Trends in Congenital Heart Disease

Name: Work Video:
Duration: 3 min 30 s
John K. Triedman; Jane W. Newburger
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[182], 'often': [185, 1029], 'lethal': [186, 354], 'absence': [189], 'treatment,': [191], 'surgical,': [194], 'catheter,': [195], 'medical': [197, 3870], 'therapies': [198, 1042, 1106, 2185], 'dramatically': [200], 'extended': [201, 2452], 'life': [202, 1135, 1377, 3210, 3401, 3668, 3858], 'expectancy.': [203], 'With': [204, 2101, 3108], 'advances': [205, 659, 1354], 'survival': [208, 432, 2554], 'patients': [210, 222, 238, 335, 444, 516, 533, 1096, 1439, 1461, 1614, 1730, 1795, 2115, 2556, 2787, 3183, 3226, 3334, 3346, 3438, 3492, 3589, 3850, 4104, 4107], 'CHD,': [212, 1441, 1882, 2615, 2903, 3805], 'been': [215, 812, 850, 915, 936, 1018, 1044, 1596, 1640, 2202, 2896, 2974, 3833, 3878], 'demographic': [217], 'shifts,': [218], 'so': [219], 'that': [220, 1107, 1222, 1373, 1415, 1512, 1556, 1650, 1695, 1823, 1830, 1866, 1914, 1924, 1948, 1958, 2042, 2097, 3026, 3063, 3120, 3186, 3593, 3735, 3815], 'adult': [221, 1457, 2901, 2984, 3355, 3857, 3864], 'now': [225, 267, 346, 2621, 3167], 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'infrastructure': [315], 'budgets,': [317], 'well.': [319, 1968], 'On': [320], 'other': [322, 785, 832, 860, 1533, 1898, 2093, 2390, 2709], 'end': [323, 440], 'spectrum': [326], 'severity,': [329], 'continue': [331, 1264, 1805], 'improve': [333, 2110, 2866], 'more': [337, 916, 1109, 1661, 1792, 2119, 2288, 2587, 2860, 3069, 3169, 3372], '(Figure': [340, 391, 1667, 2309, 2963, 3227, 3406, 4078], '1).8': [341], 'Survival': [342], 'through': [343, 938, 1119, 1463, 2080, 2116], 'childhood': [344, 375, 399, 1465, 3855], 'malformations,': [355], 'such': [356, 871, 1853, 2349, 2751, 2822, 2870, 2913, 2929, 4093], 'hypoplastic': [358, 459, 739, 780, 2844], 'left': [359, 740, 781, 2508, 2513, 2517, 2521, 2845, 3055, 3558], 'syndrome.9': [361], 'However,': [362, 2674], 'dramatic': [365], 'early': [366, 3151, 3209], 'benefits': [367], 'cardiac': [369, 861, 1140, 1480, 1664, 1890, 1926, 2370, 2393, 3247, 3296, 3996], 'routine,': [378], 'sequelae': [380, 848, 1162, 3245], 'its': [384, 650, 907], 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'Wales': [580], '1959': [582], '2009,': [584], 'assessed': [585], 'ages.': [588], 'disease.': [593, 1036, 1755, 3987], 'Knowles': [596], 'al11': [598], '2012,': [606], 'BMJ': [607], 'Publishing': [608, 1770], 'Group': [609], 'Ltd.Projecting': [610], 'future': [612, 1931, 2014, 2905, 3931], 'evolution': [613, 894, 1127], 'pediatric': [615, 646, 933, 982, 1068, 1188, 1454, 1492, 2017, 2231, 2625], 'medicine': [617, 648, 681, 1190, 2151, 2216, 3734, 3839, 3902], 'requires': [618], 'an': [619, 1551, 2203, 2744, 3041, 3154, 3315, 3887], 'appreciation': [620, 3792], 'historical': [623, 991, 2135], 'trajectory': [624, 1490], 'innovation': [626, 2279, 2330], 'current': [629, 1401, 2246], 'status': [630], 'quo.': [631], 'Innovative': [632], 'approaches': [633, 4121], 'patient': [636, 1331, 1381, 2667, 3729, 3928], 'management,': [637, 3947], 'clinical': [639, 765, 929, 961, 1056, 1199, 1279, 2056, 2221, 3288, 3717, 3818], 'driven': [642], 'field': [644, 748, 995, 2229, 2238, 3934], 'inception.': [651], 'Examples': [652], 'life-saving': [654], 'technologies': [655, 2166, 2348, 4086], 'include': [658, 1426, 1819, 2284, 3231, 3886], 'technique,': [662], 'development': [663, 800, 884, 1321, 2074, 2286, 2313, 2378, 2813, 2869, 3720, 3784], 'intensive': [665, 3990], 'care': [666, 1312, 1388, 1414, 1455, 1494, 3207, 3723, 3924, 3991], 'management': [667, 863, 1000, 1246, 1391, 1437, 1444, 2645, 3118, 3974, 3993, 4088], 'myocardial': [669, 2188, 3786, 3976, 3982, 4123], 'preservation': [670], 'techniques,': [671, 2928], 'introduction': [674, 694], 'interventional': [676, 686, 999, 1436], 'cardiology,': [677], 'high-resolution': [678], 'imaging,': [679], 'transplantation': [680, 3268], 'extracorporeal': [683], 'support,': [684], 'electrophysiology.': [687], 'Among': [688], 'notable': [691], 'are': [692, 794, 876, 1158, 1513, 1543, 1706, 1712, 1720, 1728, 1740, 1746, 1791, 1815, 1824, 2026, 2098, 2155, 2295, 2428, 3168, 3187, 3211, 3273, 3370, 3736, 4053], 'techniques': [696, 835, 1852, 2294], 'stabilizing': [698], 'critically': [699, 1030, 1248], 'ill': [700, 1031, 1249], 'newborns': [701], '(prostaglandin': [702], 'therapy,': [703], 'balloon': [704], 'septostomy)': [705], 'neonatal': [707, 750, 1258], 'reparative': [708], 'palliative': [710, 774], 'surgery': [711, 751, 2585], 'eg,': [717], 'primary': [718], 'Fallot,': [723], 'arterial': [725, 2491], 'switch': [726], 'procedure': [727, 737, 804, 2139], 'd-transposition': [729, 3018], 'arteries,': [733, 2853], 'Norwood': [736], 'syndrome.': [742], 'Indeed,': [743], 'maturation': [745, 962], 'evidenced': [753], 'by': [754, 815, 1046, 1682, 2340, 3145, 3162, 3445, 3453, 3488, 3909], 'National': [756, 4036], 'Heart,': [757], 'Lung,': [758], 'Blood': [760], 'Institute': [761], '(NHLBI)–funded': [762], 'multicenter': [763, 4028], 'randomized': [764], 'study': [766, 1052, 1104, 1553, 3412], 'comparing': [767], '2': [771, 1729], 'types': [772], 'staged': [775, 807], 'operations': [776], 'syndrome': [783, 2847], 'single': [786, 792], 'right': [787, 2531, 3050, 3262, 3522, 3687, 3769], 'ventricle': [788, 793, 3770], 'disorders.12–14': [789], 'Patients': [790], 'living': [795], 'longer': [796], 'evolutionary': [799], 'Fontan': [803, 926], 'palliation.15Management': [808], 'has': [811, 888, 914, 1017, 1554, 2606, 2893, 2973, 3130, 3832, 4024], 'further': [813, 1873, 2259, 2336, 2377, 3939], 'refined': [814], 'design': [817], 'catheter-delivered': [819], 'devices': [820, 866, 4013, 4023], 'close': [822], 'replace': [826], 'insufficient': [827], 'valves.': [828, 2291], 'Cardiac': [829, 2009, 2739], 'MRI': [830, 2351, 2927], 'advanced': [833, 2337], 'imaging': [834, 1238, 1523, 2347], 'allowed': [837], 'unparalleled': [838], 'noninvasive': [839, 1522], 'quantification': [840], 'anatomy': [842], 'function,': [844, 2593, 2953], 'electrophysiological': [847], 'treated': [851], 'catheter': [853], 'ablation': [854, 3299], 'implantable': [856], 'cardioverter': [857, 3302], 'defibrillators': [858], 'rhythm': [862], 'devices.': [864], 'Other': [865, 4119], 'originally': [867], 'designed': [868, 4027], 'adults,': [870], 'ventricular': [873, 2356, 3535, 3562, 3691, 3763, 4021, 4044, 4083], 'assist': [874, 4022, 4045, 4084], 'devices,': [875], 'being': [877, 2297], 'adapted': [878], 'infants': [880, 4049], 'children.16,17': [882], 'fetal': [886, 900, 2832, 2867], 'echocardiography': [887], 'provided': [889], 'window': [891], 'into': [892, 1456, 1945, 2039, 2157, 2453, 2473, 3072], 'utero,': [898], 'intervention,': [901, 1243], 'possibility': [903, 2263], 'potentially': [905], 'alter': [906], 'course.18,19': [908], 'pharmacology': [910], 'medications': [913], 'rigorously': [917], 'studied': [918, 2898], 'young': [920, 1423, 4051], 'those': [924, 1252, 1716, 2634, 2800, 3015, 3135, 3384], 'physiology,': [927], 'trials': [930, 2640, 4029], 'obtain': [932], 'labeling': [934], 'promoted': [937], 'exclusivity': [940], 'extension': [941], 'provision': [942], 'under': [943, 4068], 'Food': [945], 'Drug': [947], 'Administration': [948], 'Modernization': [949], 'Act.20': [950], 'Concurrent': [951], 'these': [953, 1011, 1460, 1703, 1949, 2043, 2104, 2675, 3395, 3849], 'advances,': [954], 'we': [955, 2712], 'seen': [957], 'training': [959, 3921], 'generation': [965], 'physicians': [967], 'allied': [969], 'practitioners,': [971], 'who': [972, 2788, 3359], 'disseminated': [974], 'knowledge': [976, 2066], 'skills': [978], 'needed': [979], 'treat': [981, 1305], 'globally.This': [985], 'admittedly': [986], 'selective': [987], 'listing': [988], 'highlights': [989, 1314], 'focus': [992, 1060, 4058], 'CHD.': [1005, 3312], 'describing': [1008], 'validating': [1010], 'extraordinary': [1012], 'procedural': [1013], 'technical': [1015, 1038], 'innovations': [1016, 1039], 'described': [1019, 3032], 'communicated': [1021], 'reports': [1023], 'case': [1025], 'series': [1026], 'children,': [1028], 'underlying': [1034, 3253], 'Recently,': [1037, 1600], 'acute': [1041, 3981], 'haves': [1043], 'complemented': [1045], 'increasing': [1047, 1272, 1341, 2065], 'attention': [1048, 3796, 3955], 'systematic': [1051], 'improvement': [1054], 'outcomes.': [1057, 2686], 'This': [1058, 1802, 2233], 'new': [1059, 1323, 1937, 2030, 3722], 'exposes': [1061], 'fundamental': [1063], 'challenge': [1064], 'facing': [1065, 3848], 'researchers': [1066], 'medicine:': [1070], 'anatomically': [1076, 2315], 'diverse;': [1077], 'it': [1078, 1218], 'comprises': [1079], 'combinations': [1081], 'permutations': [1083], 'rare': [1085, 1646], 'lesions.': [1086], 'Even': [1087], 'highest-volume': [1089], 'centers': [1090, 3948], 'thus': [1091], 'small': [1093], 'subpopulations': [1094], 'specific': [1098, 2316], 'incremental': [1110], 'efficacy': [1111, 1144, 1176], 'than': [1112, 2862, 3171, 3378], 'breakthrough': [1114], 'interventions': [1115, 2977], '1960s': [1118], '1980s.': [1121], 'addition,': [1123, 2064, 2809], 'given': [1124, 1276, 2241], 'continuous': [1126], 'strategies': [1130, 1148, 1157, 2646, 3778, 3969], 'relatively': [1133], 'expectancies': [1136], 'survivors': [1138, 2581], 'interventions,': [1141], 'long-term': [1143, 2563, 3817], 'difficult': [1150, 3307], 'compare': [1152], 'over': [1153, 1495, 2432], 'time.': [1154], 'Moreover,': [1155], 'continuously': [1159], 'evolving,': [1160], 'may': [1163, 1910, 2816, 2875, 3235, 3305], 'take': [1164, 1338], 'decades': [1168], 'manifest,': [1171], 'hindering': [1172], 'comparison': [1173, 2577, 3215, 3591], 'approaches.What': [1179], 'Next?Several': [1180], 'emerging': [1181, 2156], 'will': [1183, 1231, 1263, 1274, 1329, 1337, 1351, 1369, 1374, 1398, 1449, 1483, 1526, 1804, 1818, 2070, 2106, 2217, 2283, 2321, 2334, 2690, 2713, 2907, 2944, 3774, 3789, 3970, 4006, 4097], 'change': [1184], 'landscape': [1186], 'areas': [1193, 1267, 3731], 'basic': [1195, 3715], 'translational': [1197, 2159], 'research,': [1198], 'practice,': [1200], 'training,': [1201], 'organization': [1203], 'systems': [1205], 'care.': [1207, 1326], 'Given': [1208], 'anatomic': [1212, 1306, 2243], 'field,': [1217, 1270, 2145], 'seems': [1219], 'likely': [1221, 1871, 2323, 3373, 3737, 3936], '10': [1224], "years'": [1225], 'time,': [1226], 'foundation': [1228], 'practice': [1230, 1280], 'still': [1232], 'based': [1234, 3600, 3666], 'powerful': [1237], 'tools,': [1239], 'catheter-based': [1242, 2141, 2388], 'physiological': [1245], 'patients,': [1250, 1587], 'especially': [1251, 2834, 3332, 4054], 'critical': [1255, 1311, 1625, 2558], 'period': [1256], 'infant': [1260, 2583], 'Innovation': [1262], 'but': [1271, 2208, 2795, 2803], 'emphasis': [1273], 'informing': [1278], 'use': [1285, 2325, 2344, 4000, 4010], 'our': [1287, 1297, 1876, 2237], 'expanding': [1288], 'diagnostic': [1289], 'armamentarium.': [1292], 'strength': [1295], 'present': [1298, 2781, 3093, 3612], 'growing': [1300], 'abilities': [1301], 'diagnose': [1303], 'setting': [1313], 'need': [1316, 2629], 'potential': [1319, 2211, 2234, 2649], 'models': [1324, 1328, 2077, 3725], 'centered': [1332], 'personalized,': [1335], 'advantage': [1339], 'opportunities': [1342, 2108], 'collaborative': [1344], 'performed': [1346, 3010], 'across': [1347, 1998], 'multiple': [1348, 1999], 'centers.': [1349], 'They': [1350, 3284], 'leverage': [1352], 'recent': [1353, 3898], 'genetic': [1356, 1548, 1580, 1775, 1811, 1879, 2053, 2710, 2719, 2955], 'medicine,': [1357, 2103], 'regenerative': [1358, 2150], 'biology': [1359], 'novel': [1361, 1468, 1943, 2037, 2380, 2976, 4120], 'informatics,': [1362], 'bioengineering': [1364], 'technologies,': [1367, 2711], 'blueprint': [1372], 'span': [1375], 'cycle': [1378], 'family,': [1383], 'integrating': [1384], 'inpatient': [1385], 'episodes': [1386], 'outpatient': [1390], 'and,': [1392], 'some': [1394, 2200, 3823], 'cases,': [1395, 1786, 3824], 'end-of-life': [1396], 'care.We': [1397], 'review': [1399], 'state': [1402], 'art': [1405], 'specialized': [1409], 'components': [1410], 'currently': [1416, 1514, 1780, 2003], 'impact': [1417, 1951, 2214, 2235], 'adults.': [1424], 'genetics': [1428], 'disease,': [1431], 'prenatal': [1432], 'development,': [1433], 'failure.': [1447, 3787], 'We': [1448, 1482, 2372], 'discuss': [1450], 'transition': [1452, 2982, 3853, 3862], 'life,': [1458, 2833], 'survive': [1462], 'set': [1469], 'problems': [1472, 2588, 3240], 'rarely': [1473], 'encountered': [1474], 'before': [1475], 'era': [1477], 'intervention.': [1481], 'then': [1484], 'look': [1485], 'forward': [1486], 'anticipating': [1488], 'next': [1497, 2688], 'decade': [1498, 2605, 2689, 3446], 'perspective': [1501], 'patient-centered': [1503], 'care,': [1504, 2985, 3865, 3871, 3953], 'recognizing': [1505], 'both': [1506, 2177], 'scientific': [1508], 'societal': [1510], 'changes': [1511, 1913], 'affecting': [1515, 1645], 'this': [1516, 1536, 1735, 1772, 2281, 2327, 2332, 3728, 3926, 3933], 'broad': [1517], 'area': [1518, 2282, 2333], 'Pediatric': [1521, 2008, 2738, 4061], 'detailed': [1528], 'greater': [1530, 2663, 3791], 'depth': [1531], 'articles': [1534], 'series.Genetics': [1537], 'CHDMost': [1539], 'believed': [1544], 'basis,': [1549], 'epidemiological': [1552, 3111], 'shown': [1555, 1713, 1721, 2661], 'overall': [1558, 3414], 'relative': [1559], 'risk': [1560, 2651, 3294], 'first-degree': [1564], 'relatives': [1565], 'ranges': [1566], '3': [1568], '80': [1570, 3479], 'concordant': [1572], '≈2': [1575], 'discordant': [1577], 'defects.21,22': [1578], 'Certain': [1579], 'abnormalities': [1581, 2054, 2810, 2824, 2838, 3807], 'minority': [1585], 'including': [1588, 1845, 2058, 3040, 3806], 'chromosomal': [1589], 'disorders,': [1590], 'microdeletions,': [1591], 'mutations,': [1593, 1604], 'associated': [1597, 2884, 3533, 3749, 3765, 4091], 'CHD.23': [1599], 'analyses': [1601, 1905, 3024], 'exomic': [1603, 1789], 'copy': [1605], 'number': [1606, 1971], 'variants,': [1607], 'candidate': [1609], 'gene': [1610, 1665, 1868], 'resequencing': [1611], 'identified': [1616, 1641], 'de': [1617, 2748], 'novo': [1618, 2749], 'deleterious': [1620], 'variants': [1621, 1647, 1820, 1829, 1840, 1888, 1974, 1982], 'genes': [1623, 1708, 1957, 1985, 2757, 2768], 'functions': [1626], 'regulation': [1629], 'developmental': [1631, 2022, 2068], 'transcriptional': [1632, 1912, 2775], 'networks.24': [1633], 'A': [1634, 2489], 'wide': [1635], 'range': [1636], 'mutations': [1638, 1711, 1719, 1790, 1941, 1950, 2034, 2044, 2088, 2752, 2779], 'patients,25': [1644], 'molecules': [1649], 'modify': [1651, 1959], 'chromatin,': [1652], 'regulate': [1653, 1658, 1867], 'proliferation/differentiation': [1654], 'decisions,': [1655], 'broadly': [1657], 'transcription': [1659, 1666, 1869, 1891], 'selectively': [1662], 'activate': [1663], '3).26–28Download': [1668], '3.': [1671], 'Nucleosome': [1672], 'histone': [1674, 1704], 'octamer': [1675], 'DNA,': [1677], 'H3K4': [1679], 'methylation': [1680], 'bound': [1681], 'CHD7,': [1683], 'H3K27': [1684], 'methylation,': [1685], 'H2BK120': [1687], 'ubiquitination': [1688], 'shown.': [1690], 'Genes': [1691, 1737], 'mutated': [1692], 'affect': [1696], 'production,': [1698], 'removal,': [1699], 'reading': [1701], 'modifications': [1705], 'shown;': [1707], 'damaging': [1710, 1788, 2778], 'red,': [1715], 'missense': [1718], 'blue.': [1723], 'SMAD2': [1724], '(2)': [1725], 'mutation': [1733], 'gene.': [1736], 'whose': [1738], 'products': [1739], 'found': [1741], 'together': [1742, 2677], 'enclosed': [1747], 'box.': [1750], 'Zaidi': [1758], 'al24': [1760], '2013,': [1768], 'Nature': [1769], 'Group.Despite': [1771], 'progress,': [1773], 'etiology': [1776], 'discernible': [1781], 'only': [1783, 2679, 2796], '30%': [1784], 'although': [1787, 2966], 'neurodevelopmental': [1797, 2564, 2655], 'disability': [1798, 2791], 'anomalies.29': [1801], 'fraction': [1803], 'increase,': [1807], 'presently': [1809], 'unidentified': [1810], 'causes': [1812, 3418, 3485], 'characterized.': [1816], 'sequences': [1822, 1844, 1862], 'poorly': [1825], 'annotated': [1826], 'synonymous': [1828], 'function': [1831, 2892, 3814], 'splice': [1833], 'enhancers/silencers': [1834], 'noncanonical': [1836], 'splicing': [1837], 'signals)': [1838], 'noncoding': [1842, 1846, 1861], 'regulatory': [1843, 1899, 4041], 'RNAs,': [1847], 'enhancers,': [1848, 1895], 'promoters.': [1850], 'Using': [1851, 2704], 'whole': [1855, 2705], 'genome': [1856, 1865, 2706], 'sequencing,': [1857], 'role': [1859, 2717], 'add': [1874], 'understanding': [1877, 1955, 2694, 3745], 'determinants': [1880], 'identification': [1885, 1935], 'DNA': [1887], 'factor': [1892, 2652], 'binding': [1893], 'sites,': [1894], 'promoters,': [1896], 'elements': [1900], 'causing': [1902], 'CHD.30–32': [1903], 'Transcriptome': [1904], 'discarded': [1907], 'tissues': [1909], 'disclose': [1911], 'accompany': [1915], 'abnormal': [1916, 3258], 'hemodynamic': [1917, 1963, 3282], 'load': [1918], 'define': [1920], 'posttranscriptional': [1921], 'RNA': [1922], 'processing': [1923], 'regulates': [1925], 'development.33–37We': [1927], 'expect': [1929, 2374], 'bring': [1933, 2691], 'classes': [1938, 2031], 'insights': [1944, 2038], 'pathways': [1947, 2041, 2069], 'better': [1954, 2714, 2945, 3777], 'responses': [1961], 'environmental': [1965], 'stress,': [1966], 'Because': [1969], 'causative': [1973, 1981], 'large': [1976], 'frequency': [1979], 'individual': [1984], 'low,': [1987], 'sufficiently': [1988], 'sizeable': [1989], 'cohorts': [1990], 'probands': [1992], 'parents': [1994], 'must': [1995], 'assembled': [1997], 'centers,': [2000], 'achieved': [2004], 'NHLBI': [2007, 4067], 'Genomics': [2010, 2740], 'Consortium.38': [2011], 'Ongoing': [2012], 'collaborations': [2015], 'cardiologists': [2018], 'surgeons,': [2020], 'geneticists,': [2021], 'biologists,': [2023], 'bioinformaticians': [2025], 'identify': [2029], 'impact,': [2045], 'elucidate': [2048], 'relationship': [2050, 2910, 2948], 'particular': [2052], 'outcomes,': [2057], 'course': [2060], 'neurodevelopment.': [2062], 'allow': [2071, 4099], 'cellular': [2076], 'production': [2081], 'induced': [2083], 'pluripotent': [2084], 'stem': [2085, 2183], 'cells': [2086], 'cardiomyopathies': [2094], 'arrhythmias': [2096], 'congenitally': [2099, 3509], 'expressed.': [2100], 'precision': [2102], 'discoveries': [2105], 'advance': [2107, 3739], 'health': [2112], 'earlier': [2117], 'diagnosis,': [2121], 'prediction': [2122], 'response': [2124], 'therapies,': [2126], 'outcome': [2128, 2359], 'prognostication.Regenerative': [2129], 'Medicine': [2130, 3915], '3-Dimensional': [2132], 'PrintingAugmenting': [2133], 'importance': [2136, 2664, 3918], 'domains': [2148], '3-dimensional': [2153], 'printing': [2154, 2293], 'stage': [2160], 'development.': [2164], 'offer': [2167], 'promise': [2169, 2205], 'durable': [2171, 2289], 'patient-specific,': [2173], 'bioengineered': [2174], 'replacement': [2175], 'parts,': [2176], 'singly': [2178], 'combination.': [2181], 'Direct': [2182, 2469], 'cell': [2184], 'regeneration': [2189], 'growth': [2191, 2255, 3940], 'culture': [2193], 'usable': [2195], 'tissue': [2196, 2269], 'prostheses': [2197, 2252, 2320], 'degree': [2201], 'unfulfilled': [2204], 'date,': [2207], 'huge': [2210], 'hopefully': [2218], 'lead': [2219, 3184, 3775], 'applications': [2222], 'targeting': [2223], 'perhaps': [2225], 'originating': [2226], 'within': [2227, 3616], 'cardiology.': [2232], 'large,': [2240], 'diversity': [2244], 'limitations': [2247], 'valve': [2249, 2317], 'conduit': [2251], 'durability,': [2257], 'enhanced': [2260], 'engineering': [2265], 'implanting': [2267], 'functional': [2268, 2942], 'properties': [2270], 'insertion': [2272], 'electrically': [2274], 'competent': [2275], 'conduction': [2276], 'tissue).': [2277], 'Further': [2278], 'bioprosthetic': [2290], 'Three-dimensional': [2292], 'already': [2296], 'used': [2298], 'demonstration': [2300], 'planning': [2302], 'maneuvers': [2306], '4),39': [2310], 'vascular': [2319], 'make': [2324], 'technology.40': [2328], 'Such': [2329], 'supported': [2339], 'exploration': [2341], 'volume': [2346, 3756], 'computational': [2353], 'assessment': [2354], 'function,41': [2357], 'hemodynamics,42–44': [2358], 'risk41,45': [2360], 'possibly': [2362], 'direct': [2366], 'navigational': [2367], 'tool': [2368], 'intervention46': [2371], 'see': [2376, 3938], 'robotic': [2381], 'tools': [2382], 'augmented': [2384], 'reality': [2385], 'platforms': [2386], 'less': [2391], 'invasive': [2392], 'interventions.47–49Download': [2394], '4.': [2397], 'hollow': [2400], 'prototype': [2401], "surgeon's": [2404], 'perspective.': [2405], 'Black': [2406], 'dotted': [2407, 2424, 2467], 'lines': [2408, 3086, 3092, 3647], 'represent': [2409, 3087, 3648], 'intended': [2411], 'incisions.': [2412], 'specimen': [2414], 'opened': [2416, 2450], 'internal': [2418], 'obstructive': [2419, 2461], 'ridge': [2420, 2463], 'resected': [2422, 2465], '(red': [2423, 2466], 'lines).': [2425], 'Autologous': [2426], 'flaps': [2427], 'created': [2429], 'turned': [2431], 'arch': [2434, 2447], 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'morphogenesis,': [2771], 'chromatin': [2772], 'modification,': [2773], 'regulation.29': [2776], 'were': [2780], '1': [2783], '5': [2785, 3617], 'had': [2789], 'noncardiac': [2793, 2807], 'anomalies,': [2794], '2%': [2798], 'without': [2804], 'anomalies.In': [2808], 'brain': [2812, 2868, 2926, 2931, 2950], 'metabolism': [2815], 'relate': [2817], 'utero': [2820], 'disturbances,': [2821], 'cerebral': [2826, 2856], 'hemodynamics': [2827], 'substrate': [2829], 'supply': [2830], 'fetuses': [2836], 'outflow': [2841], 'blood': [2857], 'flow': [2858], 'desaturated': [2861], 'normal.60–63': [2863], 'Therapies': [2864], 'maternal': [2872], 'oxygen': [2873, 3328], 'delivery': [2874, 3377, 3724], 'tested': [2877, 2995], 'refined.64Many': [2879], 'effects': [2880, 3197, 3399], 'comorbidities': [2883, 3230], 'remain': [2887], 'investigated.': [2890], 'Neurocognitive': [2891], 'not': [2894], 'yet': [2895], 'well': [2897, 3834], 'delineate': [2908, 2946], 'deficits': [2912], 'dysfunction': [2916, 3983], 'later': [2918], 'employability,': [2919, 3960], 'relationships,': [2920], 'quality': [2922], 'Advanced': [2925], 'surface': [2932], 'topology,': [2933], 'quantitative': [2934], 'T1': [2935], 'T2': [2937], 'mapping,': [2938], 'structural': [2940, 3239], 'connectivity,': [2943], 'structure': [2951, 3008], 'underpinnings,': [2956], 'well,': [2958], 'population': [2962, 3122, 3444, 3599, 3637, 3665, 3831, 3885], '5).65,66': [2964], 'Finally,': [2965], 'described,': [2975], 'help': [2979], 'school': [2980], 'performance,': [2981], 'compliance': [2987], 'cardiological': [2989], 'should': [2991, 4089], 'future.Download': [2998], '5.': [3001], 'Network': [3002], 'connectivity': [3003], '(connectome)': [3004], 'analysis': [3005], 'demonstrating': [3006], 'community': [3007], '(modularity),': [3009], 'normal': [3012, 3189], 'adolescents': [3013], 'repaired': [3017], 'arteries.': [3022, 3102], 'Graph': [3023], 'indicated': [3025], 'global': [3027, 3065], 'network': [3028, 3066], 'topology': [3029, 3067], 'was': [3030, 3068], 'optimally': [3031], 'comprising': [3034], '4': [3035], 'modules': [3036, 3074], '(Top),': [3037], 'subnetworks,': [3039], 'anteromedial': [3042], 'interhemispheric': [3043, 3047], 'subnetwork': [3044, 3048, 3052, 3057], '(red),': [3045], '(yellow-orange),': [3049], 'intrahemispheric': [3051, 3056], '(green),': [3053], '(cyan).': [3058], 'Spring-loaded': [3059], 'visualization': [3060], '(Bottom)': [3061], 'tightly': [3070], 'clustered': [3071], 'separate': [3073], 'd-TGA': [3077], 'cohort,': [3078], 'fewer': [3080], 'connections': [3081], 'modules.': [3083], 'gray': [3085], 'intermodular': [3088], 'connections.': [3089, 3095], 'colored': [3091], 'intramodular': [3094], 'TGA': [3096], 'Panigrahy': [3105], 'al.65Adults': [3107], 'CHDAn': [3109], 'important': [3110], 'consequence': [3112], 'success': [3115], 'adults': [3124, 3164, 3422, 3673], '(ACHD)': [3129], 'grown': [3131], 'steadily,': [3132], 'categories': [3136], 'designated': [3139], 'severe': [3141], 'formerly': [3143], 'characterized': [3144, 3835], 'infancy': [3149], 'childhood.6': [3152], 'Numbering': [3153], 'estimated': [3155, 3614], '1.3': [3156], 'million': [3157], '2010,': [3163, 3574], 'numerous': [3170], 'constitute': [3174], '60%': [3175], 'total': [3178], 'population.Although': [3180], 'ACHD': [3182, 3225, 3588, 3671, 3733, 3830, 3884, 3901], 'lives': [3185], 'functionally': [3188], 'near': [3191], 'normal,': [3192], 'group,': [3195], 'consequences': [3204, 3801], 'easily': [3212], 'identified.': [3213], 'general': [3218, 3380, 3442, 3597, 3866], 'population,': [3219, 3381, 3730], 'significantly': [3222], 'higher': [3223], '6).67–70': [3228], 'Common': [3229], 'failure,': [3233], 'result': [3236, 3393, 3825], 'residual': [3238], 'valvar': [3242], 'insufficiency),': [3243], 'ventriculotomy),': [3250], 'lesion': [3255], 'itself': [3256], 'loading': [3259], 'systemic': [3261, 3349, 3768], 'ventricle),69,71–73': [3263], 'progression': [3265], 'common.74': [3271], 'Arrhythmias': [3272], 'prevalent,': [3274, 3331], 'resulting': [3275, 3290], 'abnormalities,': [3278], 'perioperative': [3279], 'insult,': [3280], 'pathophysiology.75': [3283], 'pose': [3285], 'significant': [3287], 'burden': [3289, 3317], 'symptoms': [3292], 'pacing/implantable': [3301], 'defibrillator': [3303], 'therapy': [3304], 'apply': [3309], 'effectively': [3310], 'Not': [3313, 3352], 'surprisingly,': [3314, 3353], 'increased': [3316, 3888], 'thromboembolism': [3319], 'stroke': [3321], 'observed.76': [3323], 'Exercise': [3324], 'intolerance': [3325], 'reduced': [3327], 'consumption': [3329], 'CHD,77–79': [3339], 'progressive': [3341], 'hepatic': [3342], 'fibrosis': [3343], 'elevated': [3348], 'pressures.80,81': [3351], 'women': [3356], 'pregnant,': [3361], 'events': [3364], 'pregnancy': [3367], 'childbirth': [3369], 'considerably': [3371], 'during': [3374], 'admission': [3375], 'particularly': [3382], 'hypertension.82–85': [3390], 'As': [3391], 'pathophysiologies,': 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