Lipids and lipoproteins in cardiovascular diseases: a classification

Name: Work Video:
Duration: 3 min 30 s
Shruti Bhargava; Sofía de la Puente-Secades; Leon J. Schurgers; Joachim Jankowski
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1764, 3059, 3213], 'treatment.Lipids': [66], 'are': [69, 86, 110, 170, 289, 308, 327, 356, 383, 467, 497, 751, 1179, 1335, 1345, 1614, 1619, 1710, 1817, 1941, 2008, 2028, 2038, 2486, 3017, 3655, 3892, 3907], 'emerging': [70, 3812], 'as': [71, 79, 94, 118, 149, 152, 178, 209, 212, 247, 314, 322, 473, 652, 830, 843, 906, 1218, 1792, 1873, 1885, 2727, 2781, 2887, 3097, 3331, 3377, 3379, 3574, 3701, 3796, 3813, 3878, 3951], 'drug': [73, 1659], 'delivery': [74, 316], 'systems': [75], 'drugs': [77, 320, 337], 'such': [78, 151, 211, 1872, 1884, 2780, 3330, 3573, 3700, 3795, 3877, 3950], 'urokinase': [80], 'tanshinone': [82], 'II.Lipids': [83], 'ideal': [87], 'imaging': [88, 323], 'probes': [89, 324], 'atherosclerotic': [91, 874, 895, 1825, 1833, 1866, 2566, 3045, 3089, 3491], 'plaques': [92, 896, 918, 1826], 'in': [95, 137, 197, 352, 431, 453, 558, 563, 643, 674, 728, 766, 779, 796, 870, 916, 977, 1006, 1040, 1048, 1188, 1194, 1197, 1275, 1333, 1417, 1438, 1564, 1691, 1912, 1954, 1972, 2033, 2055, 2096, 2269, 2284, 2314, 2393, 2403, 2467, 2519, 2565, 2622, 2815, 2939, 2950, 2958, 3061, 3088, 3140, 3225, 3238, 3442, 3703, 3810, 3898, 3909], 'vivo': [96, 1955], 'trackers': [97], 'diagnosis': [99], 'CVDs.': [101], 'Lipids': [102, 162, 310, 399], 'lipoproteins,': [104, 164, 511, 1366], 'metabolism,': [106, 166], 'transport': [109, 169, 445, 450], 'essential': [111, 171, 498, 1517, 3406, 3893], 'contributing': [112, 172], 'factors': [113, 173, 1820, 2125, 2493, 3118, 3329], 'they': [119, 179, 304, 326], 'regulate': [120, 180], 'plasma': [121, 181, 424, 827, 901, 920, 1176, 1334, 1755, 2394, 2859, 3337, 3651], 'cholesterol': [122, 125, 182, 185, 278, 283, 449, 557, 634, 648, 714, 749, 786, 799, 1056, 1132, 2012, 2021, 2032, 2045, 2563, 2738, 2944, 2971, 3371, 3386, 3465, 3472, 3825, 3883, 3890], 'concentration,': [123, 183], 'uptake': [126, 186, 2383, 2945], 'by': [127, 187, 302, 413, 662, 1765, 2013, 2023, 2044, 2080, 2116, 2159, 2168, 2204, 2222, 2316, 2384, 2616, 2634, 2742, 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3759, 3788, 3804, 3920, 3952], 'mechanisms': [233, 301, 2523], 'lipoprotein': [237, 277, 282, 525, 528, 842, 970, 1055, 1131, 1331, 1734, 2137, 2382, 2429, 2635, 2682, 2745, 3585, 3635, 3733, 3775, 3824, 3853], 'subclasses': [238], "'classifies'": [242], 'them': [243, 1430, 3477], 'this': [245, 3309, 3322], 'basis': [246, 2422], 'or': [253, 263, 483, 1112, 3102, 3108, 3705, 3714], 'with': [257, 267, 753, 768, 784, 803, 894, 898, 908, 922, 939, 959, 1015, 1030, 1079, 1099, 1101, 1170, 1181, 1239, 1297, 1310, 1471, 1538, 1546, 1566, 1693, 1728, 2224, 2271, 2713, 3063, 3173, 3285, 3526, 3570, 3697, 3913], 'a': [258, 403, 644, 769, 831, 844, 948, 1016, 1031, 1182, 1191, 1204, 1219, 1240, 1369, 1414, 1455, 1539, 1554, 1747, 1793, 1976, 1984, 2516, 2666, 2888, 2961, 3038, 3098, 3199, 3312, 3482, 3542, 3658, 3668, 3814, 3931], 'conditional': [259, 1540, 3326], 'no': [268, 1547], 'known': [269, 1548], "CVDs'.": [272], 'Low': [273], 'dysfunctional': [275], 'high-density': [276, 1130, 3774], 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905, 1332, 1344, 1360, 1624, 1756], '[2.Upadhyay': [426], 'R.K.': [427], 'Emerging': [428], 'risk': [429, 673, 716, 757, 773, 832, 952, 982, 1036, 1187, 1196, 1221, 1248, 1295, 1376, 1690, 1795, 3060, 3861, 3897], 'biomarkers': [430, 2860], 'disorders.J.': [435], 'Lipids.': [436], '2015;': [437, 1670], '2015971453Crossref': [438], 'PubMed': [439, 460, 694, 743, 815, 862, 888, 931, 996, 1067, 1155, 1233, 1282, 1402, 1594, 1647, 1673, 1705, 1784, 1804, 1859, 1920, 2063, 2104, 2146, 2194, 2260, 2304, 2359, 2410, 2434, 2539, 2588, 2674, 2704, 2761, 2824, 2870, 2924, 2993, 3081, 3157, 3206, 3249, 3301, 3428, 3453, 3499, 3553, 3598, 3645, 3687, 3780, 3845, 3869], 'Google': [440, 463, 697, 746, 818, 865, 891, 934, 999, 1070, 1158, 1236, 1285, 1405, 1597, 1650, 1676, 1708, 1787, 1807, 1862, 1923, 1999, 2066, 2107, 2149, 2197, 2263, 2307, 2362, 2413, 2437, 2475, 2542, 2591, 2630, 2677, 2707, 2764, 2827, 2873, 2927, 2996, 3084, 3160, 3209, 3252, 3304, 3431, 3456, 3502, 3556, 3601, 3648, 3690, 3748, 3783, 3848, 3872, 3943], 'Scholar,3.Yu': [441], 'X.H.': [442], 'et': [443, 535, 670, 709, 790, 839, 868, 913, 968, 1053, 1125, 1216, 1257, 1382, 1574, 1633, 1683, 1790, 1829, 1906, 2049, 2090, 2181, 2242, 2289, 2344, 2416, 2509, 2609, 2660, 2680, 2808, 2850, 2902, 2979, 3069, 3130, 3187, 3230, 3280, 3434, 3487, 3633, 3771, 3822, 3851], 'al.Cholesterol': [444, 869], 'system:': [446], 'integrated': [448], 'model': [451], 'involved': [452], 'atherosclerosis.Prog.': [454], 'Lipid': [455, 2694], 'Res.': [456, 2695, 3202, 3641], '2019;': [457, 2625], '73:': [458], '65-91Crossref': [459], 'Scopus': [461, 695, 744, 816, 863, 889, 932, 997, 1068, 1156, 1234, 1283, 1403, 1595, 1648, 1674, 1706, 1785, 1805, 1860, 1921, 1997, 2064, 2105, 2147, 2195, 2261, 2305, 2360, 2411, 2435, 2540, 2589, 2628, 2675, 2705, 2762, 2825, 2871, 2925, 2994, 3082, 3158, 3207, 3250, 3302, 3429, 3454, 3500, 3554, 3599, 3646, 3688, 3746, 3781, 3846, 3870, 3941], '(103)': [462], 'Traditionally,': [465], "'storage": 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'E8/17/855/12Transport': [588], 'endogenous': [590, 605, 616, 633], 'liver': [595, 610, 621, 640], 'tissuesIntermediate-density': [598], 'lipoprotein25–401.006–1.019B-100,': [599], 'E17/22/922/30Transport': [603], 'tissuesLow-density': [613], 'lipoprotein17–251.019–1.063B-10022/17/89/44Transport': [614], 'tissuesHigh-density': [624], 'lipoprotein2–101.063–1.210A-I,': [625], 'D,': [630], 'E50/28/46/12Transport': [631], 'tissues': [637, 2847], 'Open': [641], 'table': [642], 'tab': [646], 'Blood': [647], 'level': [649, 800, 1128], 'was': [650, 1028], 'identified': [651, 825], 'first': [654], 'direct': [655], 'link': [656], 'between': [657, 712, 3041, 3787], 'circulating': [658], 'Framingham': [664, 687, 852, 881], 'Heart': [665, 1397, 1589, 1799, 1854], 'Study': [666, 1075, 1147, 3836], '(FHS)': [667, 1050], '[5.Kannel': [668], 'W.B.': [669, 867], 'al.Factors': [671], 'development': [676, 1823], 'coronary': [678, 721, 848, 954, 974, 1033, 1136, 3832], 'heart': [679, 722, 849, 1034, 1087, 1137, 1264, 2663, 2816], '–': [681], 'six': [682], 'year': [683], 'follow-up': [684], 'experience.': [685], 'The': [686, 851, 1287, 1466, 1925, 1950, 2001, 2068, 2265, 2399, 2948, 3306, 3692], 'Study.Ann.': [688], 'Intern.': [689, 883], 'Med.': [690, 811, 855, 884, 1278, 1915, 2058, 2099, 2989, 3448, 3549], '1961;': [691], '55:': [692], '33-50Crossref': [693], '(1109)': [696], 'Multiple': [701, 734], 'Risk': [702, 735], 'Factor': [703, 736], 'Intervention': [704, 737], 'Trial': [705, 738, 1011], '(MRFIT)': [706], '[6.Stamler': [707], 'J.': [708, 789, 810, 854, 1150, 1223, 1398, 1590, 1800, 1855, 1991, 2189, 2818, 3279, 3583], 'al.Is': [710], 'relationship': [711, 3040], 'serum': [713, 1298, 3727], 'premature': [718], 'death': [719, 760], 'continuous': [724], 'graded?': [726], 'Findings': [727], '356,222': [729], 'primary': [730, 1080], 'screenees': [731], '(MRFIT).JAMA.': [739], '1986;': [740], '256:': [741], '2823-2828Crossref': [742], '(1756)': [745], 'Increased': [748, 2829], 'levels': [750, 787, 829, 1178, 1300, 2275, 2594, 3043, 3652, 3729], 'associated': [752, 1029, 1180, 3284], 'increased': [755, 1175], '10-year': [756], '3.8%': [762], 'almost': [764], '19.6%': [765], 'men': [767, 802, 1041, 1111, 1189], 'pre-existing': [770], 'CVD.': [771, 1323, 1465], 'increases': [774, 2388, 3505], '1.7%': [776], '4.9%': [778], 'patients': [780, 938, 3062, 3899], 'without': [781, 805], 'but': [783, 1355, 1618, 1900, 2746], '[7.Pekkanen': [788], 'al.Ten-year': [791], 'relation': [797], 'among': [801], 'preexisting': [806], 'disease.N.': [808], 'Engl.': [809], '1990;': [812], '322:': [813], '1700-1707Crossref': [814], '(703)': [817], 'Follow-up': [820, 1001], 'FHS': [824, 1005], 'LDL': [828, 903, 915, 942, 961, 1652, 1810, 1903, 1928, 1939, 1956, 1969, 2004, 2007, 2072, 2113, 2199], 'factor': [833, 846, 2495, 3218, 3236, 3578], 'events': [836, 3819], '[8.Gordon': [837], 'T.': [838], 'al.High': [840], 'protective': [845], 'against': [847], 'disease.': [850, 875, 1059, 1835], 'Study.Am.': [853], '1977;': [856], '62:': [857, 1280], '707-714Abstract': [858], 'Full': [859, 991, 993, 1228, 1230, 1700, 1702, 2143, 2534, 2536, 2583, 2585, 2699, 2701, 2756, 2758, 3423, 3425, 3682, 3684], 'Text': [860, 992, 994, 1229, 1231, 1701, 1703, 2144, 2535, 2537, 2584, 2586, 2700, 2702, 2757, 2759, 3424, 3426, 3683, 3685], 'PDF': [861, 995, 1232, 1704, 2145, 2538, 2587, 2703, 2760, 3427, 3686], '(4037)': [864], 'Scholar,9.Kannel': [866], 'prediction': [872, 1444], 'New': [876], 'perspectives': [877], 'study.Ann.': [882], '1979;': [885], '90:': [886], '85-91Crossref': [887], '(992)': [890], 'Patients': [893], 'correlate': [897, 1164], '45%': [899], 'higher': [900, 951, 1205, 3053], 'oxidised': [902, 1814, 1971, 2273], '(oxLDL)': [904], 'compared': [907, 1098, 1296, 1727], 'control': [909], 'subjects': [910, 1692, 2514], '[10.Nishi': [911], 'K.': [912], 'al.Oxidized': [914], 'carotid': [917, 3829], 'associates': [921], 'instability.Arterioscler.': [924], 'Thromb.': [925, 2668, 3151, 3243], 'Vasc.': [926, 1642, 2669, 3152, 3244, 3741], 'Biol.': [927, 2472, 2670, 2751, 3153, 3245], '2002;': [928, 3642], '22:': [929], '1649-1654Crossref': [930], '(328)': [933], 'In': [936, 1072, 1627, 3558], 'addition,': [937, 1628, 3559], 'total': [941, 1212, 1370], 'particles': [943, 962, 1929, 1940, 2217, 3363, 3462, 3764], '1.935–3.560': [945], 'nmol/L': [946, 965], '3.7': [949], 'times': [950], 'artery': [955, 975], 'calcification': [956, 976, 2312, 3637], 'than': [957, 1304, 1944], 'those': [958], 'lower': [960], '620–1530': [964], '[11.Prado': [966], 'K.B.': [967], 'al.Low-density': [969, 1830], 'particle': [971, 3806, 3827, 3856], 'number': [972, 3807], 'predicts': [973], 'asymptomatic': [978], 'adults': [979], 'at': [980], 'intermediate': [981], 'disease.J.': [985], 'Clin.': [986, 1695, 2819], 'Lipidol.': [987, 1696, 1780], '2011;': [988, 2407, 2671, 2921, 3078], '5:': [989, 2991], '408-413Abstract': [990], '(22)': [998], 'analysis': [1002, 1372], 'Coronary': [1008], 'Primary': [1009], 'Prevention': [1010], '(CPPT)': [1012], 'MRFIT,': [1014], 'focus': [1017], 'HDL,': [1019], 'showed': [1020], 'increase': [1023, 1184, 1193, 1630, 2938, 2949], '1': [1025, 3138], 'mg/dL': [1026, 1109, 1114, 1122], 'significant': [1032], 'reduction': [1037], '2%': [1039], '(FHS,': [1042], 'CPPT,': [1043], 'MRFIT)': [1045], '3%': [1047], 'women': [1049, 1116], '[12.Gordon': [1051], 'D.J.': [1052, 3413, 3672], 'al.High-density': [1054, 3634, 3823, 3852], 'Four': [1060], 'prospective': [1061], 'American': [1062], 'studies.Circulation.': [1063], '1989;': [1064], '79:': [1065], '8-15Crossref': [1066], '(2608)': [1069], 'Multi-Ethnic': [1074, 1146], 'Atherosclerosis,': [1077], 'individuals': [1078, 1100], 'low': [1081, 1127, 2135, 2272, 3932], 'HDL-C': [1082, 1107], 'correlated': [1083], 'adjusted': [1085], 'chronic': [1086], 'failure': [1088], 'hazard': [1091, 1247], 'ratios': [1092, 1166], '2.25': [1094], '1.93,': [1096], 'respectively,': [1097, 1199], 'optimal': [1103], 'profile': [1105], '≥40': [1108], '≥50': [1113], 'TGs': [1118, 1315, 2392, 2596, 2766], 'LDL-C': [1120, 1349], '<100': [1121], '[13.Ahmed': [1123], 'H.M.': [1124], 'al.Primary': [1126], 'risks': [1134], 'disease,': [1138, 1140], 'death:': [1142], 'Atherosclerosis.Am.': [1149], 'Epidemiol.': [1151], '2016;': [1152, 1697, 2257, 3496], '183:': [1153], '875-883Crossref': [1154], '(33)': [1157], 'epidemiological': [1161], 'also': [1163], 'other': [1168, 1363, 1729, 3340], 'demonstrating': [1173], 'TG': [1177, 1679, 2371], '14%': [1183], '37%': [1192], 'women,': [1198], 'attributed': [1202, 2935], 'incidence': [1206, 1269], 'myocardial': [1208], 'infarction,': [1209], 'stroke,': [1210], '[14.Austin': [1214], 'M.A.': [1215], 'al.Hypertriglyceridemia': [1217], 'factor.Am.': [1222], 'Cardiol.': [1224, 1668, 2405, 2530, 3495, 3841], '1998;': [1225], '81:': [1226], '7B-12BAbstract': [1227], '(909)': [1235], 'Subjects': [1238], 'TG/HDL': [1241, 1291], 'ratio': [1242, 1259, 1292, 2957, 3934], '>3.5': [1243], 'unadjusted': [1246], '1.62': [1253], '(1.43–1.84)': [1254], '[15.Vega': [1255], 'G.L.': [1256], 'al.Triglyceride-to-high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol': [1258], 'index': [1262], 'type': [1271, 3106, 3663], '2': [1272], 'diabetes': [1273], 'mellitus': [1274], 'men.J.': [1276], 'Investig.': [1277], '2014;': [1279, 1994, 2580, 3420, 3679], '345-349Crossref': [1281], '(136)': [1284], 'correlation': [1288], 'more': [1302, 1942], 'accurate': [1303], 'values': [1306], 'it': [1308, 1356, 1965, 3025, 3567], 'correlates': [1309], 'negative': [1312], 'positive': [1318, 3319], 'To': [1324], 'assess': [1325], 'specific': [1328, 1934], 'measured.': [1336], 'Usually,': [1337], 'LDL-C,': [1338], 'non-HDL-C,': [1339], 'apolipoprotein': [1341, 3717], 'B': [1342, 2499], '(ApoB)': [1343], 'correlated;': [1346], 'hence,': [1347], 'commonly': [1352], 'quantified': [1353], 'parameter,': [1354], 'might': [1357], 'underestimate': [1358], 'accurately': [1373], 'assessing': [1374], 'highly': [1378], 'recommended': [1379], '[16.Mach': [1380, 1572], 'F.': [1381, 1573, 3632], 'al.2019': [1383, 1575], 'ESC/EAS': [1384, 1576], 'guidelines': [1385, 1571, 1577], 'management': [1388, 1580], 'dyslipidaemias:': [1390, 1582], 'modification': [1392, 1584, 3724], 'reduce': [1394, 1586, 1686, 2252, 3758, 3895], 'risk.Eur.': [1396, 1588], '2020;': [1399, 1591, 2473], '41:': [1400, 1592], '111-188Crossref': [1401, 1593], '(2549)': [1404, 1596], 'Because': [1407], 'imbalances': [1408], 'play': [1413], 'role': [1416, 2400, 3589], 'there': [1422, 1449], 'increasingly': [1425], 'evident': [1426], 'need': [1427], 'classify': [1429], 'order': [1439], 'find': [1441], 'novel': [1442, 1529, 3543], 'treatment': [1446, 1570, 1638, 1718], 'options.': [1447], 'Therefore,': [1448, 1520], 'urgent': [1452], 'demand': [1453], 'relevance': [1478], 'identifying': [1480], 'potential': [1481, 3791], 'biomolecules': [1483], 'prevention': [1486, 1716, 3409], 'Classification': [1489], 'necessary': [1493], 'instead': [1505], 'traditional': [1508], 'functions.': [1519], 'we': [1521], 'suggest': [1522], 'classifying': [1523], 'three': [1528], 'categories:': [1530], '(i)': [1534], 'CVDs,': [1536, 1543], '(ii)': [1537], '(iii)': [1545], 'due': [1552], 'lack': [1555], 'evidence': [1557], '1B).': [1559], 'classification,': [1561], 'line': [1565], 'Scholar],': [1598, 1651, 1677, 2476, 3161], 'reflects': [1599], 'affecting': [1606], 'discussing': [1608], 'vital': [1615], 'survival': [1617], 'pathological': [1620], 'altered': [1623], '1A).': [1626], '[17.Parolini': [1631], 'C.': [1632, 2415, 2608, 3532], 'al.HDL': [1634], 'therapy': [1635, 1660], 'diseases.Curr.': [1641], 'Pharmacol.': [1643, 3742], '2009;': [1644, 2696], '7:': [1645], '550-556Crossref': [1646], '(16)': [1649], 'decrease': [1653, 1680], '[18.Stein': [1654], 'E.A.': [1655], 'Raal': [1656], 'F.J.': [1657], 'Lipid-lowering': [1658], 'prevention:': [1663], 'looking': [1664], 'future.Curr.': [1667], 'Rep.': [1669, 2406, 3594], '17:': [1671], '104Crossref': [1672], '(17)': [1675], '[19.Maki': [1681], 'K.C.': [1682], 'al.Triglyceride-lowering': [1684], 'therapies': [1685], 'event': [1689], 'hypertriglyceridemia.J.': [1694], '10:': [1698], '905-914Abstract': [1699], '(38)': [1707], 'interventions': [1713], 'therefore': [1723], 'been': [1724], 'studied': [1725], 'extensively': [1726], 'subclasses.': [1731], 'VLDL,': [1733, 1759], '(a)': [1735], '[Lp(a)],': [1736], 'trans-fatty': [1738], '(TFAs),': [1740], 'phosphatidylcholine,': [1741], 'lysophosphatidic': [1743, 3189], 'acid': [1744, 2016, 2605, 3132, 3190, 3232, 3282], '(LPA)': [1745], 'strong': [1748], 'thrombosis': [1751, 3227], 'atherosclerosis.': [1753], 'High': [1754, 3048, 3650], 'IDL,': [1760], 'Lp(a)': [1762, 2268, 2309], 'enhance': [1763], 'promoting': [1766, 2238, 2651, 2774, 2839, 2894, 3091, 3162], 'thrombus': [1767], '[20.Krauss': [1771], 'R.M.': [1772], 'Lipoprotein': [1773], 'subfractions': [1774, 3799], 'risk.Curr.': [1778], 'Opin.': [1779], '2010;': [1781, 1801, 2431], '21:': [1782], '305-311Crossref': [1783], '(177)': [1786], 'Scholar,21.Nordestgaard': [1788], 'B.G.': [1789, 2396, 2573], 'al.Lipoprotein(a)': [1791, 2290, 2345], 'factor:': [1796], 'status.Eur.': [1798], '31:': [1802, 2672], '2844-2853Crossref': [1803], '(1188)': [1806], 'Native': [1809], 'its': [1812, 1898, 2075, 3698, 3879], 'post-translationally': [1813], 'form,': [1815], 'oxLDL,': [1816, 1895], 'driving': [1819], '[22.Ference': [1827], 'B.A.': [1828], 'cause': [1832, 2767, 2791], '1.': [1836], 'Evidence': [1837], 'genetic,': [1839], 'epidemiologic,': [1840], 'clinical': [1842], 'studies.': [1843], 'consensus': [1845], 'statement': [1846], 'European': [1849], 'Atherosclerosis': [1850], 'Society': [1851], 'Consensus': [1852], 'Panel.Eur.': [1853], '2017;': [1856, 1917, 2060, 2101, 2301, 2356, 3203], '38:': [1857], '2459-2472Crossref': [1858], '(1325)': [1861], 'Macrophages': [1864], 'lesions': [1867], 'possess': [1868], 'scavenger': [1869], 'receptors': [1870, 2226, 2718, 2721], '(SRs)': [1871], 'SR-A1,': [1874], 'CD36,': [1875], "'lectin-like": [1877], 'oxLDL': [1878, 2109, 2152, 2201, 3467, 3565, 3630], "receptor-1',": [1879], 'recognise': [1881], 'oxidation-specific': [1882], 'epitopes,': [1883], 'ApoB-100': [1886], 'modification,': [1887, 1890], 'cholesteryl': [1888], 'ester': [1889], 'PL': [1892, 3704], 'facilitate': [1897], 'uptake,': [1899], 'native': [1902], '[23.Chistiakov': [1904, 2047, 2088], 'D.A.': [1905, 2048, 2089], 'al.Mechanisms': [1907, 2050, 2091], 'atherosclerosis.J.': [1913, 2056, 2097], 'Mol.': [1914, 1992, 2057, 2098, 2528, 2988, 3447], '(Berl.).': [1916, 2059, 2100, 3449], '95:': [1918, 2061, 2102], '1153-1165Crossref': [1919, 2062, 2103], '(249)': [1922, 2065, 2106], 'susceptibility': [1926], 'depends': [1932], 'density:': [1935], 'small': [1936], 'dense': [1938, 2427], 'likely': [1943], 'large': [1945], 'ones': [1946], 'oxidised.': [1949], 'underlying': [1951], 'mechanism': [1952, 3544], 'are,': [1958], 'date,': [1960], 'fully': [1962], 'understood;': [1963], 'however,': [1964, 3317], 'suggested': [1967], 'presence': [1974, 2266, 3333], 'proinflammatory': [1977, 3112], 'stage': [1978], '[24.Le': [1979], 'N.A.': [1980], 'Lipoprotein-associated': [1981], 'oxidative': [1982], 'stress:': [1983], 'twist': [1986], 'postprandial': [1989], 'hypothesis.Int.': [1990], 'Sci.': [1993, 2300, 2355], '16:': [1995, 3744], '401-419Crossref': [1996], '(31)': [1998], 'macrophage': [2002, 3012], 'phagocytosed': [2003], 'modified': [2006, 2071, 2381], 'converted': [2009, 2029, 3027], 'free': [2011, 2031, 2943, 2955, 2970], 'liposomal': [2015], 'lipase': [2017, 2372, 2636, 3664], 'further': [2019], 'acetyl-coenzyme': [2024], 'acetyltransferase,': [2026], 'endoplasmic': [2035], 'reticulum': [2036], 'exported': [2039], 'out': [2040], 'cells': [2043, 2229, 2447, 2500, 2599, 2714, 3170, 3480, 3614, 3617, 3886], 'transporters': [2046], 'atherogenicity': [2069], 'inability': [2076], 'degraded': [2079], 'thereby': [2082, 2237, 2378], 'aggregates': [2111], 'intensify': [2114], 'atherosclerosis': [2115, 2657, 2805, 3411], 'triggering': [2117, 2568], 'secretion': [2119], 'cytokines': [2122, 3625], 'growth': [2124, 3114, 3125, 3135], 'arterial': [2128, 2549, 2771], 'wall': [2129, 2550, 2772], '[25.Aviram': [2130], 'M.': [2131, 2180], 'Modified': [2132], 'forms': [2133], 'atherosclerosis.Atherosclerosis.': [2139], '1993;': [2140], '98:': [2141], '1-9Abstract': [2142], '(324)': [2148], 'Furthermore,': [2151], 'production': [2155, 2172, 3055, 3507], 'asymmetric': [2157], 'dimethylarginine': [2158], 'activating': [2160, 2323, 2972, 3264], 'S-adenosylmethionine-dependent': [2161], 'methyltransferases,': [2162], 'deteriorate': [2164], 'vascular': [2166, 2880, 3141, 3639, 3860], 'tone': [2167], 'decreasing': [2169], 'nitric': [2170, 2175, 3513, 3539], 'oxide': [2171, 2176, 3540], 'through': [2173, 2488, 2715, 3198, 3367], 'endothelial': [2174, 2228, 2446, 2478, 2598, 2691, 2833, 2864, 2895, 3538, 3662], 'synthase': [2177, 2331], 'inhibition': [2178], '[26.Mudau': [2179], 'al.Endothelial': [2182], 'dysfunction:': [2183], 'early': [2185, 3124, 3134], 'predictor': [2186, 3816], 'atherosclerosis.Cardiovasc.': [2188], 'Afr.': [2190], '2012;': [2191, 3595, 3842], '23:': [2192, 3247], '222-231Crossref': [2193], '(296)': [2196], 'promote': [2202, 2218, 3766, 3882], 'formation,': [2208, 2560, 2655, 2934], 'inflammation,': [2209, 3912], '2A': [2214], ').': [2215], 'VLDL': [2216, 2225], 'intercellular': [2219, 2454], 'leukocyte': [2220, 2254, 2891], 'migration': [2221, 2892], 'interaction': [2223, 2250], 'fibrin,': [2231], 'aiding': [2232], 'inflammation': [2239, 2768, 2793, 2814, 2862, 2899, 3713, 3916], '[27.Yakovlev': [2240], 'S.': [2241, 2461, 3581, 3731, 3850], 'al.Anti-VLDL': [2243], 'receptor': [2244, 2249, 2798], 'monoclonal': [2245], 'antibodies': [2246], 'inhibit': [2247], 'fibrin-VLDL': [2248], 'fibrin-dependent': [2253], 'transmigration.Thromb.': [2255], 'Haemost.': [2256], '116:': [2258], '1122-1130Crossref': [2259], '(12)': [2262, 2629], 'combination': [2270], 'deposition': [2277], 'calcium': [2279], 'phosphate': [2281], 'salts,': [2282], '[28.Yu': [2287, 2342], 'B.': [2288, 2343], 'induces': [2291, 2346, 3133], 'aortic': [2293, 2348, 3195, 3239], 'valve': [2294, 2349, 3168, 3196], 'interstitial': [2295, 2350, 3169], 'calcification.JACC': [2297, 2352], 'Basic': [2298, 2353], 'Transl.': [2299, 2354], '2:': [2302, 2357], '358-371Crossref': [2303, 2358], '(42)': [2306, 2361], 'accelerates': [2310], 'process': [2313], 'vitro': [2315], 'increasing': [2317, 2795, 2836], 'alkaline': [2319], 'phosphatase': [2320], 'activity': [2321, 2368, 2490, 3622, 3761], 'p38': [2325], 'mitogen-activated': [2326], 'protein': [2327, 2376, 2506, 3270], 'kinase': [2328, 2332, 3271], '(MAPK),': [2329], 'glycogen': [2330], '3': [2333], 'beta': [2334], '(GSK3β),': [2335], 'Wingless-related': [2337], 'integration': [2338], '(Wnt)': [2339], 'signal': [2340, 2896], 'pathways': [2341, 3184], 'Hypertriglyceridaemia': [2364], 'leads': [2365, 2930, 3051], 'reduced': [2367], 'hepatic': [2370, 3033], 'and/or': [2373], 'glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored': [2374], 'HDL-binding': [2375], '1,': [2377, 3399], 'liver,': [2386], 'concentration': [2390, 3338], '[29.Talayero': [2395], 'Sacks': [2397], 'F.M.': [2398], 'atherosclerosis.Curr.': [2404], '13:': [2408, 3497, 3551], '544-552Crossref': [2409], '(210)': [2412], 'Scholar,30.Zheng': [2414], 'al.Apolipoprotein': [2417], 'C-III': [2418], 'metabolic': [2421], 'hypertriglyceridemia': [2424], 'phenotype.Circulation.': [2430], '121:': [2432], '1722-1734Crossref': [2433], '(176)': [2436], 'TG-rich': [2439, 2544], 'produce': [2441, 2601], 'proteins': [2443], 'derived': [2444], 'containing': [2450], 'monocyte': [2451, 2801], 'chemoattractant': [2452, 2802], 'protein-1,': [2453, 2803], 'adhesion': [2455, 2480, 2882, 2905], 'molecule-1': [2456, 2883, 2906], '(ICAM-1),': [2457], 'E-selectins,': [2458], 'metalloproteases': [2459], '[31.Santamaria': [2460], 'de': [2462], 'Groot': [2463], 'R.': [2464], 'ADAMTS': [2465], 'proteases': [2466], 'physiology': [2469], 'disease.Open': [2471], '10200333Crossref': [2474], 'platelet': [2477, 3093], 'molecule-1,': [2481], 'interleukin': [2483], '(IL)-6,': [2484], 'released': [2487], 'transcription': [2492], 'nuclear': [2494], 'kappa-light-chain-enhancer': [2496], 'activated': [2498], '(NF-κB)': [2501], 'cAMP': [2503], 'response': [2504, 2518, 3126, 3136], 'element-binding': [2505], '[32.Norata': [2507], 'G.D.': [2508], 'al.Triglyceride-rich': [2510, 2681], 'hypertriglyceridemic': [2513], 'induce': [2515, 2690, 2876], 'pro-inflammatory': [2517], 'endothelium:': [2521], 'molecular': [2522], 'gene': [2525, 3137], 'expression': [2526, 2726, 2907, 3122, 3139, 3219, 3237], 'studies.J.': [2527], 'Cell.': [2529], '2006;': [2531, 3154, 3450], '40:': [2532], '484-494Abstract': [2533], '(51)': [2541], 'migrate': [2546], 'accumulation': [2555], 'remnant': [2557, 2562], 'cholesterol-aiding': [2558], 'whereas': [2561], 'remains': [2564], 'plagues,': [2567], '[33.Nordestgaard': [2572], 'Varbo': [2574], 'A.': [2575], 'Triglycerides': [2576], 'disease.Lancet.': [2579, 3419, 3678], '384:': [2581, 3421, 3680], '626-635Abstract': [2582], '(721)': [2590], 'Elevated': [2593], 'activate': [2597], 'hydroxylated': [2602], 'linoleates': [2603], '9-hydroxyoctadecadienoic': [2604], '(HODE)': [2606], '[34.Zhu': [2607], 'al.The': [2610], 'lipidome': [2612], 'widely': [2614], 'remodeled': [2615], 'fast': [2617], 'food': [2618], 'versus': [2619], 'Mediterranean': [2620], 'diet': [2621], '4': [2623], 'days.Metabolomics.': [2624], '15:': [2626, 2922], '114Crossref': [2627], '13-HODE': [2633, 2711], '(LPL)': [2637], 'lipolysis': [2638, 2683], 'upregulation': [2639], 'reactive': [2641, 2914], 'oxygen': [2642, 2915], 'species': [2643, 2916], '(ROS),': [2644], 'ICAM,': [2645, 2785], 'tumour': [2647], 'necrosis': [2648], 'factor-α': [2649], '(TNFα),': [2650], 'responses,': [2653], '[35.Goldberg': [2658], 'I.J.': [2659], 'al.Triglycerides': [2661], 'disease:': [2664, 2911], 'still': [2665], 'hypothesis?.Arterioscler.': [2667], '1716-1725Crossref': [2673], '(151)': [2676], 'Scholar,36.Wang': [2678], 'L.': [2679], 'releases': [2684], 'neutral': [2685], 'oxidized': [2687], 'FFAs': [2688], 'inflammation.J.': [2693], '50:': [2697], '204-213Abstract': [2698], '(190)': [2706], '9-HODE': [2709], 'interact': [2712], 'peroxisome': [2716], 'proliferator-activated': [2717], 'surface': [2720, 3392], 'FAs,': [2723], 'CD36': [2725], 'atherogenic': [2729], 'SR': [2730], '[37.Vaughan': [2731], 'A.M.': [2732], 'Oram': [2733], 'J.F.': [2734], 'ABCG1': [2735], 'redistributes': [2736], 'domains': [2740], 'removable': [2741], 'lipid-depleted': [2749], 'apolipoproteins.J.': [2750], 'Chem.': [2752], '2005;': [2753, 2867], '280:': [2754], '30150-30157Abstract': [2755], '(219)': [2763], 'along': [2769, 3525], 'release': [2776, 2878], '9-HODE,': [2782], '13-HODE,': [2783], 'ROS,': [2784], 'TNFα': [2787], '2B).': [2789, 3901], 'TFAs': [2790, 2875], 'systemic': [2792, 2813], 'IL-6,': [2796, 3627], 'TNF': [2797], 'densities,': [2799], 'causing': [2804], '[38.Mozaffarian': [2806], 'D.': [2807], 'al.Trans': [2809], 'failure.Am.': [2817], 'Nutr.': [2820, 2866], '2004;': [2821], '80:': [2822], '1521-1525Crossref': [2823], '(149)': [2826], 'TFA': [2830], 'intake': [2831, 3050], 'dysfunction': [2834, 3260, 3287, 3735, 3768], 'soluble': [2837], 'ICAM-1,': [2838], 'transmigration': [2840], 'leukocytes': [2842], 'blood': [2844], 'vessels': [2845], '[39.Lopez-Garcia': [2848], 'E.': [2849], 'al.Consumption': [2851], 'trans': [2853], 'related': [2857], 'dysfunction.J.': [2865], '135:': [2868], '562-566Crossref': [2869], '(468)': [2872], '(VCAM-1)': [2884], 'acting': [2886], 'scaffold': [2889], 'transduction,': [2897], 'stimulating': [2898, 3216], '[40.Cook-Mills': [2900], 'J.M.': [2901], 'al.Vascular': [2903], 'signaling': [2909], 'during': [2910, 2942], 'regulation': [2912], 'antioxidants.Antioxid.': [2918], 'Redox': [2919], 'Signal.': [2920], '1607-1638Crossref': [2923], '(295)': [2926], 'Phosphatidylcholine': [2929, 2998], 'phosphatidylcholine': [2940, 2951, 3049, 3074], 'biosynthesis': [2941, 2952], 'macrophages.': [2947], 'maintains': [2953], 'cholesterol/phosphatidylcholine': [2956], 'cell,': [2960], 'prerequisite': [2962], 'survival,': [2965], 'achieved': [2968], 'choline-phosphate': [2974], 'cytidylyltransferase': [2975], 'enzyme': [2976, 3374], '[41.Krahmer': [2977], 'N.': [2978], 'al.Balancing': [2980], 'fat:': [2982], 'droplets': [2984], 'disease.EMBO': [2987], '2013;': [2990, 3866], '973-983Crossref': [2992], '(278)': [2995], 'metabolised': [3000, 3018], 'intestinal': [3002], 'microbes,': [3003], 'metabolites,': [3007], 'choline': [3008], 'betaine,': [3010], 'upregulate': [3011], 'SRs.': [3013], 'Choline': [3014], 'betaine': [3016], 'gut': [3020], 'microflora': [3021], 'trimethylamine': [3023, 3029], 'before': [3024], 'N-oxide': [3030], '(TMAO)': [3031], 'flavin': [3034], 'monooxygenase.': [3035], 'There': [3036], 'dose-dependent': [3039], 'TMAO': [3042, 3054], 'burden.': [3047], 'contributes': [3057], 'end-stage': [3064], 'renal': [3065], '[42.Wang': [3067], 'Z.': [3068], 'al.Gut': [3070], 'flora': [3071], 'metabolism': [3072], 'promotes': [3075, 3191, 3212], 'disease.Nature.': [3077], '472:': [3079], '57-63Crossref': [3080], '(3209)': [3083], 'LPA': [3086, 3110, 3175, 3211, 3254, 3266], 'accumulates': [3087], 'both': [3092], 'activation': [3094], 'thrombogenesis,': [3096], 'cofactor': [3099], 'alongside': [3100], 'ICAM-1': [3101], 'VCAM-1': [3103], 'collagen': [3105], 'I': [3107], 'III.': [3109], 'triggers': [3111], 'cytokines,': [3113], 'factors,': [3115], 'coagulation': [3117], 'inducing': [3120], 'factor-1': [3127], '[43.Cui': [3128], 'M.Z.': [3129, 3229], 'al.Lysophosphatidic': [3131, 3231, 3281], 'smooth': [3142, 3221, 3240, 3612], 'muscle': [3143, 3222, 3241, 3613], 'cells:': [3144], 'CRE': [3145], 'SRE': [3147], 'mediate': [3148, 3888], 'transcription.Arterioscler.': [3150], '26:': [3155], '1029-1035Crossref': [3156], '(32)': [3159], 'mineralisation': [3163], 'osteogenic': [3165, 3621], 'differentiation': [3166], 'interacting': [3172], 'receptor-1': [3176], 'Ras': [3178], 'homolog': [3179], 'family': [3180], 'member': [3181, 3398], '(RhoA)/NF-κB': [3183], '[44.Nsaibia': [3185], 'M.J.': [3186], 'al.OxLDL-derived': [3188], 'stenosis': [3197], 'LPAR1-RhoA-NF-kappaB': [3200], 'pathway.Cardiovasc.': [3201], '113:': [3204], '1351-1363Crossref': [3205], '(57)': [3208, 3600], 'tissue': [3217, 3235], 'cells,': [3223], 'macrovascular': [3226], '[45.Cui': [3228], 'induction': [3233], 'cells.Arterioscler.': [3242], '2003;': [3246, 3550], '224-230Crossref': [3248], '(44)': [3251], 'suppresses': [3255], 'autophagy,': [3256], 'cardiac': [3259, 3286], 'hypertrophy': [3262, 3289], 'receptor-3': [3267], 'B/mammalian': [3272], 'target': [3273], 'rapamycin': [3275], 'signalling': [3276, 3511, 3530], 'pathway': [3277], '[46.Yang': [3278], 'suppressing': [3291], 'autophagy': [3292], 'via': [3293, 3470], 'LPA3/AKT/mTOR': [3295], 'pathway.Front.': [3296], 'Physiol.': [3297], '2018;': [3298, 3743, 3939], '9:': [3299], '1315Crossref': [3300], '(18)': [3303], 'subclass': [3310, 3324], 'profound': [3313], 'CVDs;': [3316], 'cofactors,': [3335], 'lipids.': [3341], 'section': [3343], 'characterises': [3344], 'these': [3345], 'lipids,': [3346], 'conditions': [3353], 'negate': [3355], 'effects.': [3358], 'Remodelling': [3359], 'nascent': [3361], 'mature': [3365], 'esterification': [3369], 'lecithin-cholesterol': [3375], 'acyltransferase,': [3376], 'well': [3378], 'transfer': [3382], 'additional': [3384], 'transporter': [3393], 'ATP-binding': [3394], 'cassette': [3395], 'subfamily': [3396], 'G': [3397, 3665], 'action': [3402], 'SR-B1,': [3404], '[47.Rader': [3412, 3671], 'Hovingh': [3414, 3673], 'G.K.': [3415, 3674], '618-625Abstract': [3422, 3681], '(392)': [3430, 3689], 'Scholar,48.Zannis': [3432], 'V.I.': [3433], 'al.Role': [3435], 'apoA-I,': [3437], 'ABCA1,': [3438], 'LCAT,': [3439], 'SR-BI': [3441], 'biogenesis': [3444], 'HDL.J.': [3446], '84:': [3451], '276-294Crossref': [3452], '(301)': [3455], '2C).': [3459], 'Lipid-poor': [3460], 'pre-β-HDL': [3461], 'remove': [3463], 'abundant': [3464], 'macrophages': [3469], 'reverse': [3471, 3889], 'transport,': [3473, 3891], 'otherwise': [3475], 'transforms': [3476], 'having': [3481], 'proatherosclerotic': [3483], '[49.Rosenson': [3485], 'R.S.': [3486], 'al.Dysfunctional': [3488], 'disease.Nat.': [3493], 'Rev.': [3494], '48-60Crossref': [3498], '(390)': [3501], 'atheroprotective': [3510], 'molecule': [3512], 'oxide,': [3514], 'triggered': [3517], 'Src-': [3520], 'phosphatidylinositol': [3522], '3-kinase-mediated': [3523], 'signalling,': [3524], 'Akt': [3527], 'MAPK': [3529], '[50.Mineo': [3531], 'Shaul': [3533], 'P.W.': [3534], 'stimulation': [3536], 'synthase:': [3541], 'action.Trends': [3547], 'Cardiovasc.': [3548], '226-231Crossref': [3552], '(94)': [3555], 'inhibits': [3561], 'contains': [3568], 'enzymes': [3569], 'antioxidant-like': [3571], 'activities': [3572], 'paraoxonase': [3575], 'platelet-activating': [3577], 'acetylhydrolase': [3579], '[51.Bandeali': [3580], 'Farmer': [3582], 'High-density': [3584, 3732], 'atherosclerosis:': [3587], 'antioxidant': [3591], 'activity.Curr.': [3592], 'Atheroscler.': [3593], '14:': [3596], '101-107Crossref': [3597], 'prevents': [3604], 'inhibiting': [3608], 'transdifferentiation': [3610], 'osteoblast-like': [3616], 'IL-1β,': [3626], 'minimally': [3629], '[52.Parhami': [3631], 'regulates': [3636], 'cells.Circ.': [3640], '91:': [3643], '570-576Crossref': [3644], '(161)': [3647], 'caused': [3656], 'mutation': [3659], '(LIPG)': [3666], 'loss-of-function': [3669], 'SNP': [3670], 'changes': [3696], 'composition,': [3699], 'differences': [3702], 'unsaturated': [3706], 'content;': [3708], 'percentage': [3709], 'esterified': [3711], 'lipids;': [3712], 'glycation': [3715], 'A-I': [3718], '(ApoA-I),': [3719], 'myeloperoxidase,': [3720], 'paraoxonase;': [3722], '[53.Ertek': [3730], '(HDL)': [3734], 'future': [3738], 'HDL.Curr.': [3740], '490-498Crossref': [3745], '(19)': [3747], 'Oxidised': [3750], 'cargo': [3751], 'molecules,': [3752], 'glycated': [3753], 'ApoA-I,': [3754, 3797], 'glucose': [3757], 'anti-inflammatory': [3760], '[54.Hedrick': [3769], 'C.C.': [3770], 'al.Glycation': [3772], 'impairs': [3773], 'function.Diabetologia.': [3776], '2000;': [3777], '43:': [3778], '312-320Crossref': [3779], '(252)': [3782], 'comparison': [3786], 'risk-predicting': [3790], 'HDL-related': [3793], 'analytes': [3794], 'HDL2': [3800], 'HDL3,': [3802], '(HDL-P)': [3808], 'HDL-P': [3811], 'better': [3815], 'incident': [3818], '[55.Mackey': [3820], 'R.H.': [3821], 'concentrations,': [3828], 'atherosclerosis,': [3830], 'events:': [3833], 'MESA': [3834], '(Multi-Ethnic': [3835], 'Atherosclerosis).J.': [3838], 'Am.': [3839], 'Coll.': [3840], '60:': [3843], '508-516Crossref': [3844], '(279)': [3847], 'Scholar,56.Mora': [3849], 'cholesterol,': [3854], 'size,': [3855], 'number,': [3857], 'residual': [3859], 'after': [3862], 'potent': [3863], 'statin': [3864], 'therapy.Circulation.': [3865], '128:': [3867], '1189-1197Crossref': [3868], '(173)': [3871], 'Thus,': [3874], 'functions,': [3876], 'ability': [3880], 'efflux': [3884], 'Polyunsaturated': [3902], 'FAs': [3903, 3946], 'omega-3': [3904, 3914, 3923], 'omega-6': [3906, 3918], 'counteractive': [3908], 'terms': [3910], 'nullifying': [3919], '[57.DiNicolantonio': [3924], 'J.J.': [3925], "O'Keefe": [3926], 'J.H.': [3927], 'Importance': [3928], 'maintaining': [3930], 'omega-6/omega-3': [3933], 'inflammation.Open': [3937], 'Heart.': [3938], '5e000946Crossref': [3940], '(78)': [3942], 'Omega-3': [3945], 'fish': [3948], 'oils,': [3949], "'eicosapentaenoic": [3953], "acid'": [3954], '(EPA)': [3955], "'docosahexaenoic": [3957]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4220847559', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 26}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 21}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-16T21:19:46.339862', 'created_date': '2022-04-03'}
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