Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2152363375', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2002/084)', 'title': 'Phoneme Recognition and Confusions With Multichannel Cochlear Implants', 'display_name': 'Phoneme Recognition and Confusions With Multichannel Cochlear Implants', 'publication_year': 2002, 'publication_date': '2002-10-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2152363375', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2002/084)', 'mag': '2152363375', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12381060'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2002/084)', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S110744938', 'display_name': 'Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research', 'issn_l': '1092-4388', 'issn': ['1092-4388', '1558-9102'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320281', 'host_organization_name': 'American Speech–Language–Hearing Association', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320281'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Speech–Language–Hearing Association'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5040984110', 'display_name': 'Taina Välimaa', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4826-6401'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I98381234', 'display_name': 'University of Oulu', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03yj89h83', 'country_code': 'FI', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I98381234']}], 'countries': ['FI'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Taina T. Välimaa', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Finnish, Saami and Logopedics University of Oulu Oulu, Finland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Finnish, Saami and Logopedics University of Oulu Oulu, Finland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I98381234']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5047583037', 'display_name': 'Taisto Määttä', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I98381234', 'display_name': 'University of Oulu', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03yj89h83', 'country_code': 'FI', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I98381234']}], 'countries': ['FI'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Taisto K. Määttä', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Finnish, Saami and Logopedics University of Oulu Oulu, Finland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Finnish, Saami and Logopedics University of Oulu Oulu, Finland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I98381234']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5053982660', 'display_name': 'Heikki Löppönen', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2002-5358'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2799272722', 'display_name': 'Oulu University Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/045ney286', 'country_code': 'FI', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2799272722']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I98381234', 'display_name': 'University of Oulu', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03yj89h83', 'country_code': 'FI', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I98381234']}], 'countries': ['FI'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Heikki J. Löppönen', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Otorhinolaryngology Oulu University Hospital University of Oulu Oulu, Finland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Otorhinolaryngology Oulu University Hospital University of Oulu Oulu, Finland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2799272722', 'https://openalex.org/I98381234']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5111990096', 'display_name': 'Martti Sorri', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2799272722', 'display_name': 'Oulu University Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/045ney286', 'country_code': 'FI', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2799272722']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I98381234', 'display_name': 'University of Oulu', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03yj89h83', 'country_code': 'FI', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I98381234']}], 'countries': ['FI'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Martti J. Sorri', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Otorhinolaryngology Oulu University Hospital University of Oulu Oulu, Finland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Otorhinolaryngology Oulu University Hospital University of Oulu Oulu, Finland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2799272722', 'https://openalex.org/I98381234']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.427, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 34, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.717501, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 89, 'max': 90}, 'biblio': {'volume': '45', 'issue': '5', 'first_page': '1039', 'last_page': '1054'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10283', 'display_name': 'Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2805', 'display_name': 'Cognitive Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10283', 'display_name': 'Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2805', 'display_name': 'Cognitive Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10860', 'display_name': 'Speech and Audio Processing', 'score': 0.9994, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1711', 'display_name': 'Signal Processing'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10403', 'display_name': 'Phonetics and Phonology Research', 'score': 0.999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3205', 'display_name': 'Experimental and Cognitive Psychology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/32', 'display_name': 'Psychology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779581591', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36244', 'display_name': 'Vowel', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.77115875}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778882171', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q724965', 'display_name': 'Cochlear implant', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7554069}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C548259974', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965', 'display_name': 'Audiology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.72346}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C109089402', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8188', 'display_name': 'Syllable', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5352567}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778067643', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166507', 'display_name': 'Interval (graph theory)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5054977}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C44249647', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498', 'display_name': 'Confidence interval', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.48126763}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C28490314', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436', 'display_name': 'Speech recognition', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.42833453}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.4270798}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.35137886}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.19796619}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105795698', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483', 'display_name': 'Statistics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.13146642}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.12930754}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C114614502', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592', 'display_name': 'Combinatorics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D003054', 'descriptor_name': 'Cochlear Implants', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003638', 'descriptor_name': 'Deafness', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000628', 'qualifier_name': 'therapy', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010700', 'descriptor_name': 'Phonetics', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D021641', 'descriptor_name': 'Recognition, Psychology', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013067', 'descriptor_name': 'Speech Perception', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000161', 'descriptor_name': 'Acoustic Stimulation', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000295', 'qualifier_name': 'instrumentation', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000161', 'descriptor_name': 'Acoustic Stimulation', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000328', 'descriptor_name': 'Adult', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000368', 'descriptor_name': 'Aged', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003638', 'descriptor_name': 'Deafness', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004867', 'descriptor_name': 'Equipment Design', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005260', 'descriptor_name': 'Female', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008875', 'descriptor_name': 'Middle Aged', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2002/084)', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S110744938', 'display_name': 'Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research', 'issn_l': '1092-4388', 'issn': ['1092-4388', '1558-9102'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320281', 'host_organization_name': 'American Speech–Language–Hearing Association', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320281'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Speech–Language–Hearing Association'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12381059', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Quality education', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4', 'score': 0.76}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 64, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1487078229', 'https://openalex.org/W170956802', 'https://openalex.org/W17144746', 'https://openalex.org/W1970533835', 'https://openalex.org/W1974932989', 'https://openalex.org/W1976332190', 'https://openalex.org/W1977021851', 'https://openalex.org/W1980682802', 'https://openalex.org/W1982757978', 'https://openalex.org/W1984543183', 'https://openalex.org/W1994657361', 'https://openalex.org/W1995594236', 'https://openalex.org/W1997539762', 'https://openalex.org/W1999241803', 'https://openalex.org/W2003643993', 'https://openalex.org/W2005553261', 'https://openalex.org/W2014058644', 'https://openalex.org/W2014630072', 'https://openalex.org/W2014938809', 'https://openalex.org/W2016439717', 'https://openalex.org/W2018052119', 'https://openalex.org/W2024268125', 'https://openalex.org/W2034152135', 'https://openalex.org/W2040504831', 'https://openalex.org/W2042413233', 'https://openalex.org/W2042664356', 'https://openalex.org/W2056070762', 'https://openalex.org/W2056133372', 'https://openalex.org/W2057404337', 'https://openalex.org/W2058319502', 'https://openalex.org/W2059204188', 'https://openalex.org/W2059450962', 'https://openalex.org/W2059606265', 'https://openalex.org/W2061175195', 'https://openalex.org/W2067165232', 'https://openalex.org/W2068154441', 'https://openalex.org/W2073149128', 'https://openalex.org/W2076674275', 'https://openalex.org/W2078928230', 'https://openalex.org/W2080098258', 'https://openalex.org/W2086481317', 'https://openalex.org/W2091572759', 'https://openalex.org/W2093895867', 'https://openalex.org/W2105564866', 'https://openalex.org/W2111489050', 'https://openalex.org/W2119588911', 'https://openalex.org/W2119954296', 'https://openalex.org/W2128206121', 'https://openalex.org/W2141968115', 'https://openalex.org/W2154846718', 'https://openalex.org/W2170906299', 'https://openalex.org/W2204940930', 'https://openalex.org/W2282506697', 'https://openalex.org/W2313913922', 'https://openalex.org/W2325210680', 'https://openalex.org/W2337916339', 'https://openalex.org/W2396129097', 'https://openalex.org/W2408818920', 'https://openalex.org/W2473382157', 'https://openalex.org/W2527125891', 'https://openalex.org/W2989810759', 'https://openalex.org/W4232426181', 'https://openalex.org/W4252892948', 'https://openalex.org/W572194296'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2514064218', 'https://openalex.org/W2399404538', 'https://openalex.org/W2170906299', 'https://openalex.org/W2132658536', 'https://openalex.org/W2112609279', 'https://openalex.org/W2094188777', 'https://openalex.org/W2004149178', 'https://openalex.org/W1972215553', 'https://openalex.org/W1581825163', 'https://openalex.org/W14242463'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'The': [0, 54, 71, 97], 'aim': [1], 'of': [2, 26, 35, 41], 'this': [3], 'study': [4], 'was': [5, 30, 75, 132], 'to': [6, 16, 108, 124], 'investigate': [7], 'how': [8], 'postlingually': [9], 'severely': [10], 'or': [11, 147, 167], 'profoundly': [12], 'hearing-impaired': [13], 'adults': [14], 'relearn': [15], 'recognize': [17], 'vowels': [18, 98, 112, 143], 'after': [19, 84, 95], 'receiving': [20], 'multichannel': [21, 129], 'cochlear': [22, 130], 'implants.': [23], 'Vowel': [24], 'recognition': [25, 66, 74], '19': [27], 'Finnish-speaking': [28], 'subjects': [29], 'studied': [31], 'for': [32, 58, 65, 136], 'a': [33, 39, 50, 128], 'minimum': [34], '6': [36, 82], 'months': [37, 43, 83, 94], 'and': [38, 61, 67, 86, 103, 110, 115], 'maximum': [40], '24': [42, 93], 'using': [44, 127], 'an': [45], 'open-set': [46], 'nonsense-syllable': [47], 'test': [48], 'in': [49], 'prospective': [51], 'repeated-measure': [52], 'design.': [53], 'responses': [55], 'were': [56, 69, 105, 117, 155], 'coded': [57], 'phoneme': [59], 'errors,': [60], '95%': [62], 'confidence': [63, 78, 89], 'intervals': [64], 'confusions': [68, 154], 'calculated.': [70], 'average': [72], 'vowel': [73, 161], '68%': [76], '(95%': [77, 88], 'interval': [79, 90], '=': [80, 91], '66–70%)': [81], 'switch-on': [85], '80%': [87], '78–82%)': [92], 'switch-on.': [96], '[æ],': [99], '[u],': [100], '[i],': [101], '[o],': [102], '[a]': [104], 'the': [106, 111, 118, 151, 159, 163], 'easiest': [107], 'recognize,': [109], '[y],': [113], '[e],': [114], '[ø]': [116], 'most': [119], 'difficult.': [120], 'In': [121], 'conclusion,': [122], 'adaptation': [123], 'electrical': [125], 'hearing': [126], 'implant': [131], 'achieved': [133], 'well;': [134], 'but': [135], 'at': [137, 149], 'least': [138], '2': [139], 'years,': [140], 'given': [141], 'two': [142], 'with': [144, 162], 'either': [145], 'F1': [146, 166], 'F2': [148], 'roughly': [150], 'same': [152], 'frequencies,': [153], 'drawn': [156], 'more': [157], 'towards': [158], 'closest': [160], 'next': [164], 'highest': [165], 'F2.': [168]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2152363375', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-08T05:06:50.393379', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}