Title: The Effects of Expertise and IQ on Children's Memory: When Knowledge is, and When it is Not Enough
Abstract:Two experiments were conducted to investigate the assumption that rich domain knowledge can compensate for low overall aptitude on domainrelated cognitive tasks. W hereas previous research dealing wit...Two experiments were conducted to investigate the assumption that rich domain knowledge can compensate for low overall aptitude on domainrelated cognitive tasks. W hereas previous research dealing with text recall and text comprehension tasks has provided evidence supporting this assumption, recent studies examining the effects of both expertise and intelligence on a strategic memory task (sort-recall task) found that the effects of domain knowledge were not strong enough to eliminate performance differences between high- and low-aptitude experts. In our experiments, both text-recall and sort-recall measures related to the game of soccer were presented to highand low-aptitude fourth-grade children who were either soccer experts or novices, using a within-subjects design. The main difference between the two studies concerned the testing procedure: W hereas in Study 1 testing was conducted in small groups, in Study 2 children were tested individually. Both studies confirmed the outcom e of previous research; that is, effects of aptitude on text recall and comprehension were eliminated when the impact of expertise was considered simultaneously. However, they also replicated the earlier finding that this pattern of results does not generalise to other memory tasks. That is, expertise does reduce but not eliminate the relationship of IQ to memory tasks involving deliberate strategies.Read More
Publication Year: 1996
Publication Date: 1996-12-01
Language: en
Type: article
Indexed In: ['crossref']
Access and Citation
Cited By Count: 16
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