Title: On the Historical Contribution Made by Western Naturalism Educators to the Development of Education Science
Abstract: Western naturalism thought experienced five periods of evolution: budding stage,objective naturalism thought,subjective naturalism thought,psychological naturalism thought and the growth theory on naturalism thought. Educators on each stage have made important contribution to the development of science. The objective naturalism educator,Comenius,made enormous contributions. Firstly,he produced the first book on pedagogy in the history of science,pointing out the direction of the development of modern education. Secondly,he established a new generalized humanism view,exceeding classical humanism education. Thirdly,he made a scientific exploration on the laws of education. Fourthly,he created the natural analogy method for the research. Last,he established the first paradigm in the history of western naturalism education,which is called the objectivization of naturalism idea. As for subjective naturalism educator Rousseau,his contributions are as follows: firstly,he established the view oftreating children as children. Secondly,he presented the view on purpose that includes respecting children's natural nature and cultivating natural person. He has laid the theoretical base on the view of individual-based goal. And he constructed an with children's view. What's more,he established the form of subjective naturalism thought. Psychological naturalism educators,for example,Pestalozzi,Herbart,Diesterweds,have made the following contributions: advocating psychologized that took the initiative of the exploration of science; manifesting the theoretical bases turning into a subject of science are ethics and psychology; building a more complete system than ever which enables people to follow; forming the research purport of psychological naturalism educators,which is the psychologization of educational purpose,educational process and educational method; establishing the form of psychological naturalism education. The naturalism educator of growth theory,John Dewey,has made lots of contributions including proposing and discussing three propositions: education is growingeducation is lifeeducation is the continual transform of experience,which enriched and deepened the connotation and vision of the concept education; presenting and discussing the generated purpose——to cultivate the growing people that give consideration to the development of both the individual and the society,thus deepened the understanding and vision of educational goal; enriching and deepening the understanding and the vision of children-centered view. He took the initiative of making the 20 thcentury children'century and founded the paradigm of growth theory on naturalism thought. Studying these educators' contributions is beneficial to improve further the development of science.
Publication Year: 2014
Publication Date: 2014-01-01
Language: en
Type: article
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