Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2766430282', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphs.2017.10.009', 'title': 'Neuroprotection by chotosan , a Kampo formula, against glutamate excitotoxicity involves the inhibition of GluN2B-, but not GluN2A-containing NMDA receptor-mediated responses in primary cultured cortical neurons', 'display_name': 'Neuroprotection by chotosan , a Kampo formula, against glutamate excitotoxicity involves the inhibition of GluN2B-, but not GluN2A-containing NMDA receptor-mediated responses in primary cultured cortical neurons', 'publication_year': 2017, 'publication_date': '2017-11-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2766430282', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphs.2017.10.009', 'mag': '2766430282', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29146480'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphs.2017.10.009', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S163931769', 'display_name': 'Journal of Pharmacological Sciences', 'issn_l': '1347-8613', 'issn': ['1347-8613', '1347-8648'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'doaj', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'gold', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphs.2017.10.009', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5075385695', 'display_name': 'Sachie Sasaki‐Hamada', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4026-3203'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I161296585', 'display_name': 'Tokyo University of Science', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05sj3n476', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I161296585']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Sachie Sasaki-Hamada', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I161296585']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5048566332', 'display_name': 'Azusa Suzuki', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5951-1540'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I161296585', 'display_name': 'Tokyo University of Science', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05sj3n476', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I161296585']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Azusa Suzuki', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I161296585']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5030814151', 'display_name': 'Emi Sanai', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I161296585', 'display_name': 'Tokyo University of Science', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05sj3n476', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I161296585']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Emi Sanai', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I161296585']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5023235288', 'display_name': 'Kinzo Matsumoto', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2420-9621'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I42766147', 'display_name': 'University of Toyama', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0445phv87', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I42766147']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Kinzo Matsumoto', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Division of Medicinal Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Division of Medicinal Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I42766147']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5036803703', 'display_name': 'Jun‐Ichiro Oka', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3450-4023'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I161296585', 'display_name': 'Tokyo University of Science', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05sj3n476', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I161296585']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Jun-Ichiro Oka', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I161296585']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5036803703'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I161296585'], 'apc_list': {'value': 100000, 'currency': 'JPY', 'value_usd': 753, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 100000, 'currency': 'JPY', 'value_usd': 753, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 0.122, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 5, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.47809, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 80, 'max': 82}, 'biblio': {'volume': '135', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '134', 'last_page': '137'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10077', 'display_name': 'Molecular Mechanisms of Synaptic Plasticity and Neurological Disorders', 'score': 0.9979, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2804', 'display_name': 'Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10077', 'display_name': 'Molecular Mechanisms of Synaptic Plasticity and Neurological Disorders', 'score': 0.9979, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2804', 'display_name': 'Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T14144', 'display_name': 'Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases', 'score': 0.9961, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2808', 'display_name': 'Neurology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10836', 'display_name': 'Advances in Metabolomics Research', 'score': 0.9961, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/kampo', 'display_name': 'Kampo', 'score': 0.8918638}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/excitotoxicity', 'display_name': 'Excitotoxicity', 'score': 0.88832355}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroprotective-effects', 'display_name': 'Neuroprotective Effects', 'score': 0.551203}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cortical-neurons', 'display_name': 'Cortical neurons', 'score': 0.5406754}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779626144', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q403356', 'display_name': 'Kampo', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8918638}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781012912', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901117', 'display_name': 'Excitotoxicity', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.88832355}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C67018056', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q414896', 'display_name': 'NMDA receptor', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8776568}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C25498285', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981368', 'display_name': 'Neuroprotection', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.846404}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C61174792', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420510', 'display_name': 'Glutamate receptor', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.70220864}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169760540', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.57491016}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2983650178', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75839', 'display_name': 'Cortical neurons', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5406754}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C98274493', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.44688505}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.3936684}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C170493617', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467', 'display_name': 'Receptor', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.3628766}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.34973615}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.2435683}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.14288607}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C204787440', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504', 'display_name': 'Alternative medicine', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142724271', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208', 'display_name': 'Pathology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D048271', 'descriptor_name': 'Chitosan', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018698', 'descriptor_name': 'Glutamic Acid', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000633', 'qualifier_name': 'toxicity', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020835', 'descriptor_name': 'Medicine, Kampo', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009474', 'descriptor_name': 'Neurons', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009474', 'descriptor_name': 'Neurons', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018696', 'descriptor_name': 'Neuroprotective Agents', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016194', 'descriptor_name': 'Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000037', 'qualifier_name': 'antagonists & inhibitors', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016923', 'descriptor_name': 'Cell Death', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016923', 'descriptor_name': 'Cell Death', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002478', 'descriptor_name': 'Cells, Cultured', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D048271', 'descriptor_name': 'Chitosan', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D048271', 'descriptor_name': 'Chitosan', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000627', 'qualifier_name': 'therapeutic use', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D060825', 'descriptor_name': 'Cognitive Dysfunction', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D060825', 'descriptor_name': 'Cognitive Dysfunction', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000188', 'qualifier_name': 'drug therapy', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D060825', 'descriptor_name': 'Cognitive Dysfunction', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000209', 'qualifier_name': 'etiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015140', 'descriptor_name': 'Dementia, Vascular', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015140', 'descriptor_name': 'Dementia, Vascular', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000188', 'qualifier_name': 'drug therapy', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018698', 'descriptor_name': 'Glutamic Acid', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002546', 'descriptor_name': 'Ischemic Attack, Transient', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002546', 'descriptor_name': 'Ischemic Attack, Transient', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000150', 'qualifier_name': 'complications', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D051379', 'descriptor_name': 'Mice', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009474', 'descriptor_name': 'Neurons', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008517', 'descriptor_name': 'Phytotherapy', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D017208', 'descriptor_name': 'Rats, Wistar', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016194', 'descriptor_name': 'Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphs.2017.10.009', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S163931769', 'display_name': 'Journal of Pharmacological Sciences', 'issn_l': '1347-8613', 'issn': ['1347-8613', '1347-8648'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doaj.org/article/7344c1f8f5c94e8ea9539eb14e7183fd', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401280', 'display_name': 'DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29146480', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphs.2017.10.009', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S163931769', 'display_name': 'Journal of Pharmacological Sciences', 'issn_l': '1347-8613', 'issn': ['1347-8613', '1347-8648'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc-nd', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'score': 0.8, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 14, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1890775238', 'https://openalex.org/W1898334791', 'https://openalex.org/W1979509360', 'https://openalex.org/W1984334598', 'https://openalex.org/W1989630907', 'https://openalex.org/W2023811880', 'https://openalex.org/W2031635410', 'https://openalex.org/W2049480030', 'https://openalex.org/W2071090753', 'https://openalex.org/W2077693355', 'https://openalex.org/W2135389271', 'https://openalex.org/W2138643360', 'https://openalex.org/W2148332448', 'https://openalex.org/W845889400'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3138695362', 'https://openalex.org/W2610336508', 'https://openalex.org/W2401562497', 'https://openalex.org/W2102870106', 'https://openalex.org/W2094849359', 'https://openalex.org/W2084167126', 'https://openalex.org/W2044480962', 'https://openalex.org/W2019659751', 'https://openalex.org/W1985880493', 'https://openalex.org/W1503657933'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Chotosan': [0], '(CTS),': [1], 'a': [2, 21, 71], 'traditional': [3], 'herbal': [4], 'formula': [5], 'called': [6], 'Kampo': [7], 'medicine,': [8], 'was': [9, 68], 'shown': [10], 'to': [11, 87], 'be': [12], 'effective': [13], 'in': [14, 20, 34], 'the': [15, 37, 42, 80], 'treatment': [16], 'of': [17, 45, 83, 90], 'vascular': [18], 'dementia': [19], 'clinical': [22], 'study,': [23, 39], 'and': [24], 'exerted': [25], 'protective': [26], 'effects': [27, 44, 82], 'against': [28], 'transient': [29], 'cerebral': [30], 'ischemia-induced': [31], 'cognitive': [32], 'impairment': [33], 'mice.': [35], 'In': [36], 'present': [38], 'we': [40], 'investigated': [41], 'neuroprotective': [43, 81], 'CTS': [46, 53, 84], 'using': [47], 'primary': [48], 'cultured': [49], 'rat': [50], 'cortical': [51], 'neurons.': [52], '(250–1000': [54], 'μg/mL)': [55], 'inhibited': [56], 'neuronal': [57, 66], 'death': [58, 67], 'induced': [59], 'by': [60, 70], '100': [61], 'μM': [62], 'glutamate.': [63], 'This': [64], 'glutamate-induced': [65], 'blocked': [69], 'GluN2B-,': [72], 'but': [73], 'not': [74], 'GluN2A-containing': [75], 'NMDA': [76, 92], 'receptor': [77], 'antagonist.': [78], 'Therefore,': [79], 'were': [85], 'related': [86], 'an': [88], 'inhibition': [89], 'GluN2B-containing': [91], 'receptor-mediated': [93], 'responses.': [94]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2766430282', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-08-23T05:34:11.001120', 'created_date': '2017-11-10'}