Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2427222717', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2010.04.014', 'title': 'Relationship between retinal neurons apoptosis and changes of manganese superoxide dismutase activity and mRNA expression in early diabetic rats', 'display_name': 'Relationship between retinal neurons apoptosis and changes of manganese superoxide dismutase activity and mRNA expression in early diabetic rats', 'publication_year': 2010, 'publication_date': '2010-04-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2427222717', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2010.04.014', 'mag': '2427222717', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20654064'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20654064', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': None, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100649459', 'display_name': 'Xiaoyan Li', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3292-019X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210132375', 'display_name': 'First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/039713658', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210132375']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Xiao-yan Li', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Ophthalmology, the First Hospital Affiliated to PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Ophthalmology, the First Hospital Affiliated to PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210132375']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5003942431', 'display_name': 'Mao-nian Zhang', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210132375', 'display_name': 'First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/039713658', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210132375']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Mao-nian Zhang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Ophthalmology,the First Hospital Affiliated to PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100048,China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Ophthalmology,the First Hospital Affiliated to PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100048,China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210132375']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5067063994', 'display_name': 'Yuli Pi', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Yu-li Pi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 0, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.0, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 0, 'max': 64}, 'biblio': {'volume': '46', 'issue': '4', 'first_page': '347', 'last_page': '354'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13796', 'display_name': 'Neurological Disorders and Treatments', 'score': 0.9687, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2808', 'display_name': 'Neurology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13796', 'display_name': 'Neurological Disorders and Treatments', 'score': 0.9687, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2808', 'display_name': 'Neurology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T14144', 'display_name': 'Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments', 'score': 0.9471, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2808', 'display_name': 'Neurology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10250', 'display_name': 'Glaucoma and retinal disorders', 'score': 0.9436, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2731', 'display_name': 'Ophthalmology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C196795494', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1624817', 'display_name': 'TUNEL assay', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7929018}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C190283241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14599311', 'display_name': 'Apoptosis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.68860686}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2775838275', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410776', 'display_name': 'Superoxide dismutase', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6587516}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780827179', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001', 'display_name': 'Retinal', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6438136}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134018914', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.521385}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5087021}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777093970', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169342', 'display_name': 'Retina', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5007057}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779829184', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631361', 'display_name': 'Diabetic retinopathy', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.46820456}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C16685009', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335057', 'display_name': 'Andrology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.37704125}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.37440553}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C555293320', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206', 'display_name': 'Diabetes mellitus', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.37088895}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.35834342}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776151105', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898814', 'display_name': 'Oxidative stress', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.28030193}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.2607726}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.13339132}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169760540', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.07476103}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D017209', 'descriptor_name': 'Apoptosis', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003921', 'descriptor_name': 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012165', 'descriptor_name': 'Retinal Ganglion Cells', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013482', 'descriptor_name': 'Superoxide Dismutase', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003921', 'descriptor_name': 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003921', 'descriptor_name': 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012333', 'descriptor_name': 'RNA, Messenger', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012333', 'descriptor_name': 'RNA, Messenger', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D051381', 'descriptor_name': 'Rats', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D017207', 'descriptor_name': 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012165', 'descriptor_name': 'Retinal Ganglion Cells', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012165', 'descriptor_name': 'Retinal Ganglion Cells', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000166', 'qualifier_name': 'cytology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012165', 'descriptor_name': 'Retinal Ganglion Cells', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013482', 'descriptor_name': 'Superoxide Dismutase', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20654064', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': None, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20654064', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.66, 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3140358764', 'https://openalex.org/W3032125773', 'https://openalex.org/W3031294448', 'https://openalex.org/W3031290628', 'https://openalex.org/W3029290744', 'https://openalex.org/W3028832593', 'https://openalex.org/W2989783515', 'https://openalex.org/W2959232164', 'https://openalex.org/W2415139363', 'https://openalex.org/W2414034266', 'https://openalex.org/W2404769154', 'https://openalex.org/W2400910219', 'https://openalex.org/W2398839302', 'https://openalex.org/W2396519006', 'https://openalex.org/W2388185696', 'https://openalex.org/W2371342191', 'https://openalex.org/W2370296765', 'https://openalex.org/W2358848351', 'https://openalex.org/W2355843372', 'https://openalex.org/W2336223862'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'OBJECTIVE:': [0], 'To': [1], 'study': [2], 'the': [3, 6, 77, 80, 119, 149, 152, 159, 165, 175, 179, 195, 202, 206, 239, 246, 301, 318, 336, 340, 412, 427, 437, 441, 483, 492, 559, 570, 609, 682, 715, 752, 757, 760, 771, 778, 788, 791], 'relationship': [4], 'between': [5], 'apoptosis': [7, 153, 199, 226, 251], 'of': [8, 13, 71, 90, 106, 121, 151, 155, 161, 170, 194, 238, 248, 253, 282, 312, 320, 331, 426, 432, 494, 527, 546, 572, 647, 684, 743, 754, 759, 773, 777, 790, 796], 'retinal': [9, 91, 156, 196, 240, 254, 779], 'neurons': [10, 92, 227, 241, 780], 'and': [11, 19, 41, 52, 123, 131, 164, 167, 172, 178, 182, 205, 264, 271, 276, 287, 322, 326, 339, 363, 392, 417, 429, 434, 440, 489, 503, 509, 520, 536, 542, 567, 581, 587, 620, 629, 641, 679, 690, 703, 767, 793], 'changes': [12, 742, 758], 'manganese': [14], 'superoxide': [15, 125], 'dismutase': [16, 126], '(MnSOD)': [17], 'activity': [18, 120, 166, 428, 493, 526, 571, 636, 683, 792], 'mRNA': [20, 133, 168, 333, 367, 381, 430, 511, 544, 589, 642, 697, 794], 'expression': [21, 105, 296, 795], 'in': [22, 174, 201, 228, 257, 300, 335, 383, 411, 436, 608, 649, 714, 781], 'early': [23, 747, 782], 'diabetic': [24, 42, 62, 78, 180, 207, 341, 384, 442, 675, 783], 'rats.': [25], 'METHODS:': [26], 'Controlled': [27], 'experimental': [28], 'study.': [29], 'Seventy': [30], 'two': [31], 'male': [32], '8-week-aged': [33], 'SD': [34], 'rats': [35, 64, 83, 258, 359, 385, 560, 650, 676, 784], 'were': [36, 47, 65, 84, 135, 224, 369, 395, 407, 513, 547, 591, 604, 699, 710], 'divided': [37], 'into': [38, 49], 'control': [39, 81, 176, 203, 229, 284, 302, 337, 358, 413, 438, 484, 611, 664, 717], 'group': [40, 46, 63, 82, 665, 718], 'mellitus': [43], 'group.': [44], 'Each': [45], 'subdivided': [48], '4,': [50, 213, 233, 306, 347, 361, 390, 448, 487, 565, 627], '8': [51, 263, 325, 362, 391, 416, 488, 566, 619, 628, 678, 720, 731, 766], '12': [53, 215, 235, 265, 288, 308, 327, 349, 364, 393, 418, 450, 490, 568, 621, 630, 680, 725, 736, 768], 'weeks': [54, 216, 244, 266, 316, 350, 394, 451, 655, 750, 769], 'groups': [55, 177, 204, 208, 285, 338, 342, 414, 439, 443, 485, 612], '(each': [56], 'group,': [57], 'n': [58], '=': [59, 218, 291, 352, 421, 455, 462, 470, 477, 617, 624, 633, 668, 672, 723, 728, 734, 739], '12).': [60], 'The': [61, 103, 192, 250, 329, 424, 525, 635, 741], 'injected': [66], 'with': [67, 787], 'a': [68], 'single': [69], 'dose': [70], 'streptozotocin': [72], '(60': [73], 'mg/kg)': [74], 'to': [75, 117, 147, 186, 662], 'induce': [76], 'model,': [79], 'raised': [85], 'without': [86], 'any': [87], 'intervention.': [88], 'Apoptosis': [89, 237, 776], 'was': [93, 108, 115, 145, 184, 267, 277, 297, 496, 529, 574, 686], 'detected': [94, 109], 'by': [95, 110, 137], 'TdT-mediated': [96], 'dUTP': [97], 'nick': [98], 'end': [99], 'label': [100], '(TUNEL)': [101], 'assay.': [102], 'protein': [104, 295], 'caspase-3': [107, 132, 162, 313, 332, 366], 'immunohistochemistry.': [111], 'Xanthine': [112], 'oxidase': [113], 'method': [114], 'used': [116, 146, 185], 'measure': [118], 'MnSOD': [122, 128, 173, 433, 495, 510, 573, 588, 744], 'copper-znic': [124], '(Cu-ZnSOD).': [127], 'mRNA,': [129, 163], 'Cu-ZnSODmRNA': [130], 'levels': [134, 160, 169, 334, 368, 382, 431, 512, 545, 590, 698], 'determined': [136], 'SYBR': [138], 'Green': [139], 'Realtime': [140], 'PCR': [141], 'Master': [142], 'Mix.': [143], 'ANOVA': [144], 'test': [148, 187], 'comparisons': [150], 'ratio': [154, 200, 252], 'ganglion': [157, 197, 255], 'cells,': [158], 'Cu-ZnSOD': [171, 435, 528, 543, 648, 685, 696, 761], 'groups,': [181], 'LSD': [183], 'multiple': [188], 'comparisons.': [189], 'RESULTS:': [190], '(1)': [191], 'difference': [193, 330, 425, 659], 'cells': [198, 256], 'had': [209, 260, 343, 387, 444, 562, 651], 'statistical': [210, 344, 445], 'significance': [211, 345, 446], 'at': [212, 232, 305, 324, 346, 360, 447, 486, 677, 765], '8,': [214, 234, 307, 348, 449], '(F': [217, 351], '19.5412,': [219], 'P': [220, 290, 354, 420, 457, 464, 472, 479, 616, 623, 632, 667, 671, 722, 727, 733, 738], '<': [221, 355, 458, 465, 473, 480], '0.05).': [222, 356, 481], 'There': [223], 'no': [225, 657], "groups'": [230], 'retina': [231, 304], 'weeks.': [236, 309, 328], 'occurred': [242, 314, 745, 762], '4': [243, 315, 614, 654, 749], 'after': [245, 317, 751, 770], 'onset': [247, 319, 753, 772], 'diabetes.': [249, 774], 'that': [259, 281, 386, 410, 561], 'diabetes': [261, 388, 563, 652], 'for': [262, 389, 564, 653], '(5.7': [268], '+/-': [269, 273, 371, 374, 377, 397, 400, 403, 498, 501, 505, 515, 518, 522, 531, 534, 538, 549, 552, 555, 576, 579, 583, 593, 596, 599, 638, 645, 688, 692, 701, 705], '3.9)%': [270], '(11.8': [272], '5.1)%,': [274], 'respectively,': [275, 405], 'significantly': [278], 'higher': [279], 'than': [280, 409, 606, 712], 'age-matched': [283, 610, 663, 716], '(8': [286], 'weeks:': [289, 419, 615, 622, 631, 721, 726, 732, 737], '0.000).': [292, 422, 634, 740], '(2)': [293], 'Caspase-3': [294, 380], 'not': [298], 'observed': [299], "rats'": [303], 'Positive': [310], 'staining': [311], 'diabetes,': [321, 755], 'enhanced': [323], '105.175,': [353], 'In': [357, 482, 558, 674], 'weeks,': [365, 491, 569, 681], '1.649': [370], '0.586,': [372], '1.526': [373], '0.486,': [375], '1.614': [376], '0.296,': [378], 'respectively.': [379, 524, 557], '5.672': [396], '1.193,': [398], '12.566': [399], '2.272,': [401], '14.297': [402], '2.11,': [404], 'which': [406], 'greater': [408], '(4,': [415], '(3)': [423], '(MnSOD:': [452], 'activity:': [453, 468], 'F': [454, 461, 469, 476], '19.709,': [456], '0.05,': [459, 474], 'mRNA:': [460, 475, 626, 670, 730], '93.352,': [463], '0.05;': [466], 'Cu-ZnSOD:': [467], '16.708,': [471], '16.332,': [478], '(47.118': [497], '5.018),': [499], '(46.033': [500], '6.835)': [502], '(45.813': [504], '6.859)': [506], 'U/mg,': [507, 540, 585, 694], 'respectively;': [508, 541, 586, 601, 695, 707], '0.973': [514], '0.123,': [516], '0.974': [517], '0.085': [519], '0.994': [521], '0.074,': [523], '(113.884': [530], '9.07),': [532], '(112.301': [533], '5.24)': [535], '(117.52': [537], '7.982)': [539], '1.067': [548], '0.109,': [550], '1.055': [551], '0.119,': [553], '1.092': [554], '0.180,': [556], '(33.863': [575], '6.909),': [577], '(22.877': [578], '7.875)': [580], '(20.034': [582], '6.796)': [584], '0.627': [592], '0.083,': [594], '0.333': [595], '0.080,': [597], '0.256': [598], '0.057,': [600], 'these': [602, 708], 'data': [603, 709], 'less': [605, 711], 'those': [607, 713], '(activity:': [613, 666, 719], '0.002,': [618], '0.000;': [625, 729], '(109.793': [637], '7.468)': [639], 'U/mg': [640], 'level': [643], '(0.976': [644], '0.108)': [646], 'showed': [656], 'significant': [658], 'as': [660, 746, 748], 'compared': [661], '0.426;': [669], '0.172).': [673], '(98.588': [687], '9.212)': [689], '(78.168': [691], '12.180)': [693], '0.829': [700], '0.048': [702], '0.621': [704], '0.033,': [706], '0.011,': [724], '0.001,': [735], 'while': [756], 'later,': [763], 'mainly': [764], 'CONCLUSIONS:': [775], 'may': [785], 'correlate': [786], 'decline': [789], 'MnSOD.': [797]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2427222717', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-12-16T01:41:36.926205', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}