Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2513148641', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2016.00253', 'title': 'Propionate Ameliorates Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis by Improving Intestinal Barrier Function and Reducing Inflammation and Oxidative Stress', 'display_name': 'Propionate Ameliorates Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis by Improving Intestinal Barrier Function and Reducing Inflammation and Oxidative Stress', 'publication_year': 2016, 'publication_date': '2016-08-15', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2513148641', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2016.00253', 'mag': '2513148641', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27574508', 'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4983549'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2016.00253', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2016.00253/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S132108250', 'display_name': 'Frontiers in Pharmacology', 'issn_l': '1663-9812', 'issn': ['1663-9812'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320527', 'host_organization_name': 'Frontiers Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320527'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Frontiers Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'doaj', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'gold', 'oa_url': 'https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2016.00253/pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5056513559', 'display_name': 'Ling‐Chang Tong', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210135988', 'display_name': 'Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03p31hk68', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210135988']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I177933477', 'display_name': 'Second Military Medical University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04tavpn47', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I177933477']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Ling-chang Tong', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China', 'Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210135988']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I177933477']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5113984499', 'display_name': 'Yue Wang', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210135988', 'display_name': 'Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03p31hk68', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210135988']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210127460', 'display_name': 'Ningxia Medical University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02h8a1848', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210127460']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Yue Wang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China', 'Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210135988']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210127460']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100332271', 'display_name': 'Zhibin Wang', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7441-7536'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I177933477', 'display_name': 'Second Military Medical University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04tavpn47', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I177933477']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Zhi-bin Wang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I177933477']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5069588281', 'display_name': 'Wei‐Ye Liu', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I177933477', 'display_name': 'Second Military Medical University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04tavpn47', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I177933477']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Wei-ye Liu', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I177933477']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5012804259', 'display_name': 'Sheng Sun', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0260-2692'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I177933477', 'display_name': 'Second Military Medical University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04tavpn47', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I177933477']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Sheng Sun', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I177933477']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100435330', 'display_name': 'Ling Li', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1940-8693'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I177933477', 'display_name': 'Second Military Medical University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04tavpn47', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I177933477']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Ling Li', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I177933477']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5051767745', 'display_name': 'Ding‐Feng Su', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I177933477', 'display_name': 'Second Military Medical University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04tavpn47', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I177933477']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Ding-feng Su', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I177933477']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100638145', 'display_name': 'Lichao Zhang', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210135988', 'display_name': 'Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03p31hk68', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210135988']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Li-chao Zhang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210135988']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5100435330', 'https://openalex.org/A5051767745', 'https://openalex.org/A5100638145'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I177933477', 'https://openalex.org/I177933477', 'https://openalex.org/I4210135988'], 'apc_list': {'value': 2950, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 2950, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 2950, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 2950, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 13.816, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 248, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.916455, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '7', 'issue': None, 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10276', 'display_name': 'Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies', 'score': 0.9983, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2746', 'display_name': 'Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10276', 'display_name': 'Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies', 'score': 0.9983, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2746', 'display_name': 'Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10066', 'display_name': 'Gut microbiota and health', 'score': 0.9976, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10134', 'display_name': 'Inflammatory Bowel Disease', 'score': 0.9975, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1311', 'display_name': 'Genetics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/barrier-function', 'display_name': 'Barrier function', 'score': 0.5888757}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776151105', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898814', 'display_name': 'Oxidative stress', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.81097543}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776914184', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991', 'display_name': 'Inflammation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7046871}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2775862500', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2453464', 'display_name': 'Colitis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.69746125}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C51911345', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4863604', 'display_name': 'Barrier function', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5888757}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5156485}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777339698', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423123', 'display_name': 'Dextran', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.50524694}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780014933', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422956', 'display_name': 'Propionate', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4546001}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C98274493', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.44446117}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.38380077}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.35600358}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.2080417}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.16268015}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95444343', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141', 'display_name': 'Cell biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.12534603}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 5, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2016.00253', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2016.00253/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S132108250', 'display_name': 'Frontiers in Pharmacology', 'issn_l': '1663-9812', 'issn': ['1663-9812'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320527', 'host_organization_name': 'Frontiers Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320527'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Frontiers Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doaj.org/article/ea71d0dd8d6047338a7835b6a5c9dc0e', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401280', 'display_name': 'DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc4983549', 'pdf_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc4983549?pdf=render', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400806', 'display_name': 'Europe PMC (PubMed Central)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1303153112', 'host_organization_name': 'European Bioinformatics Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1303153112'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['European Bioinformatics Institute'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4983549', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27574508', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2016.00253', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2016.00253/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S132108250', 'display_name': 'Frontiers in Pharmacology', 'issn_l': '1663-9812', 'issn': ['1663-9812'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320527', 'host_organization_name': 'Frontiers Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320527'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Frontiers Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6', 'score': 0.81, 'display_name': 'Clean water and sanitation'}], 'grants': [{'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320321001', 'funder_display_name': 'National Natural Science Foundation of China', 'award_id': '81402941'}, {'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320321001', 'funder_display_name': 'National Natural Science Foundation of China', 'award_id': '81273504'}, {'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320321001', 'funder_display_name': 'National Natural Science Foundation of China', 'award_id': '81473258'}], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 37, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W164036146', 'https://openalex.org/W1934624334', 'https://openalex.org/W1954825216', 'https://openalex.org/W1966609569', 'https://openalex.org/W1982633691', 'https://openalex.org/W198284251', 'https://openalex.org/W1989401022', 'https://openalex.org/W1991098319', 'https://openalex.org/W1996845889', 'https://openalex.org/W2004506978', 'https://openalex.org/W2012422301', 'https://openalex.org/W2063731747', 'https://openalex.org/W2068095673', 'https://openalex.org/W2074254007', 'https://openalex.org/W2081370753', 'https://openalex.org/W2081864509', 'https://openalex.org/W2087228220', 'https://openalex.org/W2095481371', 'https://openalex.org/W2097991034', 'https://openalex.org/W2109832621', 'https://openalex.org/W2111152018', 'https://openalex.org/W2115033553', 'https://openalex.org/W2118678246', 'https://openalex.org/W2127906539', 'https://openalex.org/W2144524917', 'https://openalex.org/W2153538626', 'https://openalex.org/W2161751637', 'https://openalex.org/W2169208062', 'https://openalex.org/W2194307286', 'https://openalex.org/W2239450140', 'https://openalex.org/W2273066997', 'https://openalex.org/W2291443959', 'https://openalex.org/W2312260446', 'https://openalex.org/W2319166398', 'https://openalex.org/W2396752217', 'https://openalex.org/W2407623182', 'https://openalex.org/W811868774'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4253532203', 'https://openalex.org/W2367678545', 'https://openalex.org/W2234954424', 'https://openalex.org/W2162085707', 'https://openalex.org/W1993900726', 'https://openalex.org/W1988762558', 'https://openalex.org/W1983341492', 'https://openalex.org/W1707455315', 'https://openalex.org/W1500231362', 'https://openalex.org/W1487888634'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Propionate': [0], 'is': [1], 'a': [2], 'short': [3], 'chain': [4], 'fatty': [5], 'acid': [6], 'and': [7, 14, 46, 67, 98, 114, 117, 142, 158, 166, 182, 188, 201, 207, 213, 253, 256], 'abundant': [8], 'as': [9], 'butyrate': [10, 24], 'in': [11, 25, 49, 56, 72, 86, 125, 145, 156, 169, 192, 211], 'the': [12, 26, 36, 126, 152, 159, 170, 176, 197, 203, 228, 260], 'gut': [13], 'blood.': [15], 'However,': [16], 'propionate': [17, 40, 93, 135, 149, 220, 242], 'has': [18], 'been': [19], 'studied': [20], 'less': [21], 'extensively': [22], 'than': [23], 'treatment': [27], 'of': [28, 38, 77, 119, 154, 161, 178, 190, 231, 240], 'colitis.': [29], 'The': [30], 'present': [31], 'study': [32], 'was': [33, 131], 'to': [34, 64, 82], 'investigate': [35], 'effects': [37], 'sodium': [39, 52, 92, 134, 241], 'on': [41, 104], 'intestinal': [42, 250], 'barrier': [43, 108, 251], 'function,': [44, 109], 'inflammation': [45, 255], 'oxidative': [47, 112, 257], 'stress': [48, 258], 'dextran': [50], 'sulfate': [51], '(DSS)-induced': [53], 'mice.': [54, 147, 233], 'Animals': [55, 85], 'DSS': [57, 68, 102, 217], 'group': [58, 88], 'received': [59], 'drinking': [60, 78], 'water': [61, 79], 'from': [62, 80], '1': [63], '6': [65], 'days': [66, 97], '(3%': [69], '(w/v)': [70], 'dissolved': [71], 'double': [73], 'distilled': [74], 'water)': [75], 'instead': [76], '7': [81], '14': [83, 95], 'days.': [84], 'DSS+Prop': [87], 'were': [89, 128], 'given': [90], '1%': [91], 'for': [94], 'consecutive': [96], 'supplemented': [99], 'with': [100, 216, 223], '3%': [101], 'solution': [103], 'day': [105], '7-14.': [106], 'Intestinal': [107], 'proinflammatory': [110], 'factors,': [111], 'stress,': [113], 'signal': [115], 'transducer': [116], 'activator': [118], 'transcription': [120], '3': [121], '(STAT3)': [122], 'signaling': [123, 262], 'pathway': [124], 'colon': [127, 212], 'determined.': [129], 'It': [130, 173], 'found': [132], 'that': [133, 237], 'ameliorated': [136], 'body': [137], 'weight': [138], 'loss,': [139], 'colon-length': [140], 'shortening': [141], 'colonic': [143, 171, 229], 'damage': [144], 'colitis': [146, 193, 232, 246], 'Sodium': [148, 219], 'significantly': [150], 'inhibited': [151, 175, 221], 'increase': [153], 'FITC-dextran': [155], 'serum': [157, 214], 'decrease': [160], 'zonula': [162], 'occludens-1': [163], '(ZO-1),': [164], 'occludin': [165], 'E-cadherin': [167], 'expression': [168, 177], 'tissue.': [172], 'also': [174], 'interleukin': [179], '(IL)-1β,': [180], 'IL-6': [181], 'tumor': [183], 'necrosis': [184], 'factor-α': [185], '(TNF-α)': [186], 'mRNA': [187], 'phosphorylation': [189], 'STAT3': [191, 261], 'mice': [194], 'markedly,': [195], 'reduced': [196], 'myeloperoxidase': [198], '(MPO)': [199], 'level,': [200], 'increased': [202], 'superoxide': [204], 'dismutase': [205], '(SOD)': [206], 'catalase': [208], '(CAT)': [209], 'level': [210], 'compared': [215], 'group.': [218], 'macrophages': [222], 'CD68': [224], 'marker': [225], 'infiltration': [226], 'into': [227], 'mucosa': [230], 'These': [234], 'results': [235], 'suggest': [236], 'oral': [238], 'administration': [239], 'could': [243], 'ameliorate': [244], 'DSS-induced': [245], 'mainly': [247], 'by': [248], 'improving': [249], 'function': [252], 'reducing': [254], 'via': [259], 'pathway.': [263]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2513148641', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 42}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 43}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 51}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 38}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 27}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 22}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 11}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-02T14:03:50.016452', 'created_date': '2016-09-16'}