Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W4312695453', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1039/d2rp00237j', 'title': 'Views of Chinese middle school chemistry teachers on critical thinking', 'display_name': 'Views of Chinese middle school chemistry teachers on critical thinking', 'publication_year': 2022, 'publication_date': '2022-09-29', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W4312695453', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1039/d2rp00237j'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1039/d2rp00237j', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210194418', 'display_name': 'Chemistry Education Research and Practice', 'issn_l': '1109-4028', 'issn': ['1109-4028'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320556', 'host_organization_name': 'Royal Society of Chemistry', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320556'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Royal Society of Chemistry'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5034731637', 'display_name': 'Yanlan Wan', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4655-8037'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I108688024', 'display_name': 'Qingdao University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/021cj6z65', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I108688024']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Yanlan Wan', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I108688024']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5049330477', 'display_name': 'Ruoqing Yao', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0114-0999'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I108688024', 'display_name': 'Qingdao University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/021cj6z65', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I108688024']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Ruoqing Yao', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I108688024']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5040884899', 'display_name': 'Qi Li', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8388-8687'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210097707', 'display_name': 'People’s Hospital of Rizhao', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00w7jwe49', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210097707']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Qi Li', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Rizhao Lanshan Experimental Middle School, Rizhao, Shandong, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Rizhao Lanshan Experimental Middle School, Rizhao, Shandong, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210097707']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5009016323', 'display_name': 'Hualin Bi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2244-4839'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I28006308', 'display_name': 'Shandong Normal University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01wy3h363', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I28006308']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Hualin Bi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['College of Chemistry, Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'College of Chemistry, Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I28006308']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5034731637', 'https://openalex.org/A5009016323'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I108688024', 'https://openalex.org/I28006308'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 3.785, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 6, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.866481, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 85, 'max': 87}, 'biblio': {'volume': '24', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '161', 'last_page': '175'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11715', 'display_name': 'Education and Critical Thinking Development', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3304', 'display_name': 'Education'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11715', 'display_name': 'Education and Critical Thinking Development', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3304', 'display_name': 'Education'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12887', 'display_name': 'Educational Strategies and Epistemologies', 'score': 0.9858, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3204', 'display_name': 'Developmental and Educational Psychology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/32', 'display_name': 'Psychology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11526', 'display_name': 'Innovative Teaching Methods', 'score': 0.9812, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3304', 'display_name': 'Education'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/think-aloud-protocol', 'display_name': 'Think aloud protocol', 'score': 0.43102467}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C533356498', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q843894', 'display_name': 'Critical thinking', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.854266}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C106165879', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141259', 'display_name': 'Cognitively Guided Instruction', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6518095}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C145420912', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077', 'display_name': 'Mathematics education', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.61953306}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C47177190', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207137', 'display_name': 'Curriculum', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.56689847}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.49414042}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777855551', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12310021', 'display_name': 'Subject (documents)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.43716213}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C78821406', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q391810', 'display_name': 'Think aloud protocol', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.43102467}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C201717286', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938185', 'display_name': 'Rationality', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41463518}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C88610354', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813494', 'display_name': 'Teaching method', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.36810508}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C19417346', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922', 'display_name': 'Pedagogy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.36673725}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111472728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471', 'display_name': 'Epistemology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.1626899}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.15343899}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C170130773', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378', 'display_name': 'Usability', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C107457646', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434', 'display_name': 'Human–computer interaction', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C161191863', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655', 'display_name': 'Library science', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1039/d2rp00237j', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210194418', 'display_name': 'Chemistry Education Research and Practice', 'issn_l': '1109-4028', 'issn': ['1109-4028'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320556', 'host_organization_name': 'Royal Society of Chemistry', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320556'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Royal Society of Chemistry'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 46, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1639573852', 'https://openalex.org/W1972926975', 'https://openalex.org/W1974888249', 'https://openalex.org/W1977525191', 'https://openalex.org/W1980976116', 'https://openalex.org/W1991076664', 'https://openalex.org/W1999323329', 'https://openalex.org/W2008021971', 'https://openalex.org/W2014821865', 'https://openalex.org/W2030508501', 'https://openalex.org/W2032195352', 'https://openalex.org/W2038252642', 'https://openalex.org/W2041656211', 'https://openalex.org/W2042839923', 'https://openalex.org/W2048237566', 'https://openalex.org/W2048678858', 'https://openalex.org/W2077432662', 'https://openalex.org/W2078113882', 'https://openalex.org/W2083554603', 'https://openalex.org/W2089172200', 'https://openalex.org/W2091313400', 'https://openalex.org/W2108548652', 'https://openalex.org/W2109520478', 'https://openalex.org/W2125259630', 'https://openalex.org/W2139499599', 'https://openalex.org/W2142162847', 'https://openalex.org/W2158242434', 'https://openalex.org/W2171609961', 'https://openalex.org/W2531414504', 'https://openalex.org/W2576343326', 'https://openalex.org/W2588651333', 'https://openalex.org/W2784480846', 'https://openalex.org/W2794632809', 'https://openalex.org/W2798159037', 'https://openalex.org/W2897766763', 'https://openalex.org/W2938598334', 'https://openalex.org/W2954921578', 'https://openalex.org/W3000793618', 'https://openalex.org/W3037178815', 'https://openalex.org/W3135266884', 'https://openalex.org/W3157816476', 'https://openalex.org/W3187729519', 'https://openalex.org/W4214869791', 'https://openalex.org/W4233522785', 'https://openalex.org/W4285260911', 'https://openalex.org/W4294115107'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4389358803', 'https://openalex.org/W4377290229', 'https://openalex.org/W4283518695', 'https://openalex.org/W3178542430', 'https://openalex.org/W3083262429', 'https://openalex.org/W3015132799', 'https://openalex.org/W2151017788', 'https://openalex.org/W2133208706', 'https://openalex.org/W2116911105', 'https://openalex.org/W1978045699'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Critical': [0], 'thinking,': [1], 'a': [2, 27, 36, 115], 'rational': [3], 'and': [4, 58, 86, 106, 108, 121, 136, 146, 166, 185, 198, 204, 214], 'open': [5], 'higher-order': [6], 'thinking': [7, 24, 80, 84, 103, 120, 142, 156, 176, 221], 'mode': [8], 'in': [9, 17, 39, 177, 195], 'human': [10], 'cognition,': [11], 'is': [12], 'becoming': [13], 'imperative': [14], 'to': [15, 51, 67], 'success': [16], 'modern': [18], 'life.': [19], 'Therefore,': [20, 63], 'cultivating': [21, 40], 'students’': [22, 41, 154, 174], 'critical': [23, 42, 61, 79, 102, 119, 141, 155, 175, 220], 'has': [25], 'become': [26], 'common': [28], 'goal': [29], 'of': [30, 60, 71, 97, 153, 168, 188, 219], 'education': [31], 'reform': [32], 'worldwide.': [33], 'Teachers': [34, 138], 'play': [35], 'crucial': [37], 'role': [38], 'thinking.': [43, 62], 'However,': [44], 'existing': [45], 'studies': [46], 'have': [47], 'paid': [48], 'little': [49], 'attention': [50], 'teachers,': [52, 162], 'especially': [53], 'middle': [54, 74], 'school': [55, 75], 'teachers’': [56], 'knowledge': [57], 'understanding': [59], 'this': [64, 209, 226], 'study': [65, 210, 227], 'aimed': [66], 'explore': [68], 'the': [69, 98, 147, 151, 158, 217], 'perspectives': [70], 'ten': [72], 'Chinese': [73], 'chemistry': [76, 178, 189], 'teachers': [77, 99, 113, 213], 'on': [78, 90], 'using': [81], 'concept': [82, 91], 'maps,': [83], 'aloud,': [85], 'in-depth': [87], 'interviews': [88], 'based': [89], 'maps.': [92], 'Results': [93], 'showed': [94, 211], 'that': [95, 101, 123, 140, 212], 'most': [96], 'believed': [100, 122], 'means': [104], 'reflection': [105], 'questioning': [107], 'requires': [109], 'evidence': [110, 127], 'awareness.': [111], 'All': [112], 'had': [114], 'positive': [116], 'attitude': [117], 'towards': [118], 'it': [124], 'can': [125, 143], 'promote': [126], 'awareness,': [128], 'problem': [129, 202], 'solving,': [130, 203], 'decision': [131], 'making,': [132], 'teaching': [133, 179], 'evaluation,': [134, 163], 'logic,': [135], 'systematisation.': [137], 'recognised': [139], 'be': [144], 'taught,': [145], 'major': [148], 'factors': [149], 'affecting': [150], 'development': [152, 218], 'were': [157, 180], 'environment,': [159], 'students': [160, 215], 'themselves,': [161], 'subject': [164], 'characteristics,': [165], 'types': [167, 187], 'knowledge.': [169], 'Several': [170], 'strategies': [171], 'for': [172, 232], 'developing': [173, 191], 'proposed,': [181], 'including': [182], 'setting': [183], 'diversified': [184], 'different': [186], 'courses,': [190], 'controversial': [192], 'curriculum': [193], 'themes': [194], 'real': [196], 'situations,': [197], 'implementing': [199], 'experimental,': [200], 'project-based,': [201], 'history-based': [205], 'teaching.': [206], 'In': [207], 'addition,': [208], 'promoted': [216], 'within': [222], 'one': [223], 'another.': [224], 'Further,': [225], 'demonstrated': [228], 'an': [229], 'effective': [230], 'methodology': [231], 'probing': [233], 'individual': [234], 'subjective': [235], 'thoughts.': [236]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4312695453', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 3}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-13T19:44:02.367200', 'created_date': '2023-01-05'}