Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2025131951', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1086/301533', 'title': 'The INT Search for Metal-Poor Stars: Spectroscopic Observations and Classification via Artificial Neural Networks', 'display_name': 'The INT Search for Metal-Poor Stars: Spectroscopic Observations and Classification via Artificial Neural Networks', 'publication_year': 2000, 'publication_date': '2000-09-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2025131951', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1086/301533', 'mag': '2025131951'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1086/301533', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S100695177', 'display_name': 'The Astronomical Journal', 'issn_l': '0004-6256', 'issn': ['0004-6256', '1538-3881'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311669', 'host_organization_name': 'Institute of Physics', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311669'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Institute of Physics'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'datacite'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5105875153', 'display_name': 'Carlos Allende Prieto', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0084-572X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I86519309', 'display_name': 'The University of Texas at Austin', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00hj54h04', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I86519309']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210130807', 'display_name': 'Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03cmntr54', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I158438070', 'https://openalex.org/I4210130807']}], 'countries': ['ES', 'US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Carlos Allende Prieto', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Current address: McDonald Observatory and Department of Astronomy, University of Texas at Austin, RLM 15.308, Austin, TX 78712-1083', 'Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Calle Vía Láctea, E-38200, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Current address: McDonald Observatory and Department of Astronomy, University of Texas at Austin, RLM 15.308, Austin, TX 78712-1083', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I86519309']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Calle Vía Láctea, E-38200, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210130807']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5073896204', 'display_name': 'R. Rébolo', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3767-7085'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210130807', 'display_name': 'Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03cmntr54', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I158438070', 'https://openalex.org/I4210130807']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Rafael Rebolo', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Calle Vía Láctea, E-38200, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Calle Vía Láctea, E-38200, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210130807']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5105509956', 'display_name': 'R. J. Garcı́a López', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8204-6832'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I158438070', 'display_name': 'Universidad de La Laguna', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01r9z8p25', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I158438070']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210130807', 'display_name': 'Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03cmntr54', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I158438070', 'https://openalex.org/I4210130807']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Ramón J. García López', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Also Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, Avd. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, E-38071, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain', 'Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Calle Vía Láctea, E-38200, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Also Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, Avd. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, E-38071, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I158438070']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Calle Vía Láctea, E-38200, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210130807']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5037443814', 'display_name': 'M. Serra‐Ricart', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2394-0711'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210130807', 'display_name': 'Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03cmntr54', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I158438070', 'https://openalex.org/I4210130807']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Miquel Serra-Ricart', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Calle Via Lactea, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Calle Via Lactea, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210130807']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5007399893', 'display_name': 'Timothy C. Beers', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4573-6233'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I87216513', 'display_name': 'Michigan State University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05hs6h993', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I87216513']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Timothy C. Beers', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I87216513']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5017110401', 'display_name': 'Silvia Rossi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7479-5756'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I17974374', 'display_name': 'Universidade de São Paulo', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/036rp1748', 'country_code': 'BR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I17974374']}], 'countries': ['BR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Silvia Rossi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Instituto Astronômico e Geofísico, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Miguel Stefano 4200, 04301-908, São Paulo, Brazil'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Instituto Astronômico e Geofísico, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Miguel Stefano 4200, 04301-908, São Paulo, Brazil', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I17974374']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5051848532', 'display_name': 'P. Bonifacio', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1014-0635'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I142444530', 'display_name': 'University of Trieste', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02n742c10', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I142444530']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Piercarlo Bonifacio', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Università di Trieste, Via Tiepolo 11, I-34131, Trieste, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Università di Trieste, Via Tiepolo 11, I-34131, Trieste, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I142444530']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5031906583', 'display_name': 'P. Molaro', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0571-4163'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I142444530', 'display_name': 'University of Trieste', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02n742c10', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I142444530']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Paolo Molaro', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Università di Trieste, Via Tiepolo 11, I-34131, Trieste, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Università di Trieste, Via Tiepolo 11, I-34131, Trieste, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I142444530']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 4, 'institutions_distinct_count': 6, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 4499, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 4499, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 2.0, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 37, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.873343, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 89, 'max': 90}, 'biblio': {'volume': '120', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '1516', 'last_page': '1531'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10039', 'display_name': 'Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies', 'score': 0.9971, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3103', 'display_name': 'Astronomy and Astrophysics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10039', 'display_name': 'Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies', 'score': 0.9971, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3103', 'display_name': 'Astronomy and Astrophysics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12917', 'display_name': 'Astronomy and Astrophysical Research', 'score': 0.9844, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3105', 'display_name': 'Instrumentation'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T14163', 'display_name': 'Astronomical Observations and Instrumentation', 'score': 0.9773, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2206', 'display_name': 'Computational Mechanics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C150846664', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7602306', 'display_name': 'Stars', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.89738303}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.64940405}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778861254', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912034', 'display_name': 'Spectrograph', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6244396}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C44870925', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547', 'display_name': 'Astrophysics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5926753}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C4839761', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212111', 'display_name': 'Spectral line', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.52383024}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C98444146', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q318', 'display_name': 'Galaxy', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4901069}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780848835', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4213', 'display_name': 'Telescope', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.43737757}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C1276947', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333', 'display_name': 'Astronomy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3398933}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154945302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660', 'display_name': 'Artificial intelligence', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.33182898}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.2209839}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1086/301533', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S100695177', 'display_name': 'The Astronomical Journal', 'issn_l': '0004-6256', 'issn': ['0004-6256', '1538-3881'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311669', 'host_organization_name': 'Institute of Physics', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311669'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Institute of Physics'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://api.datacite.org/dois/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0005598', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4393179698', 'display_name': 'DataCite API', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I4210145204', 'host_organization_name': 'DataCite', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210145204'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['DataCite'], 'type': 'metadata'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.7, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1', 'display_name': 'No poverty'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': ['https://openalex.org/W2025131951', 'https://openalex.org/W3100353726'], 'referenced_works_count': 22, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1498436455', 'https://openalex.org/W1545277256', 'https://openalex.org/W1627612290', 'https://openalex.org/W1657706660', 'https://openalex.org/W1968574954', 'https://openalex.org/W1976212787', 'https://openalex.org/W1979023753', 'https://openalex.org/W1980129482', 'https://openalex.org/W1983103591', 'https://openalex.org/W2020215161', 'https://openalex.org/W2055688528', 'https://openalex.org/W2064778606', 'https://openalex.org/W2070680188', 'https://openalex.org/W2071615312', 'https://openalex.org/W2084896578', 'https://openalex.org/W2091085232', 'https://openalex.org/W2157594202', 'https://openalex.org/W3049738320', 'https://openalex.org/W3099624472', 'https://openalex.org/W3121688990', 'https://openalex.org/W4238960061', 'https://openalex.org/W4253710164'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4293282768', 'https://openalex.org/W4245303880', 'https://openalex.org/W3103134725', 'https://openalex.org/W2999099251', 'https://openalex.org/W2483986845', 'https://openalex.org/W2099745366', 'https://openalex.org/W2087103761', 'https://openalex.org/W2062448413', 'https://openalex.org/W1991935855', 'https://openalex.org/W1965296586'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'With': [0], 'the': [1, 6, 14, 18, 28, 32, 38, 44, 62, 71, 107, 166, 194, 213], 'dual': [2], 'aims': [3], 'of': [4, 8, 20, 31, 53, 66, 73, 106, 133, 197, 215, 219], 'enlarging': [5], 'list': [7], 'extremely': [9], 'metal-poor': [10, 58, 198], 'stars': [11, 23, 122, 174, 180, 188, 199], 'identified': [12], 'in': [13, 24, 168, 200], 'Galaxy,': [15], 'and': [16, 43, 68, 98, 113, 185], 'boosting': [17], 'numbers': [19], 'moderately': [21], 'metal-deficient': [22], 'directions': [25], 'that': [26, 144], 'sample': [27, 202], 'rotational': [29], 'properties': [30], 'thick': [33], 'disk,': [34], 'we': [35, 80, 171], 'have': [36, 81, 101, 117], 'used': [37], '2.5m': [39], 'Isaac': [40], 'Newton': [41], 'Telescope': [42], 'Intermediate': [45], 'Dispersion': [46], 'Spectrograph': [47], 'to': [48], 'carry': [49], 'out': [50], 'a': [51, 151], 'survey': [52, 65, 210], 'brighter': [54], '(primarily': [55], 'northern': [56], 'hemisphere)': [57], 'candidates': [59, 167], 'selected': [60], 'from': [61], 'HK': [63, 209], 'objective-prism/interference-filter': [64], 'Beers': [67], 'collaborators.': [69], 'Over': [70], 'course': [72], 'only': [74], 'three': [75], 'observing': [76], 'runs': [77], '(15': [78], 'nights)': [79], 'obtained': [82], 'medium-resolution': [83], '(resolving': [84], 'power': [85], '~': [86, 93], '2000)': [87], 'spectra': [88], 'for': [89, 104, 120], '1203': [90], 'objects': [91], '(V': [92], '11-15).': [94], 'Spectral': [95], 'absorption-line': [96], 'indices': [97], 'radial': [99], 'velocities': [100], 'been': [102, 118], 'measured': [103], 'all': [105], 'candidates.': [108], 'Metallicities,': [109], 'quantified': [110], 'by': [111], '[Fe/H],': [112], 'intrinsic': [114], '(B-V)o': [115], 'colors': [116], 'estimated': [119], '731': [121], 'with': [123, 139, 175, 181, 189], 'effective': [124], 'temperatures': [125], 'cooler': [126], 'than': [127], 'roughly': [128], '6500': [129], 'K,': [130], 'making': [131], 'use': [132], 'artificial': [134], 'neural': [135], 'networks': [136], '(ANNs),': [137], 'trained': [138], 'spectral': [140], 'indices.': [141], 'We': [142], 'show': [143], 'this': [145], 'method': [146], 'performs': [147], 'as': [148, 150, 205, 207], 'well': [149], 'previously': [152], 'explored': [153], 'Ca': [154], 'II': [155], 'K': [156], 'calibration': [157], 'technique,': [158], 'yet': [159], 'it': [160], 'presents': [161], 'some': [162], 'practical': [163], 'advantages.': [164], 'Among': [165], 'our': [169, 201], 'sample,': [170], 'identify': [172], '195': [173], '[Fe/H]': [176, 182, 190], '<=': [177, 183, 191], '-1.0,': [178], '67': [179], '-2.0,': [184], '12': [186], 'new': [187], '-3.0.': [192], 'Although': [193], 'EFECTIVE': [195], 'YIELD': [196], 'is': [203, 222], 'not': [204], 'large': [206], 'previous': [208], 'follow-up': [211], 'programs,': [212], 'rate': [214], 'discovery': [216], 'per': [217], 'unit': [218], 'telescope': [220], 'time': [221], 'quite': [223], 'high.': [224]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2025131951', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-15T13:44:54.180124', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}