Title: Acute alterations in left ventricular diastolic chamber stiffness. Role of the "erectile" effect of coronary arterial pressure and flow in normal and damaged hearts.
Abstract: HomeCirculation ResearchVol. 51, No. 4Acute alterations in left ventricular diastolic chamber stiffness. Role of the "erectile" effect of coronary arterial pressure and flow in normal and damaged hearts. Free AccessAbstractPDF/EPUBAboutView PDFSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload citationsTrack citationsPermissions ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InMendeleyReddit Jump toFree AccessAbstractPDF/EPUBAcute alterations in left ventricular diastolic chamber stiffness. Role of the "erectile" effect of coronary arterial pressure and flow in normal and damaged hearts. W M Vogel, C S Apstein, L L Briggs, W H Gaasch and J Ahn W M VogelW M Vogel , C S ApsteinC S Apstein , L L BriggsL L Briggs , W H GaaschW H Gaasch and J AhnJ Ahn Originally published1 Oct 1982https://doi.org/10.1161/01.RES.51.4.465Circulation Research. 1982;51:465–478 Previous Back to top Next FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited By Gharagozloo F, Meyer M, Atiquzzaman B, Maqsood K, Abukhadrah R, Rahal F, Baskar S, Tempesta B, Hallman-Quirk H, Ware A, Alabi F, Umeh F, Redan J and Gruessner S (2021) Robotic Anatomic and Physiologic Reconstruction of Paraesophageal Hiatal Hernias: Combining Lessons from a Century of Discovery and Controversy Robotic Surgery, 10.1007/978-3-030-53594-0_50, (621-657), . Bell V and Mitchell G (2015) Influence of Vascular Function and Pulsatile Hemodynamics on Cardiac Function, Current Hypertension Reports, 10.1007/s11906-015-0580-y, 17:9, Online publication date: 1-Sep-2015. Bell V, Sigurdsson S, Westenberg J, Gotal J, Torjesen A, Aspelund T, Launer L, Harris T, Gudnason V, de Roos A and Mitchell G (2015) Relations Between Aortic Stiffness and Left Ventricular Structure and Function in Older Participants in the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study, Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging, 8:4, Online publication date: 1-Apr-2015. Tanaka H, Chikamori T, Hida S, Igarashi Y, Shiba C, Usui Y, Hatano T and Yamashina A (2015) Diagnostic Value of Vasodilator-Induced Left Ventricular Dyssynchrony as Assessed by Phase Analysis to Detect Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease, Annals of Nuclear Cardiology, 10.17996/ANC.15001, 1:1, (6-17), . Jameel M, Hu Q, Zhang J and Qin G (2014) Myocytes Oxygenation and High Energy Phosphate Levels during Hypoxia, PLoS ONE, 10.1371/journal.pone.0101317, 9:9, (e101317) Weise L and Panfilov A (2012) Emergence of Spiral Wave Activity in a Mechanically Heterogeneous Reaction-Diffusion-Mechanics System, Physical Review Letters, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.228104, 108:22 Naoum C, Falk G, Ng A, Lu T, Ridley L, Ing A, Kritharides L and Yiannikas J (2011) Left Atrial Compression and the Mechanism of Exercise Impairment in Patients With a Large Hiatal Hernia, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 10.1016/j.jacc.2011.07.013, 58:15, (1624-1634), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2011. Park S, Shim C, Choi D, Lee J, Kim S, Choi E, Ha J and Chung N (2010) Coronary Sinus Obstruction by Primary Cardiac Lymphoma as a Cause of Dyspnea Due to Significant Diastolic Dysfunction and Elevated Filling Pressures, Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography, 10.1016/j.echo.2009.10.008, 23:6, (682.e5-682.e7), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2010. Yamamoto H, Yamamoto F and Ichikawa H (2009) Enhanced coronary vascular turgor effect on post-ischemic diastolic function in hypertrophied hearts, Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery, 10.1510/icvts.2009.203729, 9:4, (605-608), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2009., Online publication date: 1-Oct-2009. Ritman E (2008) Commentaries on Viewpoint: Is left ventricular volume during diastasis the real equilibrium volume, and what is its relationship to diastolic suction?, Journal of Applied Physiology, 10.1152/japplphysiol.zdg-8134-vpcomm.2008, 105:3, (1015-1016), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2008. Ohtaki Y, Chikamori T, Igarashi Y, Hida S, Tanaka H, Hatano T, Usui Y, Miyagi M and Yamashina A (2008) Differential effects comparing exercise and pharmacologic stress on left ventricular function using gated Tc-99m sestamibi SPECT, Annals of Nuclear Medicine, 10.1007/s12149-007-0106-z, 22:3, (185-190), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2008. Westerhof N, Boer C, Lamberts R and Sipkema P (2006) Cross-Talk Between Cardiac Muscle and Coronary Vasculature, Physiological Reviews, 10.1152/physrev.00029.2005, 86:4, (1263-1308), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2006. Uy R, Ross-Ascuitto N and Ascuitto R (2006) Recovery of the Chronically Hypoxic Young Rabbit Heart Reperfused Following No-Flow Ischemia, Pediatric Cardiology, 10.1007/s00246-005-1094-1, 27:1, (37-46), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2006. Nash M and Hunter P Computational Mechanics of the Heart Cardiovascular Soft Tissue Mechanics, 10.1007/0-306-48389-0_4, (113-141) Zhang J, From A, Ugurbil K and Bache R (2003) Myocardial oxygenation and high-energy phosphate levels during K ATP channel blockade , American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 10.1152/ajpheart.00167.2003, 285:4, (H1420-H1427), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2003. Irie H, Gao J, Gaudette G, Cohen I, Mathias R, Saltman A and Krukenkamp I (2003) Both Metabolic Inhibition and Mitochondrial KATP Channel Opening Are Myoprotective and Initiate a Compensatory Sarcolemmal Outward Membrane Current, Circulation, 108:10_suppl_1, (II-341-II-347), Online publication date: 9-Sep-2003. Beaucage P, Massicotte J, Boileau J and Dumont L (2003) Effects of First and Second Generation Calcium Channel Blockers on Diastolic Function of the Failing Hamster Heart: Relationship with Coronary Flow Changes, Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, 10.1097/00005344-200307000-00022, 42:1, (142-150), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2003. Varma N, Morgan J and Apstein C (2003) Mechanisms underlying ischemic diastolic dysfunction: relation between rigor, calcium homeostasis, and relaxation rate, American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 10.1152/ajpheart.00286.2002, 284:3, (H758-H771), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2003. Beaucage P, Massicotte J, Jasmin G and Dumont L (2002) Role of Nitric Oxide Synthase, Cytochrome P-450, and Cyclooxygenase in the Inotropic and Lusitropic Cardiac Response to Increased Coronary Perfusion, Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, 10.1097/00005344-200207000-00012, 40:1, (96-105), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2002. Berlin G, Challoner K and Woodson R (2002) Low-O 2 affinity erythrocytes improve performance of ischemic myocardium , Journal of Applied Physiology, 10.1152/japplphysiol.00194.2001, 92:3, (1267-1276), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2002. Consolini A, Marquez M and Ponce-Hornos J (2001) A comparison of no-flow and low-flow ischemia in the rat heart: an energetic study, Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 10.1139/y01-023, 79:7, (551-558), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2001. Leite-Moreira A and Correia-Pinto J (2001) Load as an acute determinant of end-diastolic pressure-volume relation, American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 10.1152/ajpheart.2001.280.1.H51, 280:1, (H51-H59), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2001. Lai T, Fallon J, Liu J, Mangion J, Gillam L, Waters D and Chen C (2000) Reversibility and Pathohistological Basis of Left Ventricular Remodeling in Hibernating Myocardium, Cardiovascular Pathology, 10.1016/S1054-8807(00)00052-1, 9:6, (323-335), Online publication date: 1-Nov-2000. Lauer B, Schannwell M, Kühl U, Strauer B and Schultheiss H (2000) Antimyosin autoantibodies are associated with deterioration of systolic and diastolic left ventricular function in patients with chronic myocarditis, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 10.1016/S0735-1097(99)00485-4, 35:1, (11-18), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2000. Remah H, Asanoi H, Joho S, Igawa A, Kameyama T, Nozawa T and Inoue H (1999) Modulation of left ventricular diastolic distensibility by collateral flow recruitment during balloon coronary occlusion, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 10.1016/S0735-1097(99)00243-0, 34:2, (500-506), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1999. Ascuitto R, Joyce J and Ross-Ascuitto N (1999) Mechanical Function and Substrate Oxidation in the Neonatal Pig Heart Subjected to Pacing-Induced Tachycardia, Molecular Genetics and Metabolism, 10.1006/mgme.1998.2791, 66:3, (212-223), Online publication date: 1-Mar-1999. Kelley S, Malekan R, Gorman J, Jackson B, Gorman R, Suzuki Y, Plappert T, Bogen D, Sutton M and Edmunds L (1999) Restraining Infarct Expansion Preserves Left Ventricular Geometry and Function After Acute Anteroapical Infarction, Circulation, 99:1, (135-142), Online publication date: 12-Jan-1999. Summerour S, Emery J, Fazeli B, Omens J and McCulloch A (1998) Residual Strain in Ischemic Ventricular Myocardium, Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 10.1115/1.2834883, 120:6, (710-714), Online publication date: 1-Dec-1998. Osaki J, Haneda T, Kashiwagi Y, Oi S, Fukuzawa J, Sakai H and Kikuchi K (1998) Pressure-induced expression of heat shock protein 70 mRNA in adult rat heart is coupled both to protein kinase A-dependent and protein kinase C-dependent systems, Journal of Hypertension, 10.1097/00004872-199816080-00013, 16:8, (1193-1200), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1998. Magga J, Mäkinen M, Romppanen H, Vuolteenaho O, Tokola H, Marttila M and Ruskoaho H (1998) Coronary pressure as a determinant of B-type natriuretic peptide gene expression in isolated perfused adult rat heart, Life Sciences, 10.1016/S0024-3205(98)00362-2, 63:12, (1005-1015), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1998. Lindhardt T, Kelbæk H, Madsen J, Saunamäki K, Clemmensen P, Hesse B and Gadsbøll N (1998) Continuous Monitoring of Global Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction During Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty 11This study was supported by the Danish Heart Foundation, Copenhagen, Denmark; and the Laerdal Foundation for Acute Medicine, Stavanger, Norway., The American Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/S0002-9149(98)00005-8, 81:7, (853-859), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1998. May-Newman K and McCulloch A (1998) Homogenization modeling for the mechanics of perfused myocardium, Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, 10.1016/S0079-6107(98)00020-0, 69:2-3, (463-481), Online publication date: 1-Mar-1998. Argenziano M, Dean D, Moazami N, Goldstein D, Rose E, Spotnitz H, Burkhoff D, Oz M and Dickstein M (1998) Inhaled Nitric Oxide Is Not A Myocardial Depressant In A Porcine Model Of Heart Failure, The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 10.1016/S0022-5223(98)70336-8, 115:3, (700-708), Online publication date: 1-Mar-1998. Kameyama T, Chen Z, Bell S, Fabian J and Lewinter M (1998) Mechanoenergetic studies in isolated mouse hearts, American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 10.1152/ajpheart.1998.274.1.H366, 274:1, (H366-H374), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1998. Higuchi M, Miyagi K and Sakanashi M Underperfusion Injury in Diabetic Rat Hearts: Effects of Norepinephrine and/or Insulin on Stiffness Increase and Abnormal Energy Metabolism The Ischemic Heart, 10.1007/978-0-585-39844-0_38, (473-500) Marsch S (1997) Physiology of left ventricular diastolic function, Baillière's Clinical Anaesthesiology, 10.1016/S0950-3501(97)80049-9, 11:4, (705-730), Online publication date: 1-Dec-1997. Scheel K, Manor D and Bryant K (1997) Influences of Coronary Venous Pressures on Left-Ventricular Function Cardiac-Vascular Remodeling and Functional Interaction, 10.1007/978-4-431-67041-4_26, (333-350), . Kass D (1997) Extrinsic Versus Intrinsic Determinants of the Diastolic Pressure—Volume Relation Cardiac-Vascular Remodeling and Functional Interaction, 10.1007/978-4-431-67041-4_12, (143-162), . Merati G, Allibardi S, Marrazza G, Mascini M and Samaja M (1997) Myocardial Adaptation to Acute Oxygen Shortage Oxygen Transport to Tissue XVIII, 10.1007/978-1-4615-5865-1_16, (129-134), . Miura T, Hiramatsu T, Forbess J and Mayer J (1995) Effects of Elevated Coronary Sinus Pressure on Coronary Blood Flow and Left Ventricular Function , Circulation, 92:9, (298-303), Online publication date: 1-Nov-1995. Kupriyanov V, St Jean M, Xiang B, Butler K and Deslauriers R (1995) Protective effect of amiloride during hypothermic hyperkalemic preservation: A 31P NMR study in isolated pig hearts, Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, 10.1016/S0022-2828(95)91623-7, 27:10, (2237-2248), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1995. Nussbacher A, Ariê S, Kalil R, Horta P, Feldman M, Bellotti G, Pileggi F, Ellis M, Johnson W, Camarano G and Kass D (1995) Mechanism of Adenosine-Induced Elevation of Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure in Humans, Circulation, 92:3, (371-379), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1995. Tanguary H, Jasmin G, Blaise G and Dumont L (1995) Resistance of the failing dystrophic hamster heart to the cardioprotective effects of diltiazem and clentiazem: evidence of coronary vascular dysfunctions, Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 10.1139/y95-158, 73:8, (1108-1117), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1995. Aksut S, Pancholy S, Cassel D, Cave V, Heo J and Iskandrian A (1995) Results of adenosine single photon emission computed tomography thallium-201 imaging in hemodynamic nonresponders, American Heart Journal, 10.1016/0002-8703(95)90237-6, 130:1, (67-70), Online publication date: 1-Jul-1995. Takano H and Glantz S (1995) Left Ventricular Contractility Predicts How the End-Diastolic Pressure-Volume Relation Shifts During Pacing-Induced Ischemia in Dogs, Circulation, 91:9, (2423-2434), Online publication date: 1-May-1995. Semigran M, Cockrill B, Kacmarek R, Thompson B, Zapol W, Dec G and Fifer M (1994) Hemodynamic effects of inhaled nitric oxide in heart failure, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 10.1016/0735-1097(94)90859-1, 24:4, (982-988), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1994. May-Newman K, Omens J, Pavelec R and McCulloch A (1994) Three-dimensional transmural mechanical interaction between the coronary vasculature and passive myocardium in the dog., Circulation Research, 74:6, (1166-1178), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1994. McLaughlin D, Beller G, Linden J, Ayers C, Ripley M, Taylor H, Watson D and Feldman M (1994) Hemodynamic and metabolic correlates of dipyridamole-induced myocardial thallium-201 perfusion abnormalities in multivessel coronary artery disease, The American Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/0002-9149(94)90174-0, 73:16, (1159-1164), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1994. Gupta K, Ratcliffe M, Fallert M, Edmunds L and Bogen D (1994) Changes in passive mechanical stiffness of myocardial tissue with aneurysm formation., Circulation, 89:5, (2315-2326), Online publication date: 1-May-1994. Mahmarian J and Verani M (1994) Myocardial Perfusion Imaging During Pharmacologic Stress Testing, Cardiology Clinics, 10.1016/S0733-8651(18)30107-3, 12:2, (223-245), Online publication date: 1-May-1994. de Albuquerque C, Gerstenblith G and Weiss R (1994) Importance of metabolic inhibition and cellular pH in mediating preconditioning contractile and metabolic effects in rat hearts., Circulation Research, 74:1, (139-150), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1994. Simpson D, Carver W, Borg T and Terracio L (1994) Role of Mechanical Stimulation in the Establishment and Maintenance of Muscle Cell Differentiation Mechanical Engineering of the Cytoskeleton in Developmental Biology, 10.1016/S0074-7696(08)61537-5, (69-94), . Kusuoka H, Koretsune Y, Corretti M and Marban E (1994) Mechanism of Early Contractile Failure During Ischemia Cardiac Adaptation and Failure, 10.1007/978-4-431-67014-8_6, (71-84), . Goto Y (1994) Cardiac Contractility and Oxygen Consumption Under Altered Coronary Perfusion Cardiac Adaptation and Failure, 10.1007/978-4-431-67014-8_1, (3-19), . Morgan J, Harada K, Meissner A, Williams C, Carrozza J, Bentivegna L, Kihara Y and Grossman W (1994) Effects of Hypoxia and Ischemia on Intracellular Calcium and Relaxation: Studies in the Aequorin-Loaded Whole Heart Model Diastolic Relaxation of the Heart, 10.1007/978-1-4615-2594-3_13, (111-123), . Sagie A, Benjamin E, Galderisi M, Larson M, Evans J, Fuller D, Lehman B and Levy D (1993) Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular structure and diastolic filling in elderly subjects with borderline isolated systolic hypertension (the Framingham Heart Study), The American Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/0002-9149(93)90881-C, 72:9, (662-665), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1993. Picard M, Wilkins G, Ray P and Weyman A (1993) Long-term effects of acute thrombolytic therapy on ventricular size and function, American Heart Journal, 10.1016/S0002-8703(07)80003-2, 126:1, (1-10), Online publication date: 1-Jul-1993. Galanti G, Comeglio M, Vinci M, Cappelli B, Vono M, Bamoshmoosh M and Galanti G (2016) Echocardiographic Doppler Evaluation of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function in Athletes' Hypertrophied Hearts, Angiology, 10.1177/000331979304400501, 44:5, (341-346), Online publication date: 1-May-1993. Harding D, Smith G, Metcalfe J, Morris P and Kirschenlohr H (1993) Resting and end-diastolic [Ca2+]i measurements in the langendorff-perfused ferret heart loaded with a19F NMR indicator, Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 10.1002/mrm.1910290505, 29:5, (605-615), Online publication date: 1-May-1993. Schunkert H, Jackson B, Tang S, Schoen F, Smits J, Apstein C and Lorell B (1993) Distribution and functional significance of cardiac angiotensin converting enzyme in hypertrophied rat hearts., Circulation, 87:4, (1328-1339), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1993. Kralios A, Anderson F and Kralios F (1993) Protective effect of coronary sinus obstruction from primary ischemia-induced ventricular fibrillation in the dog, American Heart Journal, 10.1016/0002-8703(93)90105-I, 125:4, (987-995), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1993. Yamamoto H and Avkiran M (1993) Left ventricular pressure overload during postnatal development, The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 10.1016/S0022-5223(19)33856-5, 105:1, (120-131), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1993. Mosca S, Gelpi R and Cingolani H (1993) Dissociation between myocardial relaxation and diastolic stiffness in the stunned heart: its prevention by ischemic preconditioning, Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 10.1007/BF00926365, 129:2, (171-178), . Schipke J, Stocks I, Sunderdiek U and Arnold G (1993) Effect of changes in aortic pressure and in coronary arterial pressure on left ventricular geometry and function Anrep vs. gardenhose effect, Basic Research in Cardiology, 10.1007/BF00788879, 88:6, (621-637), . Ogilby J, Iskandrian A, Untereker W, Heo J, Nguyen T and Mercuro J (1992) Effect of intravenous adenosine infusion on myocardial perfusion and function. Hemodynamic/angiographic and scintigraphic study., Circulation, 86:3, (887-895), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1992.Verani M (1992) The adenosine saga: one more piece of the puzzle. But does it cause wall motion abnormalities?, Circulation, 86:3, (1038-1040), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1992. Konishi T, Nakamura Y, Kato I and Kawai C (1992) Dependence of peak and mean ejection rate on load and effect of inotropic agents on the relationship between peak and left ventricular developed pressure — assessed in the isolated working rat heart and cardiac muscles, International Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/0167-5273(92)90231-Q, 35:3, (333-341), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1992. Takasago T, Goto Y, Futaki S, Ohgoshi Y, Yaku H, Kawaguchi O, Hata K, Saeki A, Taylor T, Nishioka T and Suga H (1992) Ejecting volume, filling volume and stroke volume gains: New indexes of inotropism and lusitropism, Heart and Vessels, 10.1007/BF01744450, 7:2, (57-65), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1992. du Toit E and Opie L (1992) Modulation of severity of reperfusion stunning in the isolated rat heart by agents altering calcium flux at onset of reperfusion., Circulation Research, 70:5, (960-967), Online publication date: 1-May-1992. Bates E (1992) Is Survival in Acute Myocardial Infarction Related to Thrombolytic Efficacy or the Open-Artery Hypothesis?, Chest, 10.1378/chest.101.4_Supplement.140S, 101:4, (140S-150S), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1992. Bersin R (1992) Effects of Sodium Bicarbonate on Myocardial Metabolism and Circulatory Function during Hypoxia Hypoxia, Metabolic Acidosis, and the Circulation, 10.1007/978-1-4614-7542-2_8, (139-174), . Apstein C (1992) Effects of Ischemia, Hypoxia, and Acidosis on Cardiac Systolic and Diastolic Function, and Glycolytic Metabolism in Normal and Hypertrophied Hearts Hypoxia, Metabolic Acidosis, and the Circulation, 10.1007/978-1-4614-7542-2_4, (45-81), . Taylor M and Vetrovec G (1992) Angioplasty of a totally occluded right coronary artery, Catheterization and Cardiovascular Diagnosis, 10.1002/ccd.1810250113, 25:1, (61-65), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1992. Farhi E, Canty J and Klocke F (1991) Dissociation of diastolic pressure-segment length and pressure-wall thickness relations during vasodilation in the conscious dog, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 10.1016/0735-1097(91)90812-N, 18:3, (850-857), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1991. Yoshikawa T, Miyazaki T, Akaishi M, Ohnishi S, Handa S and Nakamura Y (1991) Diastolic pressure-volume relationship during handgrip exercise in patients with coronary artery disease, Clinical Cardiology, 10.1002/clc.4960140909, 14:9, (743-748), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1991. Keller A, Cannon P and Wolny A (1991) Effect of graded reductions of coronary pressure and flow on myocardial metabolism and performance: A model of "hibernating" myocardium, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 10.1016/0735-1097(91)90662-S, 17:7, (1661-1670), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1991. Haleen S, Weishaar R, Overhiser R, Bousley R, Keiser J, Rapundalo S and Taylor D (1991) Effects of quinapril, a new angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, on left ventricular failure and survival in the cardiomyopathic hamster. Hemodynamic, morphological, and biochemical correlates., Circulation Research, 68:5, (1302-1312), Online publication date: 1-May-1991. Takahashi T, Levine M and Grossman W (1991) Regional diastolic mechanics of ischemic and nonischemic myocardium in the pig heart, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 10.1016/0735-1097(91)90855-4, 17:5, (1203-1212), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1991. Goto Y, Slinker B and LeWinter M (1991) Effect of coronary hyperemia on Emax and oxygen consumption in blood-perfused rabbit hearts. Energetic consequences of Gregg's phenomenon., Circulation Research, 68:2, (482-492), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1991.Applegate R (1991) Load dependence of left ventricular diastolic pressure-volume relations during short-term coronary artery occlusion., Circulation, 83:2, (661-673), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1991. Higuchi M, Ikema S, Matsuzaki T, Hirayama K and Sakanashi M (1991) Effects of norepinephrine on hypoperfusion-reperfusion injuries in hearts isolated from normal and diabetic rats, Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, 10.1016/0022-2828(91)90101-Q, 23:2, (137-148), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1991. Koretsune Y, Corretti M, Kusuoka H and Marban E (1991) Mechanism of early ischemic contractile failure. Inexcitability, metabolite accumulation, or vascular collapse?, Circulation Research, 68:1, (255-262), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1991. Huyghe J, van Campen D, Arts T and Heethaar R (1991) A two-phase finite element model of the diastolic left ventricle, Journal of Biomechanics, 10.1016/0021-9290(91)90286-V, 24:7, (527-538), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1991. Goto Y and Suga H (1991) Left Ventricular Regional Mechanics and Energetics Assessed in the Wall Tension-Regional Area Diagram Recent Progress in Failing Heart Syndrome, 10.1007/978-4-431-67955-4_5, (117-150), . McCulloch A and Omens J (1991) Factors Affecting the Regional Mechanics of the Diastolic Heart Theory of Heart, 10.1007/978-1-4612-3118-9_5, (87-119), . Watanabe J, Levine M, Bellotto F, Johnson R and Grossman W (1990) Effects of coronary venous pressure on left ventricular diastolic distensibility., Circulation Research, 67:4, (923-932), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1990. Opie L (1990) Myocardial ischemia?Metabolic pathways and implications of increased glycolysis, Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy, 10.1007/BF00051275, 4:S4, (777-790), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1990. Yamakawa T, Miyauchi Y and Nishi K (1990) Effects of Pyridoxalated Hemoglobin Polyoxyethylene Conjugate and Stroma-Free Hemoglobin on Cardiac Function in Isolated Rat Heart, Artificial Organs, 10.1111/j.1525-1594.1990.tb02959.x, 14:3, (208-217), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1990. Applegate R, Walsh R and O'Rourke R (1990) Comparative effects of pacing-induced and flow-limited ischemia on left ventricular function., Circulation, 81:4, (1380-1392), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1990. Zile M and Gaasch W (1990) Mechanical loads and the isovolumic and filling indices of left ventricular relaxation, Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 10.1016/0033-0620(90)90020-3, 32:5, (333-346), Online publication date: 1-Mar-1990. Yamakado T, Okano H, Higashiyama S, Hamada M, Nakano T and Takezawa H (1990) Effects of nifedipine on left ventricular diastolic function in patients with asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy., Circulation, 81:2, (593-601), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1990. Opie L (1990) Myokardstoffwechsel bei Ischämie Pathophysiologie und rationale Pharmakotherapie der Myokardischämie, 10.1007/978-3-642-72437-4_3, (39-62), . Opie L (1990) Myocardial Metabolism in Ischemia Pathophysiology and Rational Pharmacotherapy of Myocardial Ischemia, 10.1007/978-3-642-54133-9_3, (37-57), . Huyghe J, Arts T, van Campen D and Reneman R (1990) Stiffening of the Cardiac Wall by Coronary Blood Volume Increase: A Finite Element Simulation Biomechanical Transport Processes, 10.1007/978-1-4757-1511-8_4, (23-30), . Farhi E, Canty J and Klocke F (1989) Effects of graded reductions in coronary perfusion pressure on the diastolic pressure-segment length relation and the rate of isovolumic relaxation in the resting conscious dog., Circulation, 80:5, (1458-1468), Online publication date: 1-Nov-1989.Blaustein A, Deneke S, Stolz R, Baxter D, Healey N and Fanburg B (1989) Myocardial glutathione depletion impairs recovery after short periods of ischemia., Circulation, 80:5, (1449-1457), Online publication date: 1-Nov-1989.Kihara Y, Grossman W and Morgan J (1989) Direct measurement of changes in intracellular calcium transients during hypoxia, ischemia, and reperfusion of the intact mammalian heart., Circulation Research, 65:4, (1029-1044), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1989. Bittl J, Bhatia S, Plappert T, Ganz P, Sutton M and Selwyn A (1989) Peak left ventricular pressure during percutaneous aortic balloon valvuloplasty: Clinical and echocardiographic correlations, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 10.1016/0735-1097(89)90063-6, 14:1, (135-142), Online publication date: 1-Jul-1989. Wexler L, Grice W, Huntington M, Plehn J and Apstein C (1989) Coronary hypertension and diastolic compliance in isolated rabbit hearts., Hypertension, 13:6_pt_1, (598-606), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1989.Gilbert J and Glantz S (1989) Determinants of left ventricular filling and of the diastolic pressure-volume relation., Circulation Research, 64:5, (827-852), Online publication date: 1-May-1989.Lorell B, Grice W and Apstein C (1989) Influence of hypertension with minimal hypertrophy on diastolic function during demand ischemia., Hypertension, 13:4, (361-370), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1989. Sys S and Brutsaert D (1989) Is stiffness increased during ischemia?, The American Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/0002-9149(89)90236-1, 63:10, (E83-E86), Online publication date: 1-Mar-1989. de Bruyne B, Lerch R, Meier B, Schlaepfer H, Gabathuler J and Rutishauser W (1989) Doppler assessment of left ventricular diastolic filling during brief coronary occlusion, American Heart Journal, 10.1016/0002-8703(89)90738-2, 117:3, (629-635), Online publication date: 1-Mar-1989. Wyman R, Farhi E, Bing O, Johnson R, Weintraub R and Grossman W (1989) Comparative effects of hypoxia and ischemia in the isolated, blood-perfused dog heart: evaluation of left ventricular diastolic chamber distensibility and wall thickness., Circulation Research, 10.1161/01.RES.64.1.121, 64:1, (121-128), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1989. NISHIMURA R, HOUSMANS P, HATLE L and TAJIK A (1989) Assessment of Diastolic Function of the Heart: Background and Current Applications of Doppler Echocardiography. Part I. Physiologic and Pathophysiologic Features, Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 10.1016/S0025-6196(12)65305-1, 64:1, (71-81), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1989. Kehrer J and Starness J (1989) Models and markers used to study cardiac reperfusion injury, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 10.1016/0163-7258(89)90094-6, 44:1, (123-145), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1989. APSTEIN C and LORELL B (1988) The Physiological Basis of Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction, Journal of Cardiac Surgery, 10.1111/j.1540-8191.1988.tb00440.x, 3:4, (475-485), Online publication date: 1-Dec-1988. Zhao M, Franzen D and Eng C (1988) The effect of coronary arterial pressure on myocardial distensibility. Absence of a "garden hose" effect during in-vivo conditions, Basic Research in Cardiology, 10.1007/BF01906957, 83:6, (626-633), Online publication date: 1-Nov-1988. Watters T, Bouchard A, Wu S, Parmley W and Wikman-Coffelt J (1988) Hydrodynamics in the heart modulates work, Heart and Vessels, 10.1007/BF02058424, 4:3, (128-135), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1988. Lorell B, Isoyama S, Grice W, Weinberg E and Apstein C (1988) Effects of ouabain and isoproterenol on left ventricular diastolic function during low-flow isch