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478, 495, 529, 609], 'removal': [241, 337, 361, 408, 479, 493, 527, 753, 788], '1.': [242], 'IntroductionCopper': [243], 'is': [244, 343, 460, 513, 725, 910], 'common': [246], 'pollutant': [247], 'in': [248, 256, 296, 501, 701, 854, 896], 'water': [249, 262, 298, 318, 341, 410, 531], 'sources': [250, 342], 'due': [251, 388], 'its': [253, 390], 'extensive': [254], 'use': [255], 'various': [257], 'industries.': [258], 'When': [259], 'enters': [261], 'bodies,': [263], 'it': [264, 332], 'can': [265, 277, 299, 314, 448, 472, 613], 'negatively': [266], 'impact': [267], 'aquatic': [268], 'life': [269], 'human': [271, 350], 'health.': [272], 'High': [273], 'concentrations': [274], 'damage': [278], 'gills,': [280], 'scales,': [281], 'reproductive': [283], 'organs': [284], 'fish,': [286], 'impairing': [287], 'their': [288, 435], 'ability': [289], 'survive': [291], 'reproduce.': [293], 'contamination': [295], 'drinking': [297], 'cause': [300], 'health': [301, 351], 'issues': [302], 'such': [303, 425, 464], 'as': [304, 402, 426, 465, 615, 1066], 'stomach': [305], 'cramps,': [306], 'nausea,': [307], 'liver': [309], 'kidney': [311], 'damage.': [312], 'also': [315], 'react': [316], 'form': [320], 'compounds': [321], 'that': [322], 'alter': [323], 'color,': [325], 'taste,': [326], 'odor': [328], 'water,': [330, 365, 497], 'making': [331], 'aesthetically': [333], 'unappealing.': [334], 'Therefore,': [335], 'effective': [336, 404], 'critical': [344], 'protection': [347], 'both': [349], 'environment.': [354], 'Several': [355], 'methods': [356], 'are': [357, 857, 1064], 'available': [358], 'including': [366], 'chemical': [367, 577], 'precipitation,': [368], 'ion': [369], 'exchange,': [370], 'adsorption,': [371], 'membrane': [373, 757], 'filtration': [374], '[1,2,3].': [375], 'Among': [376], 'these': [377], 'methods,': [378, 890], 'adsorption': [379, 437, 458, 586, 610], 'using': [380, 557, 596], 'polymer': [381, 396, 483, 522, 604], 'composite': [382, 397, 431, 440, 484, 523, 542, 589], 'beads': [383, 398, 413, 441, 485, 524, 543, 591, 606, 781], 'has': [384], 'gained': [385], 'significant': [386], 'attention': [387], 'effectiveness,': [391], 'simplicity,': [392], 'cost-efficiency.': [394], 'Alginate-based': [395], 'have': [399, 442, 663], 'been': [400], 'developed': [401], 'an': [403, 547, 783, 911], 'method': [405], 'sources.': [411, 532], 'These': [412], 'consist': [414], 'alginate,': [416], 'biopolymer': [418], 'derived': [419], 'seaweed,': [421], 'other': [423], 'materials': [424, 617], 'chitosan': [427], 'or': [428, 884, 892], 'activated': [429], 'carbon,': [430], 'inorganic–organic,': [432], 'which': [433], 'enhance': [434], 'capabilities.': [438], 'The': [439, 457, 507, 585, 848], 'high': [444], 'surface': [445], 'area': [446], 'easily': [450], 'regenerated': [451], 'multiple': [453], 'cycles': [454], 'use.': [456], 'process': [459], 'dependent': [461], 'on': [462], 'factors': [463], 'pH,': [466], 'temperature,': [467], 'contact': [469], 'time,': [470], 'optimized': [474], 'achieve': [476], 'maximum': [477], 'efficiency.': [480], 'Overall,': [481], 'alginate-based': [482, 521], 'offer': [486], 'promising': [488, 616], 'solution': [489], 'efficient': [492, 548], 'potential': [499], 'applications': [500], 'wastewater': [502], 'treatment': [503], 'environmental': [505, 619], 'remediation.': [506, 620], 'main': [508], 'purpose': [509], 'work': [512, 674], 'develop': [515], 'evaluate': [517, 575], 'efficacy': [519], '2.': [533], 'MethodIn': [536], 'this': [537, 729], 'study,': [538], 'inorganic–organic': [541], 'were': [544, 555, 572], 'synthesized': [545], 'through': [546, 685], 'innovative': [550], 'process.': [551], '3.': [552], 'ResultsPhysical': [553], 'experiments': [554], 'performed': [556], 'X-Ray': [558], 'Diffraction': [559], '(XRD).': [560], 'In': [561], 'addition,': [562], 'Fourier-Transform': [563], 'Infrared': [564], 'Spectroscopy': [565, 599], '(FTIR)': [566], 'Thermal': [568], 'Gravimetric': [569], 'Analysis': [570], '(TGA)': [571], 'used': [573], 'composition': [578], 'thermal': [580], 'properties': [581], 'adsorbents.': [584], 'capacity': [587], 'polymeric': [590], 'was': [592, 675], 'determined': [593], 'analyzed': [595], 'Atomic': [597], 'Absorption': [598], '(AAS).': [600], '4.': [601], 'ConclusionsThe': [602], 'new': [603], 'biocomposite': [605], 'exhibited': [607], 'outstanding': [608], 'capabilities': [611], 'serve': [614], 'Author': [621], 'ContributionsConceptualization,': [622], 'A.-L.C.': [623, 660], 'T.-V.I.;': [625, 655], 'methodology,': [626], 'A.M.': [627, 645], 'A.-L.C.;': [629, 647, 657], 'validation,': [630], 'A.J.M.V.,': [631], 'A.-L.C.,': [632], 'T.-V.I.': [633], 'A.S.;': [635], 'formal': [636], 'analysis,': [637], 'S.D.,': [638], 'A.-M.G.,': [639], 'A.Z.,': [640], 'E.B.': [641], 'T.S.;': [643], 'investigation,': [644], 'writing—original': [648], 'draft': [649], 'preparation,': [650], 'A.M.;': [651], 'writing—review': [652], 'editing,': [654], 'supervision,': [656], 'project': 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867], 'applicable': [727], 'abstract.Conflicts': [730], 'InterestThe': [732], 'declare': [734], 'no': [735], 'conflict': [736], 'interest.ReferencesAbdullah,': [738], 'N.;': [739, 741, 815], 'Yusof,': [740], 'Lau,': [742], 'W.J.;': [743], 'Jaafar,': [744], 'J.;': [745, 809], 'Ismail,': [746], 'A.F.': [747], 'Recent': [748], 'trends': [749], 'heavy': [751, 790], 'metal': [752, 794], 'water/wastewater': [755], 'technologies.': [758], 'Ind.': [760], 'Eng.': [761], 'Chem.': [762, 840], '2019,': [763, 842], '76,': [764], '17–38.': [765], '[Google': [766, 805, 845], 'Scholar]': [767], '[CrossRef]Rui,': [768], 'M.P.S.;': [769], 'Joao,': [770], 'P.H.M.;': [771], 'Joaquim,': [772], 'R.C.R.;': [773], 'Ricardo,': [774], 'J.L.L.': [775], 'A': [776, 801], 'comparative': [777], 'study': [778], 'ion-exchange': [784], 'resin': [785], 'metals': [791], 'plating': [795], 'effluent.': [796], 'Environ.': [798], 'Sci.': [799], 'Health': [800], '2008,': [802], '43,': [803], '1311–1317.': [804], 'Scholar]Jamshaid,': [806], 'A.;': [807, 811, 817, 938, 944, 948], 'Iqbal,': [808], 'Hamid,': [810], 'Ghauri,': [812], 'M.;': [813], 'Muhammad,': [814], 'Nasrullah,': [816], 'Rafiq,': [818], 'S.;': [819, 940], 'Shah,': [820], 'N.S.': [821], 'Fabrication': [822], 'Evaluation': [824], 'Cellulose-Alginate-Hydroxyapatite': [826], 'Heavy': [832], 'Metal': [833], 'Ions': [834], 'Aqueous': [836], 'Solutions.': [837], 'Int.': [838], 'Phys.': [841], '233,': [843], '1351–1375.': [844], "Scholar]Disclaimer/Publisher's": [846], 'Note:': [847], 'statements,': [849], 'opinions': [850], 'data': [852], 'contained': [853], 'all': [855], 'publications': [856], 'solely': [858], 'those': [859], 'individual': [862], 'author(s)': [863], 'contributor(s)': [865], 'MDPI': [869, 873, 933], 'and/or': [870, 874], 'editor(s).': [872], 'editor(s)': [876], 'disclaim': [877], 'responsibility': [878], 'any': [880, 888], 'injury': [881], 'people': [883], 'property': [885], 'resulting': [886], 'ideas,': [889], 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