toxigenic': [116, 174], 'all': [122], 'isolates': [123], 'characterized': [125], 'by': [126], 'ribotyping': [127], 'gene': [130], 'detection.': [131], 'Patient': [132], 'laboratory': [135], 'compared': [138, 150], 'between': [139, 151, 161, 240, 266, 278], 'two': [141], 'groups.': [142, 241], 'Within': [143], 'group,': [146, 290], 'infected': [153, 268], 'A-B+': [155, 185, 202, 270, 326], 'A+B+': [157, 272, 337], 'without': [165, 282], 'co-colonizing': [166, 283], 'difficile.': [169, 286], 'Results:': [170], '271': [173], 'isolated;': [177], '(82%)': [179], 'A+B+,': [181], '47': [182], '(17%)': [183], '3': [187], '(1%)': [188], 'binary': [190], 'toxin-positive,': [191], 'which': [194, 207], 'was': [195, 208, 320], 'epidemic': [197], 'ribotype': [198], '(RT)': [199], '078.': [200], 'strains': [203, 327], 'RT': [205], '017': [206], 'most': [210, 292, 310], 'common': [211, 214, 293, 311], 'RT.': [212], 'Other': [213], 'RTs': [215], 'include': [216], '014': [217], '(17%),': [218], '020': [219], '(7%)': [220], '043': [222], '(6%).': [223], 'Overall,': [224], '12%': [225], '(58/469)': [226], 'colonized': [231], 'difficile,': [235, 274, 339], 'no': [237], 'significant': [238], 'difference': [239], 'Of': [242], 'cases,': [245], '35%': [246], '(87/248)': [247], 'had': [248], '9%': [252], '(22/248)': [253], 'experienced': [254], 'recurrence': [262], 'did': [263], 'differ': [265], 'well': [276], 'In': [287], 'control': [289], 'causes': [294], 'nosocomial': [296], 'diarrhea': [297], 'drugs,': [299], 'laxatives': [301], '(senna,': [302], 'lactulose': [303], 'milk': [305], 'magnesia)': [307], 'being': [308], 'agents.': [312], 'Conclusion:': [313], 'epidemiology': [315], 'Thailand': [319], 'similar': [321, 334], 'previous': [323], 'reports.': [324], 'Toxin': [325], 'caused': [331], 'protective': [341], 'effects': [342], 'observed.': [349]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3122904679', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-28T08:08:49.790285', 'created_date': '2021-02-01'}