Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3103114801', 'doi': None, 'title': 'Spectroscopic and physical parameters of Galactic O-type stars. I. Effects of rotation and spectral resolving power in the spectral classification of dwarfs and giants', 'display_name': 'Spectroscopic and physical parameters of Galactic O-type stars. I. Effects of rotation and spectral resolving power in the spectral classification of dwarfs and giants', 'publication_year': 2011, 'publication_date': '2011-03-17', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W3103114801', 'mag': '3103114801'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201015956', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2011/06/aa15956-10.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400194', 'display_name': 'arXiv (Cornell University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I205783295', 'host_organization_name': 'Cornell University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205783295'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Cornell University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'preprint', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': [], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2011/06/aa15956-10.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5102849519', 'display_name': 'N. Markova', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4349-6758'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210120893', 'display_name': 'Institute of Astronomy and National Astronomical Observatory', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02s2qpg90', 'country_code': 'BG', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210120893']}], 'countries': ['BG'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'N. Markova', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Astronomy with NAO, BAS, PO Box 136, 4700 Smolyan, Bulgaria'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Astronomy with NAO, BAS, PO Box 136, 4700 Smolyan, Bulgaria', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210120893']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5021030288', 'display_name': 'J. Puls', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0874-1669'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['DE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'J. Puls', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Universitäts-Sternwarte, Scheinerstrasse 1, 81679 München, Germany'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Universitäts-Sternwarte, Scheinerstrasse 1, 81679 München, Germany', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5071566382', 'display_name': 'S. Scuderi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8637-2109'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210122196', 'display_name': 'Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02my7ff12', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210122196', 'https://openalex.org/I875825670']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'S. Scuderi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania (Italy)'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania (Italy)', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210122196']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5073874077', 'display_name': 'S. Simón‐Díaz', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1168-3524'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I158438070', 'display_name': 'Universidad de La Laguna', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01r9z8p25', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I158438070']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210130807', 'display_name': 'Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03cmntr54', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I158438070', 'https://openalex.org/I4210130807']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'S. Simon-Diaz', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38205 , La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain', 'Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, 38200, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38205 , La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I158438070']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, 38200, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210130807']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5037570621', 'display_name': 'A. Herrero', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8768-2179'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I158438070', 'display_name': 'Universidad de La Laguna', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01r9z8p25', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I158438070']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210130807', 'display_name': 'Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03cmntr54', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I158438070', 'https://openalex.org/I4210130807']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'A. Herrero', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38205 , La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain', 'Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, 38200, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38205 , La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I158438070']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, 38200, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210130807']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 4, 'institutions_distinct_count': 4, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': None, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 0, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.0, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 0, 'max': 65}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10039', 'display_name': 'Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3103', 'display_name': 'Astronomy and Astrophysics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10039', 'display_name': 'Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3103', 'display_name': 'Astronomy and Astrophysics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T14163', 'display_name': 'Astronomical Observations and Instrumentation', 'score': 0.995, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2206', 'display_name': 'Computational Mechanics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12917', 'display_name': 'Astronomy and Astrophysical Research', 'score': 0.988, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3105', 'display_name': 'Instrumentation'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-resolution', 'display_name': 'Spectral resolution', 'score': 0.68249357}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C150846664', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7602306', 'display_name': 'Stars', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.79076505}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C180690934', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25377588', 'display_name': 'Stellar classification', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7772044}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.7572473}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C44870925', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547', 'display_name': 'Astrophysics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.713212}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C124967146', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457898', 'display_name': 'Spectral resolution', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.68249357}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C12287442', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105902', 'display_name': 'Luminosity', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6090024}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C4839761', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212111', 'display_name': 'Spectral line', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.59568685}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C74050887', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848368', 'display_name': 'Rotation (mathematics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.52087736}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C1276947', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333', 'display_name': 'Astronomy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.36226234}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C98444146', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q318', 'display_name': 'Galaxy', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.15453964}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154945302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660', 'display_name': 'Artificial intelligence', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.11955148}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.117681324}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 5, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201015956', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2011/06/aa15956-10.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400194', 'display_name': 'arXiv (Cornell University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I205783295', 'host_organization_name': 'Cornell University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205783295'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Cornell University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://arxiv.org/abs/1103.3357', 'pdf_url': 'http://arxiv.org/pdf/1103.3357', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400194', 'display_name': 'arXiv (Cornell University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I205783295', 'host_organization_name': 'Cornell University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205783295'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Cornell University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201015956/pdf', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201015956/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400744', 'display_name': 'Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I8488066', 'host_organization_name': 'Chiba Institute of Technology', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I8488066'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Chiba Institute of Technology'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201322661/pdf', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201322661/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400744', 'display_name': 'Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I8488066', 'host_organization_name': 'Chiba Institute of Technology', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I8488066'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Chiba Institute of Technology'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201731361/pdf', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201731361/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400744', 'display_name': 'Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I8488066', 'host_organization_name': 'Chiba Institute of Technology', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I8488066'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Chiba Institute of Technology'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201015956', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2011/06/aa15956-10.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400194', 'display_name': 'arXiv (Cornell University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I205783295', 'host_organization_name': 'Cornell University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205783295'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Cornell University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 49, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W162535441', 'https://openalex.org/W1647980187', 'https://openalex.org/W1967156117', 'https://openalex.org/W1967699994', 'https://openalex.org/W1967964061', 'https://openalex.org/W1972191373', 'https://openalex.org/W1973798706', 'https://openalex.org/W1981027466', 'https://openalex.org/W1983806448', 'https://openalex.org/W1989577155', 'https://openalex.org/W1993629942', 'https://openalex.org/W1997334891', 'https://openalex.org/W2002303595', 'https://openalex.org/W2006675209', 'https://openalex.org/W2007325205', 'https://openalex.org/W2010238408', 'https://openalex.org/W2014811373', 'https://openalex.org/W2019790065', 'https://openalex.org/W2021733452', 'https://openalex.org/W2023019594', 'https://openalex.org/W2034573007', 'https://openalex.org/W2034690290', 'https://openalex.org/W2036210574', 'https://openalex.org/W2044141622', 'https://openalex.org/W2044725901', 'https://openalex.org/W2049579694', 'https://openalex.org/W2049671559', 'https://openalex.org/W2051217514', 'https://openalex.org/W2051797918', 'https://openalex.org/W2053636382', 'https://openalex.org/W2065693772', 'https://openalex.org/W2071425577', 'https://openalex.org/W2071700939', 'https://openalex.org/W2072444955', 'https://openalex.org/W2076014018', 'https://openalex.org/W2081430203', 'https://openalex.org/W2081920914', 'https://openalex.org/W2084669879', 'https://openalex.org/W2086524902', 'https://openalex.org/W2093706810', 'https://openalex.org/W2102245373', 'https://openalex.org/W2147169586', 'https://openalex.org/W2171508750', 'https://openalex.org/W3098471874', 'https://openalex.org/W3098594318', 'https://openalex.org/W3099591351', 'https://openalex.org/W3100929627', 'https://openalex.org/W3102340952', 'https://openalex.org/W3123670713'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3106080340', 'https://openalex.org/W3103820180', 'https://openalex.org/W3100290118', 'https://openalex.org/W3098423317', 'https://openalex.org/W3012653645', 'https://openalex.org/W2949836810', 'https://openalex.org/W2769810256', 'https://openalex.org/W2620960084', 'https://openalex.org/W2568270534', 'https://openalex.org/W2517029419', 'https://openalex.org/W2172054257', 'https://openalex.org/W2159525586', 'https://openalex.org/W2088894283', 'https://openalex.org/W2056859729', 'https://openalex.org/W2035624427', 'https://openalex.org/W2025131951', 'https://openalex.org/W2008848455', 'https://openalex.org/W2006997511', 'https://openalex.org/W1635701682', 'https://openalex.org/W1628054435'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'The': [0], 'modern-era': [1], 'spectral': [2, 76, 106, 150, 160, 204, 213, 221, 229], 'classification': [3, 71, 222], 'of': [4, 17, 66, 81, 127, 134, 145, 155, 188, 196, 223], 'O-stars': [5], 'relies': [6], 'on': [7, 97, 152], 'either': [8], 'the': [9, 12, 55, 64, 67, 75, 104, 142, 153, 173, 180, 186, 189, 220, 232, 235, 238, 245, 254], 'Walborn': [10, 68, 93, 190, 233], 'or': [11], 'Conti-Mathys': [13], 'scheme.': [14], 'Since': [15], 'both': [16], 'these': [18], 'approaches': [19], 'have': [20, 45], 'been': [21, 48], 'developed': [22], 'using': [23, 109], 'low-quality': [24, 98], 'photographic': [25], 'data,': [26], 'their': [27], 'application': [28], 'to': [29, 89, 117, 185, 251, 260], 'high-quality': [30], 'digital': [31], 'data': [32, 111], 'might': [33, 257], 'not': [34, 46, 177], 'be': [35, 38, 242, 261], 'straightforward': [36], 'and': [37, 42, 62, 69, 78, 86, 94, 148, 206, 212, 237, 248], 'hampered': [39], 'by': [40, 92, 123, 141, 209], 'problems': [41], 'complications': [43], 'that': [44, 103, 132, 167], 'yet': [47], 'appreciated.': [49], 'Using': [50], 'high-resolution': [51, 110, 181, 202], 'spectra': [52, 182, 240], 'obtained': [53], 'with': [54], 'ESO/MPG': [56], '2.2\\,m': [57], 'telescope': [58], 'in': [59, 219], 'La': [60], 'Silla': [61], 'following': [63], 'premises': [65], 'Conti': [70, 255], 'schemes,': [72], 'we': [73, 130, 165], 'determined': [74], 'types': [77, 107, 205], 'luminosity': [79], 'classes': [80, 230], '19': [82], 'Galactic': [83], 'O-type': [84, 224], 'stars': [85, 172], 'compared': [87, 243], 'them': [88], 'those': [90, 121, 207], 'attributed': [91, 122], 'Mathys': [95], 'based': [96], 'data.': [99], 'Our': [100], 'analysis': [101], 'reveals': [102], 'morphological': [105], 'assigned': [108, 208], 'are': [112, 183, 215], 'systematically': [113], 'later': [114], '(by': [115], 'up': [116], '1.5': [118], 'subtypes)': [119], 'then': [120], 'Walborn.': [124], 'By': [125], 'means': [126], 'line-profile': [128], 'simulations,': [129], 'show': [131], 'part': [133], 'this': [135], 'discrepancy': [136], 'is': [137], 'more': [138], 'likely': [139], 'caused': [140], 'combined': [143], 'effect': [175], 'stellar': [146], 'rotation': [147], 'high': [149], 'resolution': [151, 187, 214, 247, 252], 'depth': [154], 'helium': [156], 'lines': [157], 'used': [158], 'as': [159], 'type': [161], 'indicators.': [162], 'In': [163], 'addition,': [164], 'demonstrate': [166], 'at': [168, 244], 'least': [169], 'for': [170], 'narrow-lined': [171], 'rotational': [174], 'does': [176], 'disappear': [178], 'when': [179], 'degraded': [184], 'standards.': [191], 'We': [192], 'also': [193, 258], 'find': [194], 'evidence': [195], 'a': [197], 'systematic': [198], 'difference': [199], 'between': [200], 'our': [201], 'quantitative': [203], 'Mathys.': [210], 'Rotation': [211], 'important': [216], 'third': [217], 'parameters': [218], 'stars.': [225], 'To': [226], 'obtain': [227], 'reliable': [228], 'within': [231], 'approach,': [234], 'unknown': [236], 'standard': [239], 'must': [241], 'same': [246], '\\vsini.': [249], 'Owing': [250], 'effects,': [253], 'approach': [256], 'need': [259], 'updated.': [262]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3103114801', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-12-15T10:58:58.975495', 'created_date': '2020-11-23'}