Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2116283981', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/rode.12145', 'title': 'Economic Growth and Wage Stagnation in Peru: 1998–2012', 'display_name': 'Economic Growth and Wage Stagnation in Peru: 1998–2012', 'publication_year': 2015, 'publication_date': '2015-04-17', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2116283981', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/rode.12145', 'mag': '2116283981'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/rode.12145', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S95496512', 'display_name': 'Review of Development Economics', 'issn_l': '1363-6669', 'issn': ['1363-6669', '1467-9361'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'http://perueconomics.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/WP-5.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5044128154', 'display_name': 'Peter Paz', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Peter Paz', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Banco Central de Reserva del Perú'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Banco Central de Reserva del Perú', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5025460835', 'display_name': 'Carlos Urrutia', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8083-4782'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I187481652', 'display_name': 'Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/029md1766', 'country_code': 'MX', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I187481652']}], 'countries': ['MX'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Carlos Urrutia', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Centro de Investigación Económica Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México (ITAM) Av. Camino Santa Teresa No. 930, Colonia Héroes de Padierna México DF 10700 Mexico'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Centro de Investigación Económica Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México (ITAM) Av. Camino Santa Teresa No. 930, Colonia Héroes de Padierna México DF 10700 Mexico', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I187481652']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3040, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3040, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.787, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 8, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.858225, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 84, 'max': 85}, 'biblio': {'volume': '19', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '328', 'last_page': '345'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10208', 'display_name': 'Labor market dynamics and wage inequality', 'score': 0.988, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10208', 'display_name': 'Labor market dynamics and wage inequality', 'score': 0.988, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11959', 'display_name': 'Employment and Welfare Studies', 'score': 0.9853, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3600', 'display_name': 'General Health Professions'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/36', 'display_name': 'Health Professions'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11770', 'display_name': 'Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth', 'score': 0.9843, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/wage-growth', 'display_name': 'Wage growth', 'score': 0.66111463}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/wage-inequality', 'display_name': 'Wage Inequality', 'score': 0.45114207}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/real-wages', 'display_name': 'Real wages', 'score': 0.4315002}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/earnings-growth', 'display_name': 'Earnings growth', 'score': 0.41147596}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.8543501}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781426361', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5326940', 'display_name': 'Earnings', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7437864}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776943663', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165687', 'display_name': 'Human capital', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7251874}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777388388', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6821213', 'display_name': 'Wage', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.72141075}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2993530730', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65042393', 'display_name': 'Wage growth', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.66111463}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C145236788', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161', 'display_name': 'Labour economics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.6107113}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C204983608', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958', 'display_name': 'Productivity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5863422}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C130944947', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q571044', 'display_name': 'Wage share', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.5234558}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C6968784', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193835', 'display_name': 'Efficiency wage', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.477908}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2994086107', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5055020', 'display_name': 'Wage inequality', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.45114207}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C45555294', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351', 'display_name': 'Inequality', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.43332168}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777885895', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1932544', 'display_name': 'Real wages', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4315002}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778392974', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5326945', 'display_name': 'Earnings growth', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.41147596}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C4249254', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431', 'display_name': 'Demographic economics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.41109726}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C139719470', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680', 'display_name': 'Macroeconomics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.08325571}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134306372', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754', 'display_name': 'Mathematical analysis', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121955636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214', 'display_name': 'Accounting', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C50522688', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833', 'display_name': 'Economic growth', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/rode.12145', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S95496512', 'display_name': 'Review of Development Economics', 'issn_l': '1363-6669', 'issn': ['1363-6669', '1467-9361'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://perueconomics.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/WP-5.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'http://perueconomics.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/WP-5.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401271', 'display_name': 'RePEc: Research Papers in Economics', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I77793887', 'host_organization_name': 'Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I77793887'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://ftp.itam.mx/pub/academico/inves/urrutia/14-04.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'http://ftp.itam.mx/pub/academico/inves/urrutia/14-04.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401271', 'display_name': 'RePEc: Research Papers in Economics', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I77793887', 'host_organization_name': 'Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I77793887'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://perueconomics.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/WP-5.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'http://perueconomics.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/WP-5.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401271', 'display_name': 'RePEc: Research Papers in Economics', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I77793887', 'host_organization_name': 'Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I77793887'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8', 'display_name': 'Decent work and economic growth', 'score': 0.78}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 23, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1502001434', 'https://openalex.org/W1520115685', 'https://openalex.org/W1528159202', 'https://openalex.org/W1579447545', 'https://openalex.org/W1591483638', 'https://openalex.org/W1603346807', 'https://openalex.org/W1846229666', 'https://openalex.org/W1979067658', 'https://openalex.org/W1999381544', 'https://openalex.org/W204743002', 'https://openalex.org/W2102292466', 'https://openalex.org/W2127954897', 'https://openalex.org/W2153281023', 'https://openalex.org/W2156851864', 'https://openalex.org/W2891831473', 'https://openalex.org/W3121757295', 'https://openalex.org/W3121961582', 'https://openalex.org/W3122812606', 'https://openalex.org/W3124944431', 'https://openalex.org/W3125667689', 'https://openalex.org/W4230054847', 'https://openalex.org/W4230219306', 'https://openalex.org/W4300976405'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W621130728', 'https://openalex.org/W3144215297', 'https://openalex.org/W3123678552', 'https://openalex.org/W3122948869', 'https://openalex.org/W3041509590', 'https://openalex.org/W3023894433', 'https://openalex.org/W2307801509', 'https://openalex.org/W2162619837', 'https://openalex.org/W2097660706', 'https://openalex.org/W1433409902'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract': [0], 'From': [1], '1998': [2], 'to': [3, 32, 85], '2012,': [4], 'the': [5, 13, 16, 59, 62, 66, 79, 94, 99, 110, 134, 137, 140, 151, 154, 169, 172, 180, 194], 'P': [6], 'eruvian': [7], 'economy': [8], 'exhibited': [9], 'rapid': [10], 'growth.': [11], 'Moreover,': [12], 'composition': [14, 138], 'of': [15, 22, 45, 61, 96, 112, 125, 139, 145, 153, 157, 162, 182], 'labor': [17, 115, 141, 195], 'force': [18, 142], 'improved': [19], 'in': [20, 39, 56, 78, 98, 136, 143, 171], 'terms': [21, 144], 'education': [23, 46], 'and': [24, 47, 50, 84, 147, 191, 197], 'experience,': [25, 90], 'two': [26, 105], 'variables': [27], 'that': [28, 75], 'are': [29, 130], 'typically': [30], 'associated': [31], 'higher': [33, 43], 'human': [34, 163], 'capital.': [35], 'The': [36], 'average': [37, 67, 100, 114], 'worker': [38], '2012': [40], 'had': [41], 'a': [42, 51, 76, 86], 'level': [44], 'was': [48, 70], 'one': [49], 'half': [52], 'years': [53], 'older': [54], 'than': [55], '1998,': [57], 'reflecting': [58], 'impact': [60], 'demographic': [63], 'transition.': [64], 'However,': [65], 'real': [68, 101], 'wage': [69, 80, 173, 192], 'roughly': [71], 'constant.': [72], 'We': [73, 149], 'show': [74], 'decline': [77, 170], 'premium': [81, 174], 'for': [82, 89, 93, 132, 168, 175, 185], 'education,': [83], 'minor': [87], 'extent': [88], 'is': [91], 'responsible': [92], 'lack': [95], 'growth': [97], 'wage.': [102], 'Had': [103], 'these': [104, 183], 'premia': [106], 'remained': [107], 'constant': [108], 'throughout': [109], 'period': [111], 'analysis,': [113], 'earnings': [116, 190], 'would': [117], 'have': [118], 'increased': [119], 'by': [120, 133], 'about': [121], '2.6%': [122], 'per': [123], 'year,': [124], 'which': [126], '0.7': [127], 'percentage': [128], 'points': [129], 'accounted': [131], 'changes': [135], 'age': [146], 'education.': [148, 176], 'explore': [150], 'role': [152], 'relative': [155], 'supply': [156], 'workers': [158], 'with': [159], 'different': [160], 'levels': [161], 'capital': [164], 'as': [165, 189], 'an': [166], 'explanation': [167], 'Finally,': [177], 'we': [178], 'analyze': [179], 'implications': [181], 'findings': [184], 'some': [186], 'macroeconomic': [187], 'variables,': [188], 'inequality,': [193], 'share': [196], 'total': [198], 'factor': [199], 'productivity.': [200]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2116283981', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-07T15:59:08.935440', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}