Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2518684516', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.15185/izawol.295', 'title': 'How manipulating test scores affects school accountability and student achievement', 'display_name': 'How manipulating test scores affects school accountability and student achievement', 'publication_year': 2016, 'publication_date': '2016-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2518684516', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.15185/izawol.295', 'mag': '2518684516'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.15185/izawol.295', 'pdf_url': 'https://wol.iza.org/uploads/articles/295/pdfs/how-manipulating-test-scores-affects-school-accountability-and-student-achievement.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210213389', 'display_name': 'IZA World of Labor', 'issn_l': '2054-9571', 'issn': ['2054-9571'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'gold', 'oa_url': 'https://wol.iza.org/uploads/articles/295/pdfs/how-manipulating-test-scores-affects-school-accountability-and-student-achievement.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5083848636', 'display_name': 'Erich Battistin', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6434-1734'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I166337079', 'display_name': 'Queen Mary University of London', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/026zzn846', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I124357947', 'https://openalex.org/I166337079']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Erich Battistin', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['IZA, Germany', 'Queen Mary University of London, UK, and'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Queen Mary University of London, UK, and', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I166337079']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'IZA, Germany', 'institution_ids': []}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5083848636'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I166337079'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.13, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 7, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.896803, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 83, 'max': 84}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10674', 'display_name': 'School Choice and Performance', 'score': 0.9523, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3304', 'display_name': 'Education'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10674', 'display_name': 'School Choice and Performance', 'score': 0.9523, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3304', 'display_name': 'Education'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13405', 'display_name': 'Educational Assessment and Improvement', 'score': 0.9258, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1802', 'display_name': 'Information Systems and Management'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/18', 'display_name': 'Decision Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/student-achievement', 'display_name': 'Student Achievement', 'score': 0.70621836}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776007630', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798912', 'display_name': 'Accountability', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.89253235}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C29122968', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816', 'display_name': 'Incentive', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.82279885}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2986206625', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18185', 'display_name': 'Student achievement', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.70621836}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C203151758', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3244907', 'display_name': 'Standardized test', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6977767}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777267654', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023', 'display_name': 'Test (biology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.69558}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781206393', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2748419', 'display_name': 'Academic achievement', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5660677}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C81369262', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6165531', 'display_name': 'Achievement test', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5575397}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.55459976}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779530757', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505', 'display_name': 'Quality (philosophy)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.53708357}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C145420912', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077', 'display_name': 'Mathematics education', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.36187643}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.29882076}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.16715348}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C151730666', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205', 'display_name': 'Paleontology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111472728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471', 'display_name': 'Epistemology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C175444787', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072', 'display_name': 'Microeconomics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.15185/izawol.295', 'pdf_url': 'https://wol.iza.org/uploads/articles/295/pdfs/how-manipulating-test-scores-affects-school-accountability-and-student-achievement.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210213389', 'display_name': 'IZA World of Labor', 'issn_l': '2054-9571', 'issn': ['2054-9571'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://hdl.handle.net/10419/148520', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/148520/1/iza-wol-295.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401696', 'display_name': 'Econstor (Econstor)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://wol.iza.org/articles/how-manipulating-test-scores-affects-school-accountability-and-student-achievement-1.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'http://wol.iza.org/articles/how-manipulating-test-scores-affects-school-accountability-and-student-achievement-1.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401271', 'display_name': 'RePEc: Research Papers in Economics', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I77793887', 'host_organization_name': 'Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I77793887'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.15185/izawol.295', 'pdf_url': 'https://wol.iza.org/uploads/articles/295/pdfs/how-manipulating-test-scores-affects-school-accountability-and-student-achievement.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210213389', 'display_name': 'IZA World of Labor', 'issn_l': '2054-9571', 'issn': ['2054-9571'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1', 'score': 0.64, 'display_name': 'No poverty'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 10, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1554365104', 'https://openalex.org/W1587759655', 'https://openalex.org/W2007283076', 'https://openalex.org/W2040843969', 'https://openalex.org/W2105619510', 'https://openalex.org/W2148351994', 'https://openalex.org/W2997192469', 'https://openalex.org/W3123468586', 'https://openalex.org/W3123939844', 'https://openalex.org/W92867612'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W566798685', 'https://openalex.org/W336045097', 'https://openalex.org/W3160444012', 'https://openalex.org/W2731659336', 'https://openalex.org/W2683500492', 'https://openalex.org/W2502088201', 'https://openalex.org/W2200674809', 'https://openalex.org/W2090632500', 'https://openalex.org/W2074591639', 'https://openalex.org/W1969099294'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'ELEVatOr': [0], 'Pitch': [1]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2518684516', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-08T08:16:09.255331', 'created_date': '2016-09-23'}