Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2902520701', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/hp.0000000000000958', 'title': 'THE DOSE AND DOSE-RATE EFFECTIVENESS FACTOR (DDREF)', 'display_name': 'THE DOSE AND DOSE-RATE EFFECTIVENESS FACTOR (DDREF)', 'publication_year': 2018, 'publication_date': '2018-11-29', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2902520701', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/hp.0000000000000958', 'mag': '2902520701', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30489371'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/hp.0000000000000958', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S100299040', 'display_name': 'Health Physics', 'issn_l': '0017-9078', 'issn': ['0017-9078', '1538-5159'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'host_organization_name': 'Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'https://openalex.org/P4310318547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'Wolters Kluwer'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10666559', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5085031444', 'display_name': 'Richard Wakeford', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2934-0987'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210141155', 'display_name': 'International Commission on Radiological Protection', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03k3apd45', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'nonprofit', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210141155']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Richard Wakeford', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Task Group 91 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Task Group 91 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Task Group 91 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Task Group 91 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Task Group 91 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Task Group 91 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Task Group 91 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Task Group 91 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Task Group 91 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Task Group 91 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Task Group 91 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Task Group 91 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Task Group 91 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Task Group 91 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Task Group 91 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Task Group 91 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Task Group 91 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Task Group 91 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Task Group 91 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Task Group 91 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Task Group 91 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Task Group 91 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Task Group 91 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection Task Group 91 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210141155']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5049042449', 'display_name': 'Tamara V. Azizova', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6954-2674'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Tamara Azizova', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5053689153', 'display_name': 'Wolfgang Dörr', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1477-6849'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Wolfgang Dörr', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5027756756', 'display_name': 'J. Garnier-Laplace', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3486-147X'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Jacqueline Garnier-Laplace', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5041206659', 'display_name': 'Michael Hauptmann', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8539-0148'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Michael Hauptmann', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5084578086', 'display_name': 'Kotaro Ozasa', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5637-1383'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Kotaro Ozasa', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5002103948', 'display_name': 'Preetha Rajaraman', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6649-999X'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Preetha Rajaraman', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5103394920', 'display_name': 'Kazuo Sakai', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Kazuo Sakai', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5011126877', 'display_name': 'Sisko Salomaa', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6866-655X'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Sisko Salomaa', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5021401003', 'display_name': 'Mikhail Sokolnikov', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9492-4316'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Mikhail Sokolnikov', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5046814044', 'display_name': 'Dan Stram', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Dan Stram', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5101079763', 'display_name': 'Quanfu Sun', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3570-4461'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Quanfu Sun', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5032391187', 'display_name': 'Andrzej Wójcik', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3951-774X'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Andrzej Wojcik', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5013199232', 'display_name': 'Gayle E. Woloschak', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9209-8954'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Gayle Woloschak', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5009997717', 'display_name': 'Simon Bouffler', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1883-919X'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Simon Bouffler', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5073763320', 'display_name': 'Bernd Grosche', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2024-3555'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Bernd Grosche', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5015538719', 'display_name': 'Michiaki Kai', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7812-727X'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Michiaki Kai', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5086676933', 'display_name': 'Mark P. Little', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0980-7567'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Mark P Little', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5054222139', 'display_name': 'Roy E. Shore', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6842-2248'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Roy E Shore', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5054855893', 'display_name': 'Linda Walsh', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7399-9191'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Linda Walsh', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5007058988', 'display_name': 'W. Rühm', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6354-7359'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Werner Rühm', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.967, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 14, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999951, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 88, 'max': 89}, 'biblio': {'volume': '116', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '96', 'last_page': '99'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10844', 'display_name': 'Health Risks of Medical Imaging Radiation Exposure', 'score': 0.999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2741', 'display_name': 'Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10844', 'display_name': 'Health Risks of Medical Imaging Radiation Exposure', 'score': 0.999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2741', 'display_name': 'Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10706', 'display_name': 'Management and Pathophysiology of Traumatic Brain Injury', 'score': 0.9928, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2728', 'display_name': 'Neurology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11930', 'display_name': 'Perioperative Cardiac Risk Assessment and Management', 'score': 0.9913, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2705', 'display_name': 'Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/dose-reduction', 'display_name': 'Dose Reduction', 'score': 0.567654}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142362112', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735', 'display_name': 'Art', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.41084838}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C52119013', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637', 'display_name': 'Art history', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3348394}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D009381', 'descriptor_name': 'Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000209', 'qualifier_name': 'etiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000069079', 'descriptor_name': 'Radiation Exposure', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000032', 'qualifier_name': 'analysis', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011835', 'descriptor_name': 'Radiation Protection', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018570', 'descriptor_name': 'Risk Assessment', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004307', 'descriptor_name': 'Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009381', 'descriptor_name': 'Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000069079', 'descriptor_name': 'Radiation Exposure', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000069079', 'descriptor_name': 'Radiation Exposure', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000009', 'qualifier_name': 'adverse effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011835', 'descriptor_name': 'Radiation Protection', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012062', 'descriptor_name': 'Relative Biological Effectiveness', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018570', 'descriptor_name': 'Risk Assessment', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/hp.0000000000000958', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S100299040', 'display_name': 'Health Physics', 'issn_l': '0017-9078', 'issn': ['0017-9078', '1538-5159'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'host_organization_name': 'Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'https://openalex.org/P4310318547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'Wolters Kluwer'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10666559', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'acceptedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30489371', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10666559', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'acceptedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': False}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.56, 'display_name': 'Life below water', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 18, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1417338909', 'https://openalex.org/W1873190193', 'https://openalex.org/W2047644498', 'https://openalex.org/W2094153418', 'https://openalex.org/W2100018419', 'https://openalex.org/W2123694074', 'https://openalex.org/W2124435581', 'https://openalex.org/W2190134603', 'https://openalex.org/W2294059604', 'https://openalex.org/W2599903518', 'https://openalex.org/W2602982235', 'https://openalex.org/W2605190057', 'https://openalex.org/W2606268437', 'https://openalex.org/W2759434871', 'https://openalex.org/W2790639160', 'https://openalex.org/W2792989648', 'https://openalex.org/W2797528053', 'https://openalex.org/W2800414692'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4387497383', 'https://openalex.org/W3193615524', 'https://openalex.org/W3183948672', 'https://openalex.org/W3173606202', 'https://openalex.org/W3110381201', 'https://openalex.org/W2948807893', 'https://openalex.org/W2778153218', 'https://openalex.org/W2758277628', 'https://openalex.org/W2748952813', 'https://openalex.org/W1531601525'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Wakeford,': [0], 'Richard;': [1], 'Azizova,': [2], 'Tamara;': [3], 'Dörr,': [4], 'Wolfgang;': [5], 'Garnier-Laplace,': [6], 'Jacqueline;': [7], 'Hauptmann,': [8], 'Michael;': [9], 'Ozasa,': [10], 'Kotaro;': [11], 'Rajaraman,': [12], 'Preetha;': [13], 'Sakai,': [14], 'Kazuo;': [15], 'Salomaa,': [16], 'Sisko;': [17], 'Sokolnikov,': [18], 'Mikhail;': [19], 'Stram,': [20], 'Dan;': [21], 'Sun,': [22], 'Quanfu;': [23], 'Wojcik,': [24], 'Andrzej;': [25], 'Woloschak,': [26], 'Gayle;': [27], 'Bouffler,': [28], 'Simon;': [29], 'Grosche,': [30], 'Bernd;': [31], 'Kai,': [32], 'Michiaki;': [33], 'Little,': [34], 'Mark': [35], 'P.;': [36], 'Shore,': [37], 'Roy': [38], 'E.;': [39], 'Walsh,': [40], 'Linda;': [41], 'Rühm,': [42], 'Werner': [43], 'Author': [44], 'Information': [45]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2902520701', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 4}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-19T23:22:03.980935', 'created_date': '2018-12-11'}