Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2232946413', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.35767/gscpgbull.19.2.372', 'title': 'The Permian-Triassic Boundary in New Zealand and New Caledonia and Its Relationship to World Climatic Changes and Extinction of Permian Life [Abstract]', 'display_name': 'The Permian-Triassic Boundary in New Zealand and New Caledonia and Its Relationship to World Climatic Changes and Extinction of Permian Life [Abstract]', 'publication_year': 1973, 'publication_date': '1973-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2232946413', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.35767/gscpgbull.19.2.372', 'mag': '2232946413'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'http://archives.datapages.com/data/cspg/data/019/019002/0372.htm', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S39839365', 'display_name': 'Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology', 'issn_l': '0007-4802', 'issn': ['0007-4802', '2368-0261'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4324303931', 'host_organization_name': 'Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4324303931'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': [], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5007793866', 'display_name': 'J. B. Waterhouse', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I185261750', 'display_name': 'University of Toronto', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03dbr7087', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I185261750']}], 'countries': ['CA'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'J. B. Waterhouse', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Geology, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario, Canada'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Geology, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario, Canada', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I185261750']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5007793866'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I185261750'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.205, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 11, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.553157, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 83, 'max': 84}, 'biblio': {'volume': '19', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '372', 'last_page': '373'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10109', 'display_name': 'Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils', 'score': 0.9855, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1911', 'display_name': 'Paleontology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10109', 'display_name': 'Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils', 'score': 0.9855, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1911', 'display_name': 'Paleontology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10955', 'display_name': 'Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology', 'score': 0.9633, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1911', 'display_name': 'Paleontology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11354', 'display_name': 'Evolution and Paleontology Studies', 'score': 0.9456, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1911', 'display_name': 'Paleontology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/early-triassic', 'display_name': 'Early Triassic', 'score': 0.73121226}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/ladinian', 'display_name': 'Ladinian', 'score': 0.62767625}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C83365034', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76402', 'display_name': 'Permian', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.97158235}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C151730666', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205', 'display_name': 'Paleontology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.86849546}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127313418', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069', 'display_name': 'Geology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.8047302}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C125471540', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104021', 'display_name': 'Fauna', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7349526}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781229967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1075885', 'display_name': 'Early Triassic', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.73121226}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C13106087', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75507', 'display_name': 'Paleozoic', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.68826175}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C146357865', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123245', 'display_name': 'Stage (stratigraphy)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.63918924}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777025380', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q726791', 'display_name': 'Ladinian', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.62767625}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C35306142', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55814', 'display_name': 'Extinction event', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.4435164}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C47559259', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778143', 'display_name': 'Biological dispersal', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.13495761}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C109007969', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565', 'display_name': 'Structural basin', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.09827617}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.070952475}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2908647359', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603', 'display_name': 'Population', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.054938763}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.05479306}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C149923435', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732', 'display_name': 'Demography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144024400', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201', 'display_name': 'Sociology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'http://archives.datapages.com/data/cspg/data/019/019002/0372.htm', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S39839365', 'display_name': 'Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology', 'issn_l': '0007-4802', 'issn': ['0007-4802', '2368-0261'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4324303931', 'host_organization_name': 'Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4324303931'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14', 'display_name': 'Life below water', 'score': 0.89}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2906074324', 'https://openalex.org/W2380211244', 'https://openalex.org/W2280395291', 'https://openalex.org/W2266425008', 'https://openalex.org/W2261086665', 'https://openalex.org/W2240144422', 'https://openalex.org/W2196893996', 'https://openalex.org/W2154205881', 'https://openalex.org/W2122594199', 'https://openalex.org/W2077568244', 'https://openalex.org/W2077499472', 'https://openalex.org/W2061526312', 'https://openalex.org/W2026724277', 'https://openalex.org/W2015487165', 'https://openalex.org/W1999716329', 'https://openalex.org/W1989579901', 'https://openalex.org/W1981361248', 'https://openalex.org/W1968802326', 'https://openalex.org/W1942423684', 'https://openalex.org/W1517145734'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract': [0], 'In': [1], 'New': [2, 107, 190, 212, 237, 290], 'Zealand': [3, 191, 238, 291], 'the': [4, 46, 56, 82, 103, 110, 116, 129, 132, 147, 156, 161, 169, 173, 178, 233, 274, 296, 299, 305, 326, 331, 359, 394, 402, 439, 444, 449, 469, 475, 478, 500], 'stratigraphic': [5], 'contact': [6, 206], 'between': [7, 207, 221], 'Triassic': [8, 188, 210], 'and': [9, 14, 21, 38, 62, 71, 76, 87, 142, 153, 177, 209, 218, 223, 239, 250, 321, 340, 351, 354, 399, 401, 418, 429, 459, 502, 511], 'Permian': [10, 30, 51, 99, 162, 208, 256, 267, 287, 479], 'is': [11, 16, 32, 165, 214, 366, 387, 431, 482], 'generally': [12], 'unconformable,': [13], 'there': [15], 'no': [17], 'faunal': [18, 361, 371], 'intergradation.': [19], 'Griesbachian': [20], 'Dienerian': [22], '(basal': [23], 'Triassic)': [24], 'faunas': [25, 288, 303, 317, 336, 347, 386, 392], 'are': [26, 49, 89, 95, 138, 158, 198, 261, 271, 309, 337, 348], 'not': [27, 90], 'known.': [28], 'The': [29, 41, 97, 135, 186, 195, 205, 284, 425], 'segment': [31], 'unusually': [33, 518], 'thick,': [34], 'almost': [35], 'entirely': [36], 'marine,': [37], 'moderately': [39], 'fossiliferous.': [40], 'penultimate': [42], 'faunas,': [43, 52, 79, 112], 'characteristic': [44, 101, 159], 'of': [45, 60, 69, 74, 85, 102, 106, 115, 131, 140, 160, 199, 225, 236, 265, 286, 298, 307, 318, 330, 379, 427, 441, 451, 468, 472, 477, 493], 'Waiitian': [47], 'Stage,': [48], 'normal': [50], 'approximately': [53], 'equivalent': [54, 80, 231], 'to': [55, 81, 232, 263, 295, 316, 373, 484], 'middle': [57, 200], 'Dzhulfian': [58], 'zones': [59], 'Armenia': [61, 86], 'Iran,': [63, 88], 'Japan': [64], '(Gujo),': [65], 'upper': [66, 72], 'Ferntree': [67], 'Group': [68], 'Tasmania,': [70], 'Bellerophonkalk': [73], 'Italy': [75], 'Austria.': [77], 'Younger': [78], 'so-called': [83], 'Eotriassic': [84], 'present,': [91], 'though': [92], 'marine': [93], 'rocks': [94], 'found.': [96], 'topmost': [98], 'fauna,': [100], 'Makarewan': [104, 170], 'Stage': [105, 171, 235], 'Zealand,': [108], 'unlike': [109], 'preceding': [111], 'lacks': [113], 'any': [114], 'major': [117], 'brachiopod': [118, 136], 'groups,': [119], 'such': [120, 149, 409, 415], 'as': [121, 150, 253, 410, 416], 'Stropho-menida': [122], 'or': [123, 202, 257], 'Productida': [124], 'which': [125, 144, 504], 'virtually': [126], 'disappeared': [127], 'at': [128, 474], 'end': [130, 476], 'Paleozoic': [133], 'era.': [134], 'genera': [137, 157, 414, 501], 'members': [139], 'orders': [141], 'families': [143, 503], 'survived': [145], 'into': [146, 184], 'Triassic,': [148], 'Rhynchonellida,': [151], 'Spiriferacea': [152], 'Dielasmatidae,': [154], 'but': [155, 270], 'Period.': [163, 480], 'It': [164], 'thus': [166], 'possible': [167], 'that': [168, 499, 512], 'represents': [172], 'very': [174, 349], 'latest': [175], 'Permian,': [176], 'most': [179], 'convincing': [180], 'transition': [181], 'yet': [182], 'known': [183], 'Triassic.': [185, 259], 'earliest': [187, 196], 'in': [189, 211, 289, 304, 323, 393, 434, 448, 509, 517], 'contains': [192], 'poorly-dated': [193], 'bivalves.': [194], 'ammonoids': [197], 'Scythian,': [201], 'Smithian': [203], 'age.': [204], 'Caledonia': [213], 'less': [215], 'well': [216], 'exposed,': [217], 'falls': [219], 'somewhere': [220], 'brachiopods': [222], 'bivalves': [224], 'Capitanian': [226], '(=': [227], 'basal': [228], 'Tatarian)': [229], 'age,': [230], 'Puruhauan': [234], 'Ladinian': [240], 'brachiopods.': [241], 'Ammonoids,': [242], 'including': [243], 'Xenodiscids,': [244], 'have': [245, 485], 'been': [246, 282, 486], 'described': [247], 'by': [248, 273, 368, 384, 391, 438], 'Avias': [249], 'Guerin': [251], '(1958)': [252], 'either': [254], 'Late': [255], 'Early': [258], 'Some': [260], 'ascribed': [262], 'Xenaspis': [264], 'Middle': [266], '(Wargal-Chhidru': [268], 'age)': [269], 'accompanied': [272], 'Scythian': [275], 'genus': [276], 'Meekoceras.': [277], 'Mid-Permian': [278], 'Cyclolobus': [279], 'has': [280], 'also': [281, 388, 432], 'identified.': [283], 'sequence': [285, 306], 'provide': [292, 464], 'a': [293, 374, 465, 513, 522], 'key': [294], 'nature': [297, 440], 'Permian-Triassic': [300], 'contact.': [301], 'Three': [302], 'eight': [308], 'relatively': [310, 343], 'impoverished': [311], 'generically,': [312], 'with': [313, 325], 'strong': [314], 'affinities': [315], 'eastern': [319], 'Australia,': [320], 'coincide': [322], 'age': [324], 'main': [327], 'glacial': [328], 'phases': [329], 'east': [332], 'Australian': [333], 'Permian.': [334], 'Overlying': [335], 'more': [338], 'diversified,': [339], 'therefore,': [341], 'indicate': [342], 'warmer': [344, 385], 'water.': [345], 'Following': [346], 'diverse': [350], 'include': [352], 'Fusulinacea': [353], 'reef-building': [355], 'corals,': [356], 'absent': [357], 'from': [358], 'other': [360], 'suites.': [362], 'Each': [363], 'warm-water': [364], 'fauna': [365], 'followed': [367, 383], 'an': [369, 435], 'abrupt': [370], 'change': [372], 'cold-water': [375, 413], 'fauna.': [376], 'This': [377, 481], 'pattern': [378, 426], 'three': [380], 'cold': [381, 403], 'episodes': [382, 404], 'reflected': [389, 433], 'widely': [390], 'Northern': [395], 'Hemisphere': [396], 'through': [397], 'Canada': [398], 'Siberia,': [400], 'even': [405], 'affected': [406], 'paleotropical': [407], 'regions': [408], 'Texas,': [411], 'when': [412], 'Yakovlevia': [417], 'Spiriferella': [419], 'were': [420, 506], 'introduced': [421], 'for': [422, 521], 'brief': [423, 523], 'times.': [424], 'glaciation': [428], 'amelioration': [430], 'intricate': [436], 'way': [437], 'sedimentation': [442], 'over': [443, 489], 'entire': [445], 'globe,': [446], 'particularly': [447], 'formation': [450], 'coral': [452], 'reefs,': [453], 'coal': [454], 'measures,': [455], 'tillites,': [456], 'salt': [457], 'deposits': [458], 'red': [460], 'beds.': [461], 'Climatic': [462], 'changes': [463], 'simple': [466], 'explanation': [467], 'great': [470], 'destruction': [471], 'life': [473], 'considered': [483], 'real,': [487], 'affecting': [488], '50': [490], 'per': [491], 'cent': [492], 'all': [494], 'life.': [495], 'Faunal': [496], 'analyses': [497], 'show': [498], 'perished': [505], 'essentially': [507], 'tropical': [508], 'habitat,': [510], 'prime': [514], 'cause': [515], 'lay': [516], 'high': [519], 'temperatures': [520], 'interval.': [524]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2232946413', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-17T00:30:28.857928', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}