Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W3009468168', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3390/e22030309', 'title': 'Nonlinear Methods Most Applied to Heart-Rate Time Series: A Review', 'display_name': 'Nonlinear Methods Most Applied to Heart-Rate Time Series: A Review', 'publication_year': 2020, 'publication_date': '2020-03-09', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W3009468168', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3390/e22030309', 'mag': '3009468168', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33286083', 'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7516766'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3390/e22030309', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/22/3/309/pdf?version=1585215121', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S195231649', 'display_name': 'Entropy', 'issn_l': '1099-4300', 'issn': ['1099-4300'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310310987', 'host_organization_name': 'Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310310987'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'doaj', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'gold', 'oa_url': 'https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/22/3/309/pdf?version=1585215121', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5031822588', 'display_name': 'Teresa Henriques', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4032-9594'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I182534213', 'display_name': 'Universidade do Porto', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/043pwc612', 'country_code': 'PT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I182534213']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210137384', 'display_name': 'Centre for Health Technology and Services Research', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0434vme59', 'country_code': 'PT', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210137384']}], 'countries': ['PT'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Teresa Henriques', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Centre for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Faculty of Medicine University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal', 'Health Information and Decision Sciences Department-MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Centre for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Faculty of Medicine University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I182534213', 'https://openalex.org/I4210137384']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Health Information and Decision Sciences Department-MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I182534213']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5014016869', 'display_name': 'Maria Ribeiro', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4337-1920'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I182534213', 'display_name': 'Universidade do Porto', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/043pwc612', 'country_code': 'PT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I182534213']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210166615', 'display_name': 'INESC TEC', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05fa8ka61', 'country_code': 'PT', 'type': 'nonprofit', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210125590', 'https://openalex.org/I4210166615']}], 'countries': ['PT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Maria Ribeiro', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Computer Science Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal', 'Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science (INESC-TEC), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Computer Science Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I182534213']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science (INESC-TEC), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210166615']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5009420670', 'display_name': 'Andréia Teixeira', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1199-2220'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210137384', 'display_name': 'Centre for Health Technology and Services Research', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0434vme59', 'country_code': 'PT', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210137384']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I182534213', 'display_name': 'Universidade do Porto', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/043pwc612', 'country_code': 'PT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I182534213']}], 'countries': ['PT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Andreia Teixeira', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Centre for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Faculty of Medicine University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal', 'Health Information and Decision Sciences Department-MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Centre for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Faculty of Medicine University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210137384', 'https://openalex.org/I182534213']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Health Information and Decision Sciences Department-MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I182534213']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5037542727', 'display_name': 'Luísa Castro', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1312-0154'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210137384', 'display_name': 'Centre for Health Technology and Services Research', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0434vme59', 'country_code': 'PT', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210137384']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I182534213', 'display_name': 'Universidade do Porto', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/043pwc612', 'country_code': 'PT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I182534213']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210166615', 'display_name': 'INESC TEC', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05fa8ka61', 'country_code': 'PT', 'type': 'nonprofit', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210125590', 'https://openalex.org/I4210166615']}], 'countries': ['PT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Luísa Castro', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Centre for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Faculty of Medicine University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal', 'Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science (INESC-TEC), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Centre for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Faculty of Medicine University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210137384', 'https://openalex.org/I182534213']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science (INESC-TEC), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210166615']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5048190616', 'display_name': 'Luís Antunes', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9988-594X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210166615', 'display_name': 'INESC TEC', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05fa8ka61', 'country_code': 'PT', 'type': 'nonprofit', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210125590', 'https://openalex.org/I4210166615']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I182534213', 'display_name': 'Universidade do Porto', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/043pwc612', 'country_code': 'PT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I182534213']}], 'countries': ['PT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Luís Antunes', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Computer Science Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal', 'Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science (INESC-TEC), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science (INESC-TEC), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210166615']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Computer Science Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I182534213']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5018549022', 'display_name': 'Cristina Santos', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7109-1101'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210137384', 'display_name': 'Centre for Health Technology and Services Research', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0434vme59', 'country_code': 'PT', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210137384']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I182534213', 'display_name': 'Universidade do Porto', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/043pwc612', 'country_code': 'PT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I182534213']}], 'countries': ['PT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Cristina Costa-Santos', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Centre for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Faculty of Medicine University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal', 'Health Information and Decision Sciences Department-MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Centre for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Faculty of Medicine University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210137384', 'https://openalex.org/I182534213']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Health Information and Decision Sciences Department-MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I182534213']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5031822588'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I182534213', 'https://openalex.org/I4210137384'], 'apc_list': {'value': 2000, 'currency': 'CHF', 'value_usd': 2165, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 2000, 'currency': 'CHF', 'value_usd': 2165, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 4.365, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 115, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999481, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '22', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '309', 'last_page': '309'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10745', 'display_name': 'Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control', 'score': 0.9977, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2705', 'display_name': 'Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10745', 'display_name': 'Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control', 'score': 0.9977, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2705', 'display_name': 'Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11270', 'display_name': 'Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis', 'score': 0.9958, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10244', 'display_name': 'Chaos control and synchronization', 'score': 0.9762, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3109', 'display_name': 'Statistical and Nonlinear Physics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/correlation-dimension', 'display_name': 'Correlation dimension', 'score': 0.78117806}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/hurst-exponent', 'display_name': 'Hurst exponent', 'score': 0.7344072}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrence-plot', 'display_name': 'Recurrence plot', 'score': 0.7134745}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/sample-entropy', 'display_name': 'Sample entropy', 'score': 0.6820919}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrence-quantification-analysis', 'display_name': 'Recurrence quantification analysis', 'score': 0.55457485}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/chaos-theory', 'display_name': 'Chaos theory', 'score': 0.44837156}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/symbolic-dynamics', 'display_name': 'Symbolic dynamics', 'score': 0.43744892}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/approximate-entropy', 'display_name': 'Approximate entropy', 'score': 0.43528748}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C21689155', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2451452', 'display_name': 'Detrended fluctuation analysis', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8235565}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C110601934', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172849', 'display_name': 'Correlation dimension', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.78117806}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C96835011', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1638718', 'display_name': 'Hurst exponent', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7344072}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C173134143', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2797953', 'display_name': 'Recurrence plot', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7134745}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C191544260', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1238630', 'display_name': 'Lyapunov exponent', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7046655}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C66696666', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105612', 'display_name': 'Sample entropy', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6820919}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C26546657', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412452', 'display_name': 'Fractal dimension', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5969782}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C43456602', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7303254', 'display_name': 'Recurrence quantification analysis', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.55457485}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C158622935', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848', 'display_name': 'Nonlinear system', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5383872}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121864883', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916', 'display_name': 'Statistical physics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.49804926}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71635504', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q933954', 'display_name': 'Heart rate variability', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.49252614}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C106301342', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933', 'display_name': 'Entropy (arrow of time)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47319958}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.46894905}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C40636538', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81392', 'display_name': 'Fractal', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.468741}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C92866567', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166314', 'display_name': 'Chaos theory', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.44837156}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C16101541', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1350838', 'display_name': 'Symbolic dynamics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.43744892}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86859247', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4781760', 'display_name': 'Approximate entropy', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.43528748}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.39324462}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C151406439', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186588', 'display_name': 'Time series', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.3747362}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777953023', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1073121', 'display_name': 'Heart rate', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.28023744}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105795698', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483', 'display_name': 'Statistics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.26048332}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154945302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660', 'display_name': 'Artificial intelligence', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.23600757}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777052490', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072826', 'display_name': 'Chaotic', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.12039742}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134306372', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754', 'display_name': 'Mathematical analysis', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.118320495}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C84393581', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642', 'display_name': 'Blood pressure', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.09406844}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C99844830', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924', 'display_name': 'Scaling', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.092207104}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.07590258}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.07542208}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2524010', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087', 'display_name': 'Geometry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126838900', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604', 'display_name': 'Radiology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C202444582', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863', 'display_name': 'Pure mathematics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 4, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3390/e22030309', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/22/3/309/pdf?version=1585215121', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S195231649', 'display_name': 'Entropy', 'issn_l': '1099-4300', 'issn': ['1099-4300'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310310987', 'host_organization_name': 'Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310310987'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doaj.org/article/dbbdd210064e46679219cf81e189fdf0', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401280', 'display_name': 'DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7516766', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33286083', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3390/e22030309', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/22/3/309/pdf?version=1585215121', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S195231649', 'display_name': 'Entropy', 'issn_l': '1099-4300', 'issn': ['1099-4300'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310310987', 'host_organization_name': 'Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310310987'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.48, 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3'}], 'grants': [{'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320332999', 'funder_display_name': 'Horizon 2020 Framework Programme', 'award_id': '689260'}, {'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320334779', 'funder_display_name': 'Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia', 'award_id': 'SFRH/BD/138302/2018'}, {'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320334779', 'funder_display_name': 'Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia', 'award_id': 'UID/EEA/50014/2019'}], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 161, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W122965473', 'https://openalex.org/W1521862445', 'https://openalex.org/W1549386224', 'https://openalex.org/W1556844948', 'https://openalex.org/W1638203394', 'https://openalex.org/W1677378388', 'https://openalex.org/W1776514298', 'https://openalex.org/W1824152488', 'https://openalex.org/W1862394037', 'https://openalex.org/W1879998264', 'https://openalex.org/W1899611171', 'https://openalex.org/W1929108078', 'https://openalex.org/W1964694080', 'https://openalex.org/W1966617449', 'https://openalex.org/W1968508553', 'https://openalex.org/W1968647773', 'https://openalex.org/W1974376512', 'https://openalex.org/W1975642142', 'https://openalex.org/W1976010007', 'https://openalex.org/W1976338337', 'https://openalex.org/W1977495669', 'https://openalex.org/W1977872667', 'https://openalex.org/W1981994692', 'https://openalex.org/W1982345151', 'https://openalex.org/W1982531156', 'https://openalex.org/W1982692087', 'https://openalex.org/W1985185626', 'https://openalex.org/W1986488785', 'https://openalex.org/W1989415069', 'https://openalex.org/W1991595392', 'https://openalex.org/W1994233698', 'https://openalex.org/W1995875735', 'https://openalex.org/W1997560427', 'https://openalex.org/W1998727969', 'https://openalex.org/W1999320110', 'https://openalex.org/W2000902737', 'https://openalex.org/W2004021828', 'https://openalex.org/W2006524496', 'https://openalex.org/W2010187498', 'https://openalex.org/W2010461070', 'https://openalex.org/W2012484413', 'https://openalex.org/W2017821362', 'https://openalex.org/W2020743612', 'https://openalex.org/W2020870533', 'https://openalex.org/W2020872171', 'https://openalex.org/W2021193403', 'https://openalex.org/W2023583070', 'https://openalex.org/W2026992277', 'https://openalex.org/W2027480284', 'https://openalex.org/W2028697832', 'https://openalex.org/W2028791472', 'https://openalex.org/W2030331016', 'https://openalex.org/W2031365860', 'https://openalex.org/W2031868917', 'https://openalex.org/W2032319886', 'https://openalex.org/W2032456190', 'https://openalex.org/W2033028174', 'https://openalex.org/W2033918426', 'https://openalex.org/W2038865193', 'https://openalex.org/W2040488623', 'https://openalex.org/W2040704490', 'https://openalex.org/W2041853828', 'https://openalex.org/W2044257293', 'https://openalex.org/W2048761108', 'https://openalex.org/W2048811598', 'https://openalex.org/W2049225319', 'https://openalex.org/W2051376424', 'https://openalex.org/W2056651346', 'https://openalex.org/W2059151528', 'https://openalex.org/W2059851411', 'https://openalex.org/W2060382203', 'https://openalex.org/W2062948063', 'https://openalex.org/W2064239243', 'https://openalex.org/W2068199737', 'https://openalex.org/W2069611832', 'https://openalex.org/W2070565950', 'https://openalex.org/W2071589887', 'https://openalex.org/W2071602085', 'https://openalex.org/W2072062726', 'https://openalex.org/W2074189988', 'https://openalex.org/W2076151226', 'https://openalex.org/W2077204677', 'https://openalex.org/W2080515327', 'https://openalex.org/W2081681829', 'https://openalex.org/W2082953463', 'https://openalex.org/W2083361829', 'https://openalex.org/W2085793407', 'https://openalex.org/W2086434798', 'https://openalex.org/W2089034242', 'https://openalex.org/W2093266575', 'https://openalex.org/W2097147533', 'https://openalex.org/W2099277585', 'https://openalex.org/W2099593264', 'https://openalex.org/W2102566115', 'https://openalex.org/W2103484453', 'https://openalex.org/W2104559254', 'https://openalex.org/W2106822551', 'https://openalex.org/W2107530490', 'https://openalex.org/W2108139264', 'https://openalex.org/W2108350279', 'https://openalex.org/W2109394932', 'https://openalex.org/W2110815905', 'https://openalex.org/W2111859219', 'https://openalex.org/W2113640125', 'https://openalex.org/W2113944951', 'https://openalex.org/W2116002001', 'https://openalex.org/W2118183148', 'https://openalex.org/W2121383959', 'https://openalex.org/W2122080708', 'https://openalex.org/W2124428761', 'https://openalex.org/W2127873098', 'https://openalex.org/W2128242332', 'https://openalex.org/W2128935152', 'https://openalex.org/W2129620300', 'https://openalex.org/W2132635589', 'https://openalex.org/W2133797783', 'https://openalex.org/W2136671448', 'https://openalex.org/W2140005438', 'https://openalex.org/W2146203966', 'https://openalex.org/W2148785916', 'https://openalex.org/W2150364995', 'https://openalex.org/W2150789152', 'https://openalex.org/W2152254020', 'https://openalex.org/W2152702278', 'https://openalex.org/W2155659544', 'https://openalex.org/W2156340241', 'https://openalex.org/W2156770021', 'https://openalex.org/W2158283611', 'https://openalex.org/W2162273778', 'https://openalex.org/W2162800060', 'https://openalex.org/W2164249944', 'https://openalex.org/W2164651630', 'https://openalex.org/W2167928942', 'https://openalex.org/W2169316412', 'https://openalex.org/W2170180953', 'https://openalex.org/W2170785660', 'https://openalex.org/W2171138447', 'https://openalex.org/W2200810562', 'https://openalex.org/W2221831393', 'https://openalex.org/W2229633252', 'https://openalex.org/W2236623899', 'https://openalex.org/W2341760625', 'https://openalex.org/W2399259105', 'https://openalex.org/W2461661724', 'https://openalex.org/W2582697902', 'https://openalex.org/W2593714567', 'https://openalex.org/W2594508480', 'https://openalex.org/W2608211709', 'https://openalex.org/W2617535932', 'https://openalex.org/W2627057354', 'https://openalex.org/W2773861965', 'https://openalex.org/W2802555865', 'https://openalex.org/W2907371384', 'https://openalex.org/W2941278302', 'https://openalex.org/W2963768879', 'https://openalex.org/W2977474616', 'https://openalex.org/W2995835361', 'https://openalex.org/W3103629061', 'https://openalex.org/W4211252036', 'https://openalex.org/W427663725', 'https://openalex.org/W74712529'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4387579514', 'https://openalex.org/W4385146532', 'https://openalex.org/W4309197050', 'https://openalex.org/W4300981891', 'https://openalex.org/W4236831073', 'https://openalex.org/W2368906896', 'https://openalex.org/W2129877382', 'https://openalex.org/W2128935152', 'https://openalex.org/W2128285247', 'https://openalex.org/W2011777788'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'The': [0], 'heart-rate': [1, 18, 65], 'dynamics': [2, 34], 'are': [3, 45], 'one': [4], 'of': [5, 74, 113], 'the': [6, 32, 58, 87, 111, 114], 'most': [7, 61, 119], 'analyzed': [8], 'physiological': [9], 'interactions.': [10], 'Many': [11], 'mathematical': [12], 'methods': [13, 21, 60, 70, 115], 'were': [14], 'proposed': [15], 'to': [16, 28, 56, 63], 'evaluate': [17], 'variability.': [19], 'These': [20], 'have': [22], 'been': [23], 'successfully': [24], 'applied': [25], 'in': [26, 35, 40], 'research': [27], 'expand': [29], 'knowledge': [30], 'concerning': [31], 'cardiovascular': [33], 'healthy': [36], 'as': [37, 39], 'well': [38], 'pathological': [41], 'conditions.': [42], 'Notwithstanding,': [43], 'they': [44], 'still': [46], 'far': [47], 'from': [48], 'clinical': [49], 'practice.': [50], 'In': [51], 'this': [52], 'paper,': [53], 'we': [54], 'aim': [55], 'review': [57], 'nonlinear': [59], 'used': [62], 'assess': [64], 'dynamics.': [66, 108], 'We': [67, 109], 'focused': [68], 'on': [69, 72], 'based': [71], 'concepts': [73], 'chaos,': [75], 'fractality,': [76], 'and': [77, 103, 106], 'complexity:': [78], 'Poincaré': [79], 'plot,': [80], 'recurrence': [81], 'plot': [82], 'analysis,': [83, 92], 'fractal': [84], 'dimension': [85], '(and': [86], 'correlation': [88], 'dimension),': [89], 'detrended': [90], 'fluctuation': [91], 'Hurst': [93], 'exponent,': [94], 'Lyapunov': [95], 'exponent': [96], 'entropies': [97], '(Shannon,': [98], 'conditional,': [99], 'approximate,': [100], 'sample': [101], 'entropy,': [102], 'multiscale': [104], 'entropy),': [105], 'symbolic': [107], 'present': [110], 'description': [112], 'along': [116], 'with': [117], 'their': [118], 'notable': [120], 'applications.': [121]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3009468168', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 28}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 30}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 30}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 22}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 5}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-02T23:04:00.464685', 'created_date': '2020-03-13'}