Title: Lipid-membrane interactions and the pathogenesis of ischemic damage in the myocardium.
Abstract: HomeCirculation ResearchVol. 48, No. 1Lipid-membrane interactions and the pathogenesis of ischemic damage in the myocardium. Free AccessAbstractPDF/EPUBAboutView PDFSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload citationsTrack citationsPermissions ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InMendeleyReddit Jump toFree AccessAbstractPDF/EPUBLipid-membrane interactions and the pathogenesis of ischemic damage in the myocardium. A M Katz and F C Messineo A M KatzA M Katz and F C MessineoF C Messineo Originally published1 Jan 1981https://doi.org/10.1161/01.RES.48.1.1Circulation Research. 1981;48:1–16 Previous Back to top Next FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited By Habibi S, Lee H, Moncada‐Hernandez H and Minerick A (2022) Induction and suppression of cell lysis in an electrokinetic microfluidic system, ELECTROPHORESIS, 10.1002/elps.202100310, 43:12, (1322-1336), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2022. Kazatseva K, Nagornev S, Frolkov V and Gusakova E (2021) The dynamics of indicators of peroxide metabolism in patients with cicatricial skin deformations in combination with metabolic syndrome in complex use of physiotherapeutic treatment methods and drinking mineral waters, Fizioterapevt (Physiotherapist), 10.33920/med-14-2104-06:2, (45-55), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2021. Meeran M, Laham F, Azimullah S, Sharma C, Al Kaabi A, Tariq S, Adeghate E, Goyal S and Ojha S (2021) β-Caryophyllene, a natural bicyclic sesquiterpene attenuates β-adrenergic agonist-induced myocardial injury in a cannabinoid receptor-2 dependent and independent manner, Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.01.046, 167, (348-366), Online publication date: 1-May-2021. Lee I, Kim H, Choi S, Kim Y and Choi K (2019) Doxorubicin concentration in brain remains high for one day after triolein emulsion infusion induced BBB opening, International Journal of Neuroscience, 10.1080/00207454.2019.1705809, 130:8, (770-776), Online publication date: 2-Aug-2020. Demion M, Oger C, Vigor C, Thireau J, Guennec J, Durand T, Galano J and Lee J (2017) Two sides of the same coin: NEO‐PUFAs in Rett syndrome and post‐infarction cardiac arrhythmias, European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 10.1002/ejlt.201600320, 119:6, (1600320), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2017. Nishikido T, Oyama J, Shiraki A, Komoda H and Node K (2016) Deletion of Apoptosis Inhibitor of Macrophage (AIM)/CD5L Attenuates the Inflammatory Response and Infarct Size in Acute Myocardial Infarction, Journal of the American Heart Association, 5:4, Online publication date: 3-Apr-2016. Miao H, Li M, Zhang X, Yuan S, Ho C and Zhao Y (2015) The antihyperlipidemic effect of Fu-Ling-Pi is associated with abnormal fatty acid metabolism as assessed by UPLC-HDMS-based lipidomics, RSC Advances, 10.1039/C5RA09766E, 5:79, (64208-64219) Miao H, Chen H, Pei S, Bai X, Vaziri N and Zhao Y (2015) Plasma lipidomics reveal profound perturbation of glycerophospholipids, fatty acids, and sphingolipids in diet-induced hyperlipidemia, Chemico-Biological Interactions, 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.01.023, 228, (79-87), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2015. Hemalatha K and Stanely Mainzen Prince P (2015) Antihyperlipidaemic, Antihypertrophic, and Reducing Effects of Zingerone on Experimentally Induced Myocardial Infarcted Rats, Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology, 10.1002/jbt.21683, 29:4, (182-188), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2015. Nagoor Meeran M, Jagadeesh G and Selvaraj P (2015) Thymol attenuates altered lipid metabolism in β-adrenergic agonist induced myocardial infarcted rats by inhibiting tachycardia, altered electrocardiogram, apoptosis and cardiac hypertrophy, Journal of Functional Foods, 10.1016/j.jff.2015.01.013, 14, (51-62), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2015. Lobo R and Shenoy C (2014) Myocardial potency of Bio-tea against Isoproterenol induced myocardial damage in rats, Journal of Food Science and Technology, 10.1007/s13197-014-1492-6, 52:7, (4491-4498), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2015. Haugaa H, Gómez H, Maberry D, Holder A, Ogundele O, Quintero A, Escobar D, Tønnessen T, Airgood H, Dezfulian C, Kenny E, Shiva S, Zuckerbraun B and Pinsky M (2015) Effects of inhalation of low-dose nitrite or carbon monoxide on post-reperfusion mitochondrial function and tissue injury in hemorrhagic shock swine, Critical Care, 10.1186/s13054-015-0903-z, 19:1, Online publication date: 1-Dec-2015. Martín P, Moncada M, Enrique N, Asuaje A, Valdez Capuccino J, Gonzalez C and Milesi V (2013) Arachidonic acid activation of BKCa (Slo1) channels associated to the β1-subunit in human vascular smooth muscle cells, Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology, 10.1007/s00424-013-1422-x, 466:9, (1779-1792), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2014. Marín-García J (2013) Role of Mitochondria in Ischemia and Cardioprotection Mitochondria and Their Role in Cardiovascular Disease, 10.1007/978-1-4614-4599-9_16, (313-325), . Şehirli A, Koyun D, Tetik Ş, Özsavcı D, Yiğiner Ö, Çetinel Ş, Tok O, Kaya Z, Akkiprik M, Kılıç E and Şener G (2013) Melatonin protects against ischemic heart failure in rats, Journal of Pineal Research, 10.1111/jpi.12054, 55:2, (138-148), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2013. Madhesh M and Vaiyapuri M (2013) Luteolin a dietary flavonoid attenuates isoproterenol-induced myocardial oxidative stress in rat myocardium: An in vivo study, Biomedicine & Preventive Nutrition, 10.1016/j.bionut.2013.01.002, 3:2, (159-164), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2013. Stanely Mainzen Prince P and Senthil Kumaran K (2012) Preventive effects of caffeic acid on lipids, lipoproteins and glycoproteins in isoproterenol induced myocardial infarcted rats, Food Research International, 10.1016/j.foodres.2011.10.009, 45:1, (155-160), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2012. Tan G, Lou Z, Liao W, Dong X, Zhu Z, Li W and Chai Y (2012) Hydrophilic interaction and reversed-phase ultraperformance liquid chromatographyTOF-MS for serum metabonomic analysis of myocardial infarction in rats and its applications, Mol. BioSyst., 10.1039/C1MB05324H, 8:2, (548-556) Pogula B, Maharajan M, Oddepalli D, Boini L, Arella M and Sabarimuthu D (2012) Morin protects heart from beta-adrenergic-stimulated myocardial infarction: an electrocardiographic, biochemical, and histological study in rats, Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry, 10.1007/s13105-012-0157-z, 68:3, (433-446), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2012. Ashour A, Sayed-Ahmed M, Abd-Allah A, Korashy H, Maayah Z, Alkhalidi H, Mubarak M and Alhaider A (2012) Metformin Rescues the Myocardium from Doxorubicin-Induced Energy Starvation and Mitochondrial Damage in Rats, Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 10.1155/2012/434195, 2012, (1-13), . Liu J, Takase I, Hakucho A, Okamura N and Fujimiya T (2012) Carvedilol Attenuates the Progression of Alcohol Fatty Liver Disease in Rats, Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2012.01773.x, 36:9, (1587-1599), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2012. Di Lisa F and Scorrano L (2012) Mitochondrial Morphology and Function Muscle, 10.1016/B978-0-12-381510-1.00017-X, (217-229), . Qiu H, Liu J, Wei D, Li N, Yamoah E, Hammock B and Chiamvimonvat N (2012) Cardiac-generated prostanoids mediate cardiac myocyte apoptosis after myocardial ischaemia, Cardiovascular Research, 10.1093/cvr/cvs191, 95:3, (336-345), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2012., Online publication date: 1-Aug-2012. Wallner S and Schmitz G (2011) Plasmalogens the neglected regulatory and scavenging lipid species, Chemistry and Physics of Lipids, 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2011.06.008, 164:6, (573-589), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2011. Gracey A, Lee T, Higashi R and Fan T (2011) Hypoxia-induced mobilization of stored triglycerides in the euryoxic goby Gillichthys mirabilis , Journal of Experimental Biology, 10.1242/jeb.059907, 214:18, (3005-3012), Online publication date: 15-Sep-2011. Patel R and Kramer C (2010) Acute Myocardial Infarction Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, 10.1016/B978-0-443-06686-3.00019-9, (253-266), . Di Lisa F, Semenzato M, Carpi A, Menazza S, Kaludercic N, Menabò R and Canton M (2010) Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cell Injury and Cardiotoxicity Cardiotoxicity of Non-Cardiovascular Drugs, 10.1002/9780470660379.ch1, (1-23) Biswas S, Sarai M, Yamada A, Toyama H, Motoyama S, Harigaya H, Hara T, Naruse H, Hishida H and Ozaki Y (2010) The washout rate of 123I-BMIPP and the evolution of left ventricular function in patients with successfully reperfused ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: comparisons with the echocardiography, The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging, 10.1007/s10554-009-9575-6, 26:S1, (155-164), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2010. Glatz J, Luiken J and Bonen A (2010) Membrane Fatty Acid Transporters as Regulators of Lipid Metabolism: Implications for Metabolic Disease, Physiological Reviews, 10.1152/physrev.00003.2009, 90:1, (367-417), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2010. Matsuki A, Nozawa T, Igawa A, Igarashi N, Nakadate T, Fujii N and Inoue H (2009) Ischemic preconditioning accelerates the fatty acid oxidation of rat hearts, International Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/j.ijcard.2008.01.014, 132:3, (405-410), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2009. de Leiris J, de Lorgeril M and Boucher F (2009) Fish Oil and Heart Health, Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, 10.1097/FJC.0b013e3181af6c56, 54:5, (378-384), Online publication date: 1-Nov-2009. Padmanabhan M, Rajadurai M and Prince P (2008) Preventive Effect of S-Allylcysteine on Membrane-Bound Enzymes and Glycoproteins in Normal and Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiac Toxicity in Male Wistar Rats, Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2008.00244.x, 103:6, (507-513), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2008. Briede J, Stivrina M, Vigante B, Stoldere D and Duburs G (2008) Acute effect of antidiabetic 1,4-dihydropyridine compound cerebrocrast on cardiac function and glucose metabolism in the isolated, perfused normal rat heart, Cell Biochemistry and Function, 10.1002/cbf.1442, 26:2, (238-245), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2008. Huang Y, Wang S, Hsu K, Tseng Y and Wu J (2007) Mechanism of oleic acid-induced myofibril disassembly in rat cardiomyocytes, Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 10.1002/jcb.21317, 102:3, (638-649), Online publication date: 15-Oct-2007. Senthil S, Sridevi M and Pugalendi K (2008) Protective Effect of Ursolic Acid Against Myocardial Ischemia Induced by Isoproterenol in Rats, Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 10.1080/15376510600822649, 17:1, (57-65), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2007. Okizaki A, Shuke N, Sato J, Sasaki T, Hasebe N, Kikuchi K and Aburano T (2007) A compartment model analysis for investigation of myocardial fatty acid metabolism in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Nuclear Medicine Communications, 10.1097/MNM.0b013e32828da1c7, 28:9, (726-735), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2007. Sangeetha T and Darlin Quine S (2007) Preventive effect ofS-allyl cysteine sulfoxide (alliin) on lysosomal hydrolases and membrane-bound atpases in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in wistar rats, Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology, 10.1002/jbt.20166, 21:3, (118-124), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2007. Retamal M, Schalper K, Shoji K, Orellana J, Bennett M and Sáez J (2007) Possible Involvement of Different Connexin43 Domains in Plasma Membrane Permeabilization Induced by Ischemia-Reperfusion, Journal of Membrane Biology, 10.1007/s00232-007-9043-y, 218:1-3, (49-63), Online publication date: 12-Nov-2007. Lisa F, Canton M, Menabò R, Kaludercic N and Bernardi P (2007) Mitochondria and cardioprotection, Heart Failure Reviews, 10.1007/s10741-007-9028-z, 12:3-4, (249-260), Online publication date: 19-Jul-2007. Faustino R, Stronger L, Richard M, Czubryt M, Ford D, Prociuk M, Dibrov E and Pierce G (2006) RanGAP-Mediated Nuclear Protein Import in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Is Augmented by Lysophosphatidylcholine, Molecular Pharmacology, 10.1124/mol.105.021667, 71:2, (438-445), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2007. Subashini R, Gnanapragasam A, Senthilkumar S, Yogeeta S and Devaki T (2007) Protective Efficacy of Nardostachys jatamansi (Rhizomes) on Mitochondrial Respiration and Lysosomal Hydrolases during Doxorubicin Induced Myocardial Injury in Rats, Journal of Health Science, 10.1248/jhs.53.67, 53:1, (67-76), . Hamilton J (2007) New insights into the roles of proteins and lipids in membrane transport of fatty acids, Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, 10.1016/j.plefa.2007.10.020, 77:5-6, (355-361), Online publication date: 1-Nov-2007. Huang F, Mehta D, Predescu S, Kim K and Lum H (2009) A Novel Lysophospholipid- and pH-Sensitive Receptor, GPR4, in Brain Endothelial Cells Regulates Monocyte Transmigration, Endothelium, 10.1080/10623320601177288, 14:1, (25-34), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2007. Michel A and Fonfria E (2009) Agonist potency at P2X 7 receptors is modulated by structurally diverse lipids , British Journal of Pharmacology, 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707417, 152:4, (523-537), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2007. Karthikeyan K, Sarala Bai B and Niranjali Devaraj S (2007) Efficacy of grape seed proanthocyanidins on serum and heart tissue lipids in rats subjected to isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury, Vascular Pharmacology, 10.1016/j.vph.2007.08.008, 47:5-6, (295-301), Online publication date: 1-Nov-2007. D'Souza K and Ashavaid T (2007) Caprine cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum: Effect of simulated ischemia on membrane structure and Ca2+-ATPase activity, Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry, 10.1007/BF02913320, 22:2, (84-89), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2007. Feldkamp T, Kribben A, Roeser N, Senter R and Weinberg J (2006) Accumulation of nonesterified fatty acids causes the sustained energetic deficit in kidney proximal tubules after hypoxia-reoxygenation, American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology, 10.1152/ajprenal.00305.2005, 290:2, (F465-F477), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2006. Igarashi N, Nozawa T, Fujii N, Suzuki T, Matsuki A, Nakadate T, Igawa A and Inoue H (2006) Influence of .BETA.-Adrenoceptor Blockade on the Myocardial Accumulation of Fatty Acid Tracer and Its Intracellular Metabolism in the Heart After Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury, Circulation Journal, 10.1253/circj.70.1509, 70:11, (1509-1514), . Qiao J, Huang F, Naikawadi R, Kim K, Said T and Lum H (2006) Lysophosphatidylcholine impairs endothelial barrier function through the G protein-coupled receptor GPR4, American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, 10.1152/ajplung.00508.2005, 291:1, (L91-L101), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2006. van Heeswijk J, Vianen G, van den Thillart G and Zaagsma J (2005) Beta-adrenergic control of plasma glucose and free fatty acid levels in the air-breathing African catfish Clarias gariepinus Burchell 1822 , Journal of Experimental Biology, 10.1242/jeb.01621, 208:12, (2217-2225), Online publication date: 15-Jun-2005. Lum H (2005) Chapter 3 The activated endothelial cell phenotype Perspectives on Lung Endothelial Barrier Function, 10.1016/S1569-2558(05)35003-X, (65-104), . Van Heeswijk J, Van Pelt J and Van den Thillart G (2005) Free fatty acid metabolism in the air-breathing African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) during asphyxia, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 10.1016/j.cbpb.2005.03.006, 141:1, (15-21), Online publication date: 1-May-2005. Huang F, Subbaiah P, Holian O, Zhang J, Johnson A, Gertzberg N and Lum H (2005) Lysophosphatidylcholine increases endothelial permeability: role of PKCα and RhoA cross talk, American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, 10.1152/ajplung.00003.2005, 289:2, (L176-L185), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2005. Broderick T, Poirier P and Gillis M (2005) Exercise training restores abnormal myocardial glucose utilization and cardiac function in diabetes, Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews, 10.1002/dmrr.479, 21:1, (44-50), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2005. Maoz D, Lee H, Deutsch J, Rapoport S and Bazinet R (2005) Immediate no-flow ischemia decreases rat heart nonesterified fatty acid and increases acyl-CoA species concentrations, Lipids, 10.1007/s11745-005-1479-9, 40:11, (1149-1154), Online publication date: 1-Nov-2005. Bacaner M, Brietenbucher J and LaBree J (2004) Prevention of Ventricular Fibrillation, Acute Myocardial Infarction (Myocardial Necrosis), Heart Failure, and Mortality by Bretylium, American Journal of Therapeutics, 10.1097/01.mjt.0000126444.24163.81, 11:5, (366-411), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2004. Lowenthal D and Vincent K (2004) Clinical physiology and pharmacology conference: A nonpharmacological, evidence based medical approach using exercise method to lower and maintain blood pressure control in the elderly, International Urology and Nephrology, 10.1007/s11255-004-1241-2, 36:3, (473-476), . Hatch G (2004) Cell biology of cardiac mitochondrial phospholipids, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 10.1139/o03-074, 82:1, (99-112), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2004. Hatch G and Choy P (2003) Phospholipid biosynthesis Lipobiology, 10.1016/S1569-2558(03)33018-8, (357-385), . Watts J (2003) Bench to Bedside: The Role of Mitochondrial Medicine in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Cellular Injury, Academic Emergency Medicine, 10.1197/S1069-6563(03)00319-1, 10:9, (985-997), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2003. Goel D, Ford D and Pierce G (2003) Lysophospholipids do not directly modulate NA+-H+ exchange Biochemistry of Hypertrophy and Heart Failure, 10.1007/978-1-4419-9238-3_1, (3-7), . Dalfó E, Hernandez M, Lizcano J, Tipton K and Unzeta M (2003) Activation of human lung semicarbazide sensitive amine oxidase by a low molecular weight component present in human plasma, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease, 10.1016/S0925-4439(03)00094-2, 1638:3, (278-286), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2003. Gusev E and Skvortsova V (2003) The Glutamate—Calcium Cascade Brain Ischemia, 10.1007/978-1-4419-9248-2_5, (39-93), . Song Y and Ochi R (2002) Hyperpolarization and lysophosphatidylcholine induce inward currents and ethidium fluorescence in rabbit ventricular myocytes, The Journal of Physiology, 10.1113/jphysiol.2002.031039, 545:2, (463-473), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2002. Nishikawa S, Ito K, Takada H, Tsubakimoto Y, Yuba T, Adachi Y, Kato S, Azuma A, Sugihara H and Nakagawa M (2002) Increasing myocardial123I-BMIPP uptake in non-ischemic area in a patient with acute myocardial ischemia, Annals of Nuclear Medicine, 10.1007/BF02988636, 16:8, (573-576), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2002. Hong Y, Kim H and Yoon H (2002) Serum Lipid and Fatty Acid Profiles in Adriamycin-Treated Rats after Administration of L-Carnitine, Pediatric Research, 10.1203/00006450-200202000-00020, 51:2, (249-255), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2002. McMillin J and Dowhan W (2002) Cardiolipin and apoptosis, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, 10.1016/S1388-1981(02)00329-3, 1585:2-3, (97-107), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2002. Vianen G, Obels P, van den Thillart G and Zaagsma J (2002) β-Adrenoceptors mediate inhibition of lipolysis in adipocytes of tilapia ( Oreochromis mossambicus ) , American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, 10.1152/ajpendo.00187.2001, 282:2, (E318-E325), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2002. Federici A, Ciccone M, Cicinelli E, Lombardi M, Pitzalis M, Galantino P and Pinto V (2016) Effects of Estrogen Therapy on Arterial Resistance and Pulsatility in Postmenopausal Women, Angiology, 10.1177/000331970105200103, 52:1, (15-23), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2001. Ito K, Sugihara H, Kawasaki T, Katoh S, Azuma A and Nakagawa M (2001) Dynamic changes in cardiac fatty acid metabolism in the stunned human myocardium, Annals of Nuclear Medicine, 10.1007/BF02988241, 15:4, (343-350), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2001. LOPASCHUK G (2001) Lipids Released during Ischemia and Arrhythmogenesis Heart Physiology and Pathophysiology, 10.1016/B978-012656975-9/50064-X, (1125-1135), . Kiss B, Fuchsjäger G, Polak K, Findl O, Eichler H and Schmetterer L (2009) Age dependence of perimacular white blood cell flux during isometric exercise, Current Eye Research, 10.1076/ceyr.21.4.757.5549, 21:4, (757-762), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2000. Zen K, Ito K, Hikosaka T, Adachi Y, Yoneyama S, Katoh S, Azuma A, Sugihara H and Nakagawa M (2000) Uncommon and dynamic changes detected by123I-15-(p-iodophenyl)-3-R,S-methylpentadecanoic acid myocardial single photon emission computed tomography in a stunned myocardium induced by coronary microvascular spasm, Annals of Nuclear Medicine, 10.1007/BF02988215, 14:4, Online publication date: 1-Aug-2000. Guertl B, Noehammer C and Hoefler G (2001) Metabolic cardiomyopathies, International Journal of Experimental Pathology, 10.1046/j.1365-2613.2000.00186.x, 81:6, (349-372) Williams S, Hsu F and Ford D (2000) Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analyses of nuclear membrane phospholipid loss after reperfusion of ischemic myocardium, Journal of Lipid Research, 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)31991-X, 41:10, (1585-1595), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2000. Sparagna G and Hickson-Bick D (1999) Cardiac Fatty Acid Metabolism and the Induction of Apoptosis, The American Journal of the Medical Sciences, 10.1097/00000441-199907000-00003, 318:1, (15), Online publication date: 1-Jul-1999. Kaiser E (2008) Phospholipase A 2 : Its Usefulness in Laboratory Diagnostics , Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, 10.1080/10408369991239187, 36:2, (65-163), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1999. Sparagna G and Hickson-Bick D (1999) Cardiac Fatty Acid Metabolism and the Induction of Apoptosis, The American Journal of the Medical Sciences, 10.1016/S0002-9629(15)40567-1, 318:1, (15-21), Online publication date: 1-Jul-1999. ABDEL-ALEEM S, ST. LOUIS J, HUGHES G and LOWE J (1999) Metabolic Changes in the Normal and Hypoxic Neonatal Myocardium, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb09240.x, 874:1 HEART IN STRE, (254-261), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1999. Sakuma S, Fujimoto Y, Sawada T, Saeki K, Akimoto M and Fujita T (1999) Existence of acyl-CoA hydrolase-mediated pathway supplying arachidonic acid for prostaglandin synthesis in microsomes from rabbit kidney medulla, Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators, 10.1016/S0090-6980(98)00072-0, 57:2-3, (63-72), Online publication date: 1-May-1999. Mohan P and Bloom S (1999) Lipolysis Is an Important Determinant of Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Necrosis, Cardiovascular Pathology, 10.1016/S1054-8807(99)00017-4, 8:5, (255-261), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1999. Rudzite V, Jurika E and Jirgensons J (1999) Changes in Membrane Fluidity Induced by Tryptophan and its Metabolites Tryptophan, Serotonin, and Melatonin, 10.1007/978-1-4615-4709-9_46, (353-367), . Kawasaki T, Ito K, Okano A, Nagata K, Okamoto A, Yoneyama S and Katoh S (1999) A Dynamic Change by 123I-15-(p-Iodophenyl)-3-R,S-Methylpentadecanoic Acid Myocardial Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography in a 55-Year-Old Woman, Japanese Circulation Journal, 10.1253/jcj.63.732, 63:9, (732-736), . Fitzl G, Martin R, Dettmer D, Hermsdorf V, Drews H and Welt K (1999) Protective effects of Gingko biloba extract EGb 761 on myocardium of experimentally diabetic rats, Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology, 10.1016/S0940-2993(99)80093-1, 51:3, (189-198), Online publication date: 1-May-1999. Bringmann A, Skatchkov S, Biedermann B, Faude F and Reichenbach A (1998) Alterations of potassium channel activity in retinal Müller glial cells induced by arachidonic acid, Neuroscience, 10.1016/S0306-4522(98)00079-7, 86:4, (1291-1306), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1998. Ferrari R, Pepi P, Ferrari F, Nesta F, Benigno M and Visioli O (1998) Metabolic derangement in ischemic heart disease and its therapeutic control, The American Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/S0002-9149(98)00531-1, 82:5, (2K-13K), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1998. Asaka N, Muranaka Y, Kirimoto T and Miyake H (1998) Cardioprotective profile of MET-88, an inhibitor of carnitine synthesis, and insulin during hypoxia in isolated perfused rat hearts, Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology, 10.1111/j.1472-8206.1998.tb00936.x, 12:2, (158-163), Online publication date: 4-Mar-1998. Katz A (1998) Selectivity and Toxicity of Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Molecular Interactions with Ion Channels, The American Journal of Medicine, 10.1016/S0002-9343(97)00388-4, 104:2, (179-195), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1998. Vick G and Fisher D (1998) Cardiac Metabolism in the Fetus and Neonate Principles of Perinatal—Neonatal Metabolism, 10.1007/978-1-4612-1642-1_27, (551-565), . Chen M, Xiao C, Hashizume H and Abiko Y (1998) Phospholipase A 2 is not responsible for lysophosphatidylcholine-induced damage in cardiomyocytes , American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 10.1152/ajpheart.1998.275.5.H1782, 275:5, (H1782-H1787), Online publication date: 1-Nov-1998. Muusze B, Marcon J, van den Thillart G and Almeida-Val V (1998) Hypoxia tolerance of Amazon fish, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 10.1016/S1095-6433(98)10023-5, 120:1, (151-156), Online publication date: 1-May-1998. Chen M, Xiao C, Hashizume H and Abiko Y (1997) Differential effects of Ca2+ channel blockers on Ca2+ overload induced by lysophosphatidylcholine in cardiomyocytes, European Journal of Pharmacology, 10.1016/S0014-2999(97)01138-2, 333:2-3, (261-268), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1997. Netticadan T, Ashavaid T and Nair K (1997) Characterisation of the canine cardiac sarcolemma in experimental myocardial ischemia, Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry, 10.1007/BF02867955, 12:1, (49-54), Online publication date: 1-Dec-1997. Arsenian M (1997) Carnitine and its derivatives in cardiovascular disease, Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 10.1016/S0033-0620(97)80037-0, 40:3, (265-286), Online publication date: 1-Nov-1997. Nasa Y, Sakamoto Y, Sanbe A, Sasaki H, Yamaguchi F and Takeo S (1997) Changes in fatty acid compositions of myocardial lipids in rats with heart failure following myocardial infarction The Cellular Basis of Cardiovascular Function in Health and Disease, 10.1007/978-1-4615-5765-4_23, (179-189), . Wang H, Harrison-Shostak D, Wang X, Nieminen A, Lemasters J and Herman B (1997) Role of phospholipid catabolism in hypoxic and ischemic injury , 10.1016/S1874-5245(97)80009-2, (167-194), . Choy P, Tran K, Hatch G and Kroeger E (1997) Phospholipid metabolism in the mammalian heart, Progress in Lipid Research, 10.1016/S0163-7827(97)00005-2, 36:2-3, (85-101), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1997. Belke D and Lopaschuk G (1997) Fatty acid metabolism in the reperfused ischemic heart , 10.1016/S1874-5245(97)80004-3, (29-46), . Patel M, Kleinfeld A, Richeiri G, Ruben S, Hiatt M and Hegyi T (1997) Serum levels of unbound free fatty acids. I: Normative data in term newborn infants., Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 10.1080/07315724.1997.10718653, 16:1, (81-84), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1997. Di Lisa F, Barbato R, Menabò R and Siliprandi N (1997) Carnitine and Mitochondrial Dysfunction Carnitine Today, 10.1007/978-1-4615-6005-0_4, (95-104), . Kuwabara M, Takenaka H, Maruyama H, Onitsuka T and Hamada M (1997) EFFECT OF PROLONGED HYPOTHERMIC ISCHEMIA AND REPERFUSION ON OXYGEN CONSUMPTION AND TOTAL MECHANICAL ENERGY IN RAT MYOCARDIUM, Transplantation, 10.1097/00007890-199708270-00005, 64:4, (577-583), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1997. Buja L and Miller J (1997) Relationship of lipid alterations and impaired calcium homeostasis during myocardial ischemia , 10.1016/S1874-5245(97)80003-1, (1-28), . Staub F, Winkler A, Haberstok J, Plesnila N, Peters J, Chang R, Kempski O and Baethmann A (1996) Swelling, Intracellular Acidosis, and Damage of Glial Cells Mechanisms of Secondary Brain Damage in Cerebral Ischemia and Trauma, 10.1007/978-3-7091-9465-2_10, (56-62), . Glatz J and van der Vusse G (1996) Cellular fatty acid-binding proteins: Their function and physiological significance, Progress in Lipid Research, 10.1016/S0163-7827(96)00006-9, 35:3, (243-282), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1996. Lochner A, Pentz A, Williams K, Tromp E and Harper I (1996) Substrate effects on sarcolemmal permeability in the normoxic and hypoxic perfused rat heart, Basic Research in Cardiology, 10.1007/BF00788867, 91:1, (64-78), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1996. Dhalla N, Golfman L, Elimban V and Takeda N (1996) Remodelling of Subcellular Organelles During the Development of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy The Heart in Diabetes, 10.1007/978-1-4613-1269-7_6, (100-142), . Chen M, Hashizume H, Xiao C, Hara A and Abiko Y (1996) Lysophosphatidylcholine induces Ca2+-independent cellular injury attenuated by d-propranolol in rat cardiomyocytes, Life Sciences, 10.1016/S0024-3205(96)00594-2, 60:3, (PL57-PL62), Online publication date: 1-Dec-1996. Raaij M, Thillart G, Vianen G, Pit D, Balm P and Steffens A (1996) Substrate mobilization and hormonal changes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, L.) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio, L.) during deep hypoxia and subsequent recovery, Journal Of Comparative Physiology B, 10.1007/BF02337889, 166:7, (443-452), Online publication date: 1-Nov-1996. Kleinfeld A, Prothro D, Brown D, Davis R, Richieri G and DeMaria A (1996) Increases in serum unbound free fatty acid levels following coronary angioplasty, The American Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/S0002-9149(96)00651-0, 78:12, (1350-1354