Inside the Black Box: Raising Standards through Classroom Assessment

Name: Work Video:
Duration: 3 min 30 s
Description: Formative assessment is an essential component of classroom work and can raise student achievement.
Paul Black; Dylan Wiliam
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2131442425', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1177/003172171009200119', 'title': 'Inside the Black Box: Raising Standards through Classroom Assessment', 'display_name': 'Inside the Black Box: Raising Standards through Classroom Assessment', 'publication_year': 2010, 'publication_date': '2010-09-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2131442425', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1177/003172171009200119', 'mag': '2131442425'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1177/003172171009200119', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S156752806', 'display_name': 'Phi Delta Kappan', 'issn_l': '0031-7217', 'issn': ['0031-7217', '1940-6487'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320017', 'host_organization_name': 'SAGE Publishing', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320017'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['SAGE Publishing'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'http://weaeducation.typepad.co.uk/files/blackbox.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5010095960', 'display_name': 'Paul Black', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7150-4439'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2801619622', 'display_name': 'Public and Science', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/015jn0h55', 'country_code': 'SE', 'type': 'nonprofit', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2801619622']}], 'countries': ['SE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Paul Black', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['School of Education, Communication & Society'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Education, Communication & Society', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2801619622']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5087151655', 'display_name': 'Dylan Wiliam', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0710-1133'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I45129253', 'display_name': 'University College London', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02jx3x895', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I124357947', 'https://openalex.org/I45129253']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I124357947', 'display_name': 'University of London', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04cw6st05', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I124357947']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Dylan Wiliam', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['London University'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'London University', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I45129253', 'https://openalex.org/I124357947']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 993.614, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 4010, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999985, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '92', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '81', 'last_page': '90'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10959', 'display_name': 'Student Assessment and Feedback', 'score': 0.9994, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3304', 'display_name': 'Education'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10959', 'display_name': 'Student Assessment and Feedback', 'score': 0.9994, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3304', 'display_name': 'Education'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10533', 'display_name': 'Teaching and Learning Programming', 'score': 0.977, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1706', 'display_name': 'Computer Science Applications'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12500', 'display_name': 'Reflective Practices in Education', 'score': 0.9715, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3304', 'display_name': 'Education'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/raising', 'display_name': 'Raising (metalworking)', 'score': 0.78762925}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-standards', 'display_name': 'Academic standards', 'score': 0.5218205}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/component', 'display_name': 'Component (thermodynamics)', 'score': 0.5206244}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/student-achievement', 'display_name': 'Student Achievement', 'score': 0.45619708}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/standards-based-assessment', 'display_name': 'Standards-based assessment', 'score': 0.42945555}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C42525527', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1209955', 'display_name': 'Formative assessment', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8172219}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780589192', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7285140', 'display_name': 'Raising (metalworking)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.78762925}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C145420912', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077', 'display_name': 'Mathematics education', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5871217}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136287216', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16154661', 'display_name': 'Academic standards', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5218205}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C168167062', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970', 'display_name': 'Component (thermodynamics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5206244}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5013945}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18762648', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213', 'display_name': 'Work (physics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.49707726}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781206393', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2748419', 'display_name': 'Academic achievement', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47331703}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2986206625', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18185', 'display_name': 'Student achievement', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.45619708}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C73126755', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7598408', 'display_name': 'Standards-based assessment', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.42945555}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C203151758', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3244907', 'display_name': 'Standardized test', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41875425}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C19417346', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922', 'display_name': 'Pedagogy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.39681962}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120912362', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822', 'display_name': 'Higher education', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.19973081}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.19171426}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.1294575}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C97355855', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473', 'display_name': 'Thermodynamics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C78519656', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333', 'display_name': 'Mechanical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1177/003172171009200119', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S156752806', 'display_name': 'Phi Delta Kappan', 'issn_l': '0031-7217', 'issn': ['0031-7217', '1940-6487'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320017', 'host_organization_name': 'SAGE Publishing', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320017'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['SAGE Publishing'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.559.4181', 'pdf_url': 'http://weaeducation.typepad.co.uk/files/blackbox.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400349', 'display_name': 'CiteSeer X (The Pennsylvania State University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I130769515', 'host_organization_name': 'Pennsylvania State University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I130769515'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Pennsylvania State University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.559.4181', 'pdf_url': 'http://weaeducation.typepad.co.uk/files/blackbox.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400349', 'display_name': 'CiteSeer X (The Pennsylvania State University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I130769515', 'host_organization_name': 'Pennsylvania State University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I130769515'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Pennsylvania State University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Quality education', 'score': 0.61, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 20, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W104800750', 'https://openalex.org/W1536573182', 'https://openalex.org/W1548183903', 'https://openalex.org/W1575199180', 'https://openalex.org/W1598877982', 'https://openalex.org/W1955161922', 'https://openalex.org/W1964632534', 'https://openalex.org/W1967555382', 'https://openalex.org/W1992655271', 'https://openalex.org/W2111706656', 'https://openalex.org/W2120418951', 'https://openalex.org/W2141734699', 'https://openalex.org/W2154041216', 'https://openalex.org/W2500601876', 'https://openalex.org/W2970110997', 'https://openalex.org/W321480866', 'https://openalex.org/W39962149', 'https://openalex.org/W593241141', 'https://openalex.org/W604857209', 'https://openalex.org/W8295723'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2966337699', 'https://openalex.org/W2637726946', 'https://openalex.org/W2518684516', 'https://openalex.org/W2183830781', 'https://openalex.org/W2143683138', 'https://openalex.org/W2134442673', 'https://openalex.org/W2061073447', 'https://openalex.org/W1994537274', 'https://openalex.org/W182551057', 'https://openalex.org/W115108308'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Formative': [0], 'assessment': [1], 'is': [2], 'an': [3], 'essential': [4], 'component': [5], 'of': [6], 'classroom': [7], 'work': [8], 'and': [9], 'can': [10], 'raise': [11], 'student': [12], 'achievement.': [13]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2131442425', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 167}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 170}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 129}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 216}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 197}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 173}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 202}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 177}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 223}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 272}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 249}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 271}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 233}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-07T17:39:26.592277', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}
Publication Information

Basic Information

Access and Citation

AI Researcher Chatbot

Primary Location

Authors

Topics

Keywords

Related Works
