Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W4322488652', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1186/s40069-022-00576-y', 'title': 'Macrocell Corrosion Currents in Simulated Concrete Pore Solution and Reinforced Concrete', 'display_name': 'Macrocell Corrosion Currents in Simulated Concrete Pore Solution and Reinforced Concrete', 'publication_year': 2023, 'publication_date': '2023-02-28', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W4322488652', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1186/s40069-022-00576-y'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1186/s40069-022-00576-y', 'pdf_url': 'https://ijcsm.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40069-022-00576-y', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S176808670', 'display_name': 'International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials', 'issn_l': '1976-0485', 'issn': ['1976-0485', '2234-1315'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'gold', 'oa_url': 'https://ijcsm.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40069-022-00576-y', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5010473243', 'display_name': 'Josep Ramon Lliso-Ferrando', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2457-9024'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I60053951', 'display_name': 'Universitat Politècnica de València', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01460j859', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I60053951']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Josep Ramon Lliso-Ferrando', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Research Institute for Molecular Recognition and Technological Development (IDM), Electrochemistry Laboratory, 1B-ETSIE, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, s/n., 46022, Valencia, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Research Institute for Molecular Recognition and Technological Development (IDM), Electrochemistry Laboratory, 1B-ETSIE, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, s/n., 46022, Valencia, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I60053951']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5062802066', 'display_name': 'Isabel Gasch', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7036-4481'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I60053951', 'display_name': 'Universitat Politècnica de València', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01460j859', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I60053951']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Isabel Gasch', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Research Institute for Molecular Recognition and Technological Development (IDM), Electrochemistry Laboratory, 1B-ETSIE, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, s/n., 46022, Valencia, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Research Institute for Molecular Recognition and Technological Development (IDM), Electrochemistry Laboratory, 1B-ETSIE, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, s/n., 46022, Valencia, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I60053951']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5015066921', 'display_name': 'Ana Martínez-Ibernón', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2136-5650'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I60053951', 'display_name': 'Universitat Politècnica de València', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01460j859', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I60053951']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Ana Martínez-Ibernón', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Research Institute for Molecular Recognition and Technological Development (IDM), Electrochemistry Laboratory, 1B-ETSIE, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, s/n., 46022, Valencia, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Research Institute for Molecular Recognition and Technological Development (IDM), Electrochemistry Laboratory, 1B-ETSIE, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, s/n., 46022, Valencia, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I60053951']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5090514005', 'display_name': 'M. Valcuende', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9967-1554'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I60053951', 'display_name': 'Universitat Politècnica de València', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01460j859', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I60053951']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Manuel Valcuende', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Architectural Constructions, School of Architecture, Electrochemistry Laboratory, 1B-ETSIE, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, s/n., 46022, Valencia, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Architectural Constructions, School of Architecture, Electrochemistry Laboratory, 1B-ETSIE, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, s/n., 46022, Valencia, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I60053951']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5010473243'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I60053951'], 'apc_list': {'value': 1190, 'currency': 'GBP', 'value_usd': 1459, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 1190, 'currency': 'GBP', 'value_usd': 1459, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 1.258, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 5, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999959, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 90, 'max': 92}, 'biblio': {'volume': '17', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11850', 'display_name': 'Concrete Corrosion and Durability', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2205', 'display_name': 'Civil and Structural Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11850', 'display_name': 'Concrete Corrosion and Durability', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2205', 'display_name': 'Civil and Structural Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12682', 'display_name': 'Smart Materials for Construction', 'score': 0.999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2310', 'display_name': 'Pollution'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10033', 'display_name': 'Concrete and Cement Materials Research', 'score': 0.9988, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2205', 'display_name': 'Civil and Structural Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/macrocell', 'display_name': 'Macrocell', 'score': 0.9865294}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/rebar', 'display_name': 'Rebar', 'score': 0.8732661}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/limiting', 'display_name': 'Limiting', 'score': 0.5146943}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-material', 'display_name': 'Structural material', 'score': 0.4594006}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/limiting-current', 'display_name': 'Limiting current', 'score': 0.4416001}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778291847', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1163937', 'display_name': 'Macrocell', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.9865294}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778664469', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150425', 'display_name': 'Rebar', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8732661}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C20625102', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q137056', 'display_name': 'Corrosion', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.783134}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C49110097', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175233', 'display_name': 'Cathode', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6474032}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C192562407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736', 'display_name': 'Materials science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.6396903}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2988805333', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184190', 'display_name': 'Reinforced concrete', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6146016}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778695967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44791900', 'display_name': 'Chloride', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5873094}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C89395315', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181232', 'display_name': 'Anode', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.57997525}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C188198153', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840', 'display_name': 'Limiting', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5146943}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159985019', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790', 'display_name': 'Composite material', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.47980526}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C148043351', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944', 'display_name': 'Current (fluid)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47691533}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C200070095', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1297687', 'display_name': 'Structural material', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4594006}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C205871581', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15152527', 'display_name': 'Cathodic protection', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.45895582}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C57156300', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5434687', 'display_name': 'Limiting current', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.4416001}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C66938386', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538', 'display_name': 'Structural engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4088441}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C191897082', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467', 'display_name': 'Metallurgy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.31333482}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.26619145}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17525397', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140', 'display_name': 'Electrode', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.24061373}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C119599485', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035', 'display_name': 'Electrical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.20116666}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.16928235}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C52859227', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7877', 'display_name': 'Electrochemistry', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.16892496}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.15205386}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C78519656', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333', 'display_name': 'Mechanical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.123476}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C76155785', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418', 'display_name': 'Telecommunications', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.06925252}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C147789679', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372', 'display_name': 'Physical chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C68649174', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116', 'display_name': 'Base station', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1186/s40069-022-00576-y', 'pdf_url': 'https://ijcsm.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40069-022-00576-y', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S176808670', 'display_name': 'International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials', 'issn_l': '1976-0485', 'issn': ['1976-0485', '2234-1315'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1186/s40069-022-00576-y', 'pdf_url': 'https://ijcsm.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40069-022-00576-y', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S176808670', 'display_name': 'International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials', 'issn_l': '1976-0485', 'issn': ['1976-0485', '2234-1315'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Sustainable cities and communities', 'score': 0.73, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11'}], 'grants': [{'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320315062', 'funder_display_name': 'Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades', 'award_id': 'PID2020-119744RB-C21'}], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 73, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1963778337', 'https://openalex.org/W1969863155', 'https://openalex.org/W1971696672', 'https://openalex.org/W1973571560', 'https://openalex.org/W1975503866', 'https://openalex.org/W1984696760', 'https://openalex.org/W1985187322', 'https://openalex.org/W1985648452', 'https://openalex.org/W1994217120', 'https://openalex.org/W1996496192', 'https://openalex.org/W1998178601', 'https://openalex.org/W1999965367', 'https://openalex.org/W2000779048', 'https://openalex.org/W2006658732', 'https://openalex.org/W2017413357', 'https://openalex.org/W2023236900', 'https://openalex.org/W2024395962', 'https://openalex.org/W2024825187', 'https://openalex.org/W2024916848', 'https://openalex.org/W2025082767', 'https://openalex.org/W2025163368', 'https://openalex.org/W2029328357', 'https://openalex.org/W2041065488', 'https://openalex.org/W2045136735', 'https://openalex.org/W2052473318', 'https://openalex.org/W2054852645', 'https://openalex.org/W2064716485', 'https://openalex.org/W2068290637', 'https://openalex.org/W2070023078', 'https://openalex.org/W2071038613', 'https://openalex.org/W2073324589', 'https://openalex.org/W2074375680', 'https://openalex.org/W2074426968', 'https://openalex.org/W2074512650', 'https://openalex.org/W2074676124', 'https://openalex.org/W2076863051', 'https://openalex.org/W2081944696', 'https://openalex.org/W2082210318', 'https://openalex.org/W2085424374', 'https://openalex.org/W2086985971', 'https://openalex.org/W2088331224', 'https://openalex.org/W2089026981', 'https://openalex.org/W2094309216', 'https://openalex.org/W2110667893', 'https://openalex.org/W2127791390', 'https://openalex.org/W2158846133', 'https://openalex.org/W2198685237', 'https://openalex.org/W2203507550', 'https://openalex.org/W2308281298', 'https://openalex.org/W2345755320', 'https://openalex.org/W2399714552', 'https://openalex.org/W2468545114', 'https://openalex.org/W2488407522', 'https://openalex.org/W2525951311', 'https://openalex.org/W2753359019', 'https://openalex.org/W2756210344', 'https://openalex.org/W2786761734', 'https://openalex.org/W2795762930', 'https://openalex.org/W2805932672', 'https://openalex.org/W2898507923', 'https://openalex.org/W2904591346', 'https://openalex.org/W2904901453', 'https://openalex.org/W2906054036', 'https://openalex.org/W2951896105', 'https://openalex.org/W2972799413', 'https://openalex.org/W2997610825', 'https://openalex.org/W3007432233', 'https://openalex.org/W3092589565', 'https://openalex.org/W3144963585', 'https://openalex.org/W3210269565', 'https://openalex.org/W4233161423', 'https://openalex.org/W4235471589', 'https://openalex.org/W4244486689'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4367624614', 'https://openalex.org/W2587157009', 'https://openalex.org/W2566216749', 'https://openalex.org/W2391832942', 'https://openalex.org/W2266202345', 'https://openalex.org/W2146281169', 'https://openalex.org/W2100031696', 'https://openalex.org/W1976777118', 'https://openalex.org/W1971768948', 'https://openalex.org/W1649252442'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract': [0], 'Chloride-induced': [1], 'rebar': [2], 'corrosion': [3], 'is': [4, 38, 200, 227], 'one': [5], 'of': [6, 10, 29, 52, 70, 98, 120, 128, 136, 208, 217, 224], 'the': [7, 41, 68, 96, 126, 133, 137, 182, 206], 'main': [8], 'causes': [9], 'damage': [11], 'in': [12, 78, 107, 145, 148, 189, 230], 'reinforced': [13, 175], 'concrete': [14, 163, 166, 170, 176, 201], 'structures': [15], '(RCS).': [16], 'Chloride': [17], 'attacks': [18], 'lead': [19], 'to': [20, 82, 124], 'depassivation': [21], 'creating': [22], 'pits,': [23], 'which': [24, 63], 'can': [25], 'imply': [26], 'major': [27], 'losses': [28], 'sections.': [30], 'The': [31, 50, 73, 109, 178, 215], 'current': [32, 42, 192], 'generated': [33], 'at': [34], 'these': [35], 'spots': [36], '(microcell)': [37], 'contributed': [39], 'by': [40], 'produced': [43], 'between': [44], 'corroded': [45], 'and': [46, 87, 132, 147, 172, 236], 'uncorroded': [47], 'areas': [48], '(macrocell).': [49], 'influence': [51, 127, 216], 'both': [53], 'currents': [54, 77, 144, 226], 'has': [55], 'been': [56], 'deeply': [57], 'investigated': [58], 'based': [59], 'on': [60, 142], 'solution': [61, 79, 146], 'studies,': [62], 'do': [64], 'not': [65, 92], 'actually': [66], 'represent': [67], 'behaviour': [69], 'concrete-embedded': [71], 'elements.': [72], 'studies': [74, 103], 'about': [75], 'macrocell': [76, 143, 191, 225], 'are': [80], 'interesting': [81], 'analyse': [83, 125], 'this': [84, 101, 114, 121, 151, 198, 218], 'phenomenon': [85, 199], 'quickly': [86], 'simply.': [88], 'However,': [89], 'they': [90], 'must': [91], 'be': [93], 'interpreted': [94], 'as': [95, 220], 'reality': [97], 'RCS': [99], 'because': [100, 203], 'requires': [102], 'using': [104, 155], 'rebars': [105], 'embedded': [106], 'concrete.': [108, 149], 'performed': [110], 'experimental': [111], 'plan': [112], 'verified': [113], 'fact.': [115], 'In': [116], 'addition,': [117], 'another': [118], 'objective': [119], 'study': [122], 'was': [123], 'concrete’s': [129], 'electrical': [130], 'resistance': [131], 'limiting': [134, 222], 'effect': [135], 'cathode/anode': [138], 'surface': [139], '(Cs/As)': [140], 'ratio': [141, 184], 'For': [150], 'study,': [152], 'specimens': [153], 'manufactured': [154], 'concretes': [156, 233], 'with': [157], 'different': [158], 'properties': [159], 'were': [160], 'used:': [161], 'standard': [162], '(SC),': [164], 'high-performance': [165, 169], '(HPC),': [167], 'very': [168], '(VHPC)': [171], 'ultra-high': [173], 'performance-fibre': [174], '(UHPFRC).': [177], 'conclusions': [179], 'show': [180], 'how': [181], 'Cs/As': [183], 'plays': [185], 'a': [186, 209, 221], 'key': [187], 'role': [188], 'regulating': [190], 'intensity,': [193], 'but': [194], 'what': [195], 'really': [196], 'governs': [197], 'resistivity': [202, 232], 'it': [204], 'regulates': [205], 'participation': [207], 'bigger': [210], 'or': [211], 'smaller': [212], 'cathode': [213], 'surface.': [214], 'parameter': [219], 'factor': [223], 'fundamental,': [228], 'especially': [229], 'high': [231], 'like': [234], 'VHPC': [235], 'UHPFRC.': [237]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4322488652', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-23T01:12:12.220644', 'created_date': '2023-02-28'}