Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2085975745', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.35.7.949', 'title': 'Permanent human parkinsonism due to 1‐methy 1–4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)', 'display_name': 'Permanent human parkinsonism due to 1‐methy 1–4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)', 'publication_year': 1985, 'publication_date': '1985-07-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2085975745', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.35.7.949', 'mag': '2085975745', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3874373'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.35.7.949', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S79704628', 'display_name': 'Neurology', 'issn_l': '0028-3878', 'issn': ['0028-3878', '1526-632X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'host_organization_name': 'Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'https://openalex.org/P4310318547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'Wolters Kluwer'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5110168151', 'display_name': 'P. Ballard', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2801022843', 'display_name': 'Santa Clara Valley Medical Center', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02v7qv571', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2801022843', 'https://openalex.org/I4210115301']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Phillip A. Ballard', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Neurology, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, and Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Neurology, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, and Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2801022843']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5068748280', 'display_name': 'James W. Tetrud', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2801022843', 'display_name': 'Santa Clara Valley Medical Center', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02v7qv571', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2801022843', 'https://openalex.org/I4210115301']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'James W. Tetrud', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Neurology, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, and Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Neurology, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, and Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2801022843']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5109993870', 'display_name': 'J. William Langston', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2801022843', 'display_name': 'Santa Clara Valley Medical Center', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02v7qv571', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2801022843', 'https://openalex.org/I4210115301']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'J. William Langston', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Neurology, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, and Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Neurology, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, and Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2801022843']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 37.323, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 620, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999763, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '35', 'issue': '7', 'first_page': '949', 'last_page': '949'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12229', 'display_name': 'Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies', 'score': 0.9988, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2735', 'display_name': 'Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12229', 'display_name': 'Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies', 'score': 0.9988, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2735', 'display_name': 'Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10085', 'display_name': "Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments", 'score': 0.9983, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2728', 'display_name': 'Neurology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13966', 'display_name': 'Neurological and metabolic disorders', 'score': 0.9962, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2712', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/mptp', 'display_name': 'MPTP', 'score': 0.9563513}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/neurotoxin', 'display_name': 'Neurotoxin', 'score': 0.5503641}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778674702', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q239816', 'display_name': 'MPTP', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.9563513}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776525014', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1531991', 'display_name': 'Parkinsonism', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.90002537}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776856834', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413581', 'display_name': 'Bromocriptine', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.7920866}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780304432', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q300989', 'display_name': 'Levodopa', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.7689401}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780938664', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753278', 'display_name': 'Substantia nigra', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.73269814}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779734285', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11085', 'display_name': "Parkinson's disease", 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6665826}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780358027', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407752', 'display_name': 'Neurotoxin', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5503641}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.52984715}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779281540', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5062122', 'display_name': 'Central nervous system disease', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42572367}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C42219234', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130', 'display_name': 'Anesthesia', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.39076507}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779134260', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136', 'display_name': 'Disease', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.37307537}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169760540', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.34292603}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.32572433}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.31031895}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779064019', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66590068', 'display_name': 'Prolactin', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71315377', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11364', 'display_name': 'Hormone', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D010300', 'descriptor_name': 'Parkinson Disease', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000209', 'qualifier_name': 'etiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011725', 'descriptor_name': 'Pyridines', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000009', 'qualifier_name': 'adverse effects', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019966', 'descriptor_name': 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000150', 'qualifier_name': 'complications', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015632', 'descriptor_name': '1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000208', 'descriptor_name': 'Acute Disease', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000328', 'descriptor_name': 'Adult', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002230', 'descriptor_name': 'Carbidopa', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000627', 'qualifier_name': 'therapeutic use', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002230', 'descriptor_name': 'Carbidopa', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002908', 'descriptor_name': 'Chronic Disease', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004338', 'descriptor_name': 'Drug Combinations', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000627', 'qualifier_name': 'therapeutic use', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004338', 'descriptor_name': 'Drug Combinations', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005260', 'descriptor_name': 'Female', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007980', 'descriptor_name': 'Levodopa', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007980', 'descriptor_name': 'Levodopa', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000627', 'qualifier_name': 'therapeutic use', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010300', 'descriptor_name': 'Parkinson Disease', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010300', 'descriptor_name': 'Parkinson Disease', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000188', 'qualifier_name': 'drug therapy', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010300', 'descriptor_name': 'Parkinson Disease', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000175', 'qualifier_name': 'diagnosis', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011725', 'descriptor_name': 'Pyridines', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011725', 'descriptor_name': 'Pyridines', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019966', 'descriptor_name': 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000175', 'qualifier_name': 'diagnosis', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019966', 'descriptor_name': 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000188', 'qualifier_name': 'drug therapy', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019966', 'descriptor_name': 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013378', 'descriptor_name': 'Substantia Nigra', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013378', 'descriptor_name': 'Substantia Nigra', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.35.7.949', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S79704628', 'display_name': 'Neurology', 'issn_l': '0028-3878', 'issn': ['0028-3878', '1526-632X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'host_organization_name': 'Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'https://openalex.org/P4310318547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'Wolters Kluwer'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3874373', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.85, 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4290398965', 'https://openalex.org/W2434314084', 'https://openalex.org/W2413306820', 'https://openalex.org/W2053467442', 'https://openalex.org/W2024397203', 'https://openalex.org/W1991088298', 'https://openalex.org/W1985841738', 'https://openalex.org/W1965803528', 'https://openalex.org/W1936912164', 'https://openalex.org/W157756719'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Seven': [0], 'patients': [1, 26], 'developed': [2], 'chronic': [3], 'and': [4, 14], 'severe': [5], 'parkinsonism': [6], 'after': [7], 'repeatedly': [8], 'injecting': [9], '1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine': [10], '(MPTP)': [11], 'intravenously.': [12], 'Levodopa': [13], 'bromocriptine': [15], 'controlled': [16], 'the': [17, 24, 46, 54, 65], 'symptoms;': [18], 'however,': [19], 'within': [20], 'months,': [21], 'five': [22], 'of': [23, 49, 68], 'seven': [25], 'experienced': [27], 'dyskinesias': [28], 'or': [29], 'on-off': [30, 43], 'fluctuations.': [31], 'Therefore,': [32], 'neither': [33], 'prolonged': [34], 'levodopa': [35], 'treatment': [36], 'nor': [37], 'progressive': [38], 'disease': [39], 'was': [40], 'necessary': [41], 'for': [42], 'phenomena.': [44], 'Because': [45], 'neurotoxic': [47], 'effects': [48], 'MPTP': [50, 71], 'seem': [51], 'limited': [52], 'to': [53, 58], 'substantia': [55], 'nigra,': [56], 'damage': [57], 'this': [59], 'system': [60], 'alone': [61], 'may': [62], 'produce': [63], 'all': [64], 'motor': [66], 'features': [67], "Parkinson's": [69], 'disease.': [70], 'differs': [72], 'from': [73], 'other': [74], 'neurotoxins': [75], 'in': [76], 'that': [77], 'it': [78], 'consistently': [79], 'produces': [80], 'a': [81], 'pure': [82], 'parkinsonian': [83], 'state.': [84]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2085975745', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 16}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 24}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 16}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 20}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 18}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 12}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-10T23:45:33.665380', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}