Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2596740557', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.4158/1934-2403-23.3.379', 'title': 'Re: Mechanisms by Which Metformin improves Mortality and Hospital Re-admission in Diabetic Patients With Heart Failure', 'display_name': 'Re: Mechanisms by Which Metformin improves Mortality and Hospital Re-admission in Diabetic Patients With Heart Failure', 'publication_year': 2017, 'publication_date': '2017-03-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2596740557', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.4158/1934-2403-23.3.379', 'mag': '2596740557', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28288305'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.4158/1934-2403-23.3.379', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S165390330', 'display_name': 'Endocrine Practice', 'issn_l': '1530-891X', 'issn': ['1530-891X', '1934-2403'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'letter', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5103728632', 'display_name': 'David Samuel Henry Bell', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'David Samuel Henry Bell', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5103728632'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3000, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3000, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': None, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 4, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.613227, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 77, 'max': 79}, 'biblio': {'volume': '23', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '379', 'last_page': '379'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11339', 'display_name': 'Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11339', 'display_name': 'Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10401', 'display_name': 'Diabetes Treatment and Management', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2712', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10839', 'display_name': 'Pancreatic function and diabetes', 'score': 0.9993, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2746', 'display_name': 'Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/amp-activated-protein-kinase', 'display_name': 'AMP-Activated Protein Kinase', 'score': 0.46149763}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780323712', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19484', 'display_name': 'Metformin', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.9789791}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.91887355}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780124434', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12357464', 'display_name': 'AMPK', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.9122721}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778198053', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181754', 'display_name': 'Heart failure', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.59066135}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5289338}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776991684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190012', 'display_name': 'Adenosine', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47763792}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776780712', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295240', 'display_name': 'AMP-activated protein kinase', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.46149763}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C97029542', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q281417', 'display_name': 'Protein kinase A', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.45061034}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134018914', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.44983277}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C544821477', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718113', 'display_name': 'Weight loss', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4156443}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C555293320', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206', 'display_name': 'Diabetes mellitus', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.3832188}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C164705383', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379', 'display_name': 'Cardiology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.362445}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C98274493', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.35811585}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C184235292', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421851', 'display_name': 'Kinase', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.19196472}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C511355011', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12174', 'display_name': 'Obesity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.100979954}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95444343', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141', 'display_name': 'Cell biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D006333', 'descriptor_name': 'Heart Failure', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000188', 'qualifier_name': 'drug therapy', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008687', 'descriptor_name': 'Metformin', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000627', 'qualifier_name': 'therapeutic use', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003920', 'descriptor_name': 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003920', 'descriptor_name': 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000188', 'qualifier_name': 'drug therapy', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006333', 'descriptor_name': 'Heart Failure', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D017052', 'descriptor_name': 'Hospital Mortality', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008687', 'descriptor_name': 'Metformin', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.4158/1934-2403-23.3.379', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S165390330', 'display_name': 'Endocrine Practice', 'issn_l': '1530-891X', 'issn': ['1530-891X', '1934-2403'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28288305', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.88, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 12, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1565979608', 'https://openalex.org/W1983890824', 'https://openalex.org/W2055769770', 'https://openalex.org/W2064148575', 'https://openalex.org/W2073910667', 'https://openalex.org/W2126836314', 'https://openalex.org/W2144899887', 'https://openalex.org/W2146723462', 'https://openalex.org/W2400724203', 'https://openalex.org/W24787878', 'https://openalex.org/W327038305', 'https://openalex.org/W4234122160'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4281562259', 'https://openalex.org/W4239102106', 'https://openalex.org/W3143935425', 'https://openalex.org/W3142564810', 'https://openalex.org/W2751676921', 'https://openalex.org/W2605441508', 'https://openalex.org/W2357139224', 'https://openalex.org/W2071975518', 'https://openalex.org/W2009707697', 'https://openalex.org/W1521090039'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2596740557', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-16T19:38:20.989469', 'created_date': '2017-03-23'}