Title: Facial recontouring through botulinum toxin A
Abstract: Botulinum toxin causes muscular paralysis disturbing secretion of acetylcholine at neuro-muscular junction. In the early 1970s, Scott sought a biologic toxin that would be useful in paralyzing muscular action around the eyes. On April 15, 2002, the FDA granted Allergan, approval to Botox Cosmetic for the temporary improvement in the glabellar lines. Botulinum toxin is used primarily in dermatology for treatment of the dynamic expression lines of the upper third of the face. The indication has expanded to treat hyperhidrosis of hands, feet and arm pits. In Korea, common indications are the reduction of masseteric muscle, calf muscle, and trapezius muscle hypertrophy by the principle that “The less use for muscle, the smaller muscle”. Botulinum toxin has been based on muscular injection after early stage of development. Intradermal injection with small amount has been used after 2005, which is called dermotoxin or meso-botox. Intradermal injection is more natural than original muscular injection in terms of wrinkle and also leads improvement of skin texture, skin tightening, and skin lifting. Intradermal injection has been neglected by doctors due to lack of academic proof and has not been standardized as there are a lot of ways for treatment. I inject Botulinum toxin in a layer of fat not in muscle by shrinking facial muscle slowly without impacting its function and also inject botulinum toxin intradermally for the improvement of wrinkle, skin lifting. I would like to introduce facial contouring, new cosmetic indication using Botulinum toxin and present the results and the ways of the treatment through this article.
Publication Year: 2013
Publication Date: 2013-01-01
Language: en
Type: article
Access and Citation
AI Researcher Chatbot
Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot