Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2101450465', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.28.1265', 'title': 'Stellar collapse without singularities?', 'display_name': 'Stellar collapse without singularities?', 'publication_year': 1983, 'publication_date': '1983-09-15', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2101450465', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.28.1265', 'mag': '2101450465'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.28.1265', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210190737', 'display_name': 'Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields', 'issn_l': '0556-2821', 'issn': ['0556-2821', '1089-4918', '1538-4500'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320261', 'host_organization_name': 'American Physical Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320261'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Physical Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5031462278', 'display_name': 'Thomas A. Roman', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I70983195', 'display_name': 'Syracuse University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/025r5qe02', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I70983195']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I162281398', 'display_name': 'University of Hartford', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/034gcgd08', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I162281398']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Thomas A. Roman', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13210 and Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Hartford, West Hartford, Connecticut 06117'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13210 and Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Hartford, West Hartford, Connecticut 06117', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I70983195', 'https://openalex.org/I162281398']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5038614211', 'display_name': 'Peter G. Bergmann', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0507-5530'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I57206974', 'display_name': 'New York University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0190ak572', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I57206974']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Peter G. Bergmann', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13210 and Department of Physics, New York University, New York, New York 10003'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13210 and Department of Physics, New York University, New York, New York 10003', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I57206974']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.626, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 110, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.935926, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 97, 'max': 98}, 'biblio': {'volume': '28', 'issue': '6', 'first_page': '1265', 'last_page': '1277'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10095', 'display_name': 'Cosmology and Gravitation Theories', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3103', 'display_name': 'Astronomy and Astrophysics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10095', 'display_name': 'Cosmology and Gravitation Theories', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3103', 'display_name': 'Astronomy and Astrophysics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10025', 'display_name': 'Black Holes and Theoretical Physics', 'score': 0.9989, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3106', 'display_name': 'Nuclear and High Energy Physics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11960', 'display_name': 'Relativity and Gravitational Theory', 'score': 0.9876, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3103', 'display_name': 'Astronomy and Astrophysics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-condition', 'display_name': 'Energy condition', 'score': 0.79579777}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/negative-energy', 'display_name': 'Negative energy', 'score': 0.47065133}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/naked-singularity', 'display_name': 'Naked singularity', 'score': 0.43302476}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C12843', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201721', 'display_name': 'Gravitational singularity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8476356}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C149643647', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q986455', 'display_name': 'Energy condition', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.79579777}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.77777565}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C16171025', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863349', 'display_name': 'Singularity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6851709}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C155281189', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3518150', 'display_name': 'Tensor (intrinsic definition)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.541312}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C74650414', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397', 'display_name': 'Classical mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.48235458}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779428274', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q662636', 'display_name': 'Negative energy', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47065133}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776029896', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935810', 'display_name': 'Relaxation (psychology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45633668}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C8105449', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285949', 'display_name': 'Naked singularity', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.43302476}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33332235', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362', 'display_name': 'Theoretical physics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.38559562}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.19417909}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134306372', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754', 'display_name': 'Mathematical analysis', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.138857}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2524010', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087', 'display_name': 'Geometry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.13352177}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.09816742}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C147452769', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11452', 'display_name': 'General relativity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.06579405}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C77805123', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272', 'display_name': 'Social psychology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.28.1265', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210190737', 'display_name': 'Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields', 'issn_l': '0556-2821', 'issn': ['0556-2821', '1089-4918', '1538-4500'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320261', 'host_organization_name': 'American Physical Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320261'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Physical Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Affordable and clean energy', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7', 'score': 0.45}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 13, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1966834232', 'https://openalex.org/W1966845790', 'https://openalex.org/W2023781804', 'https://openalex.org/W2029403139', 'https://openalex.org/W2052045615', 'https://openalex.org/W2055971419', 'https://openalex.org/W2060745302', 'https://openalex.org/W2090386790', 'https://openalex.org/W2093495557', 'https://openalex.org/W2160245112', 'https://openalex.org/W2591541672', 'https://openalex.org/W2989803163', 'https://openalex.org/W4247249861'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4391124717', 'https://openalex.org/W4302011306', 'https://openalex.org/W2963052782', 'https://openalex.org/W2726339783', 'https://openalex.org/W2095039895', 'https://openalex.org/W2073674267', 'https://openalex.org/W2050682034', 'https://openalex.org/W2022448890', 'https://openalex.org/W2022135995', 'https://openalex.org/W1668363177'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'For': [0], 'the': [1, 10, 24, 45, 53, 57, 63, 87, 97, 112, 122], 'singularity': [2], 'theorems': [3], 'of': [4, 13, 26, 32, 38, 44, 52, 65, 124], 'Hawking': [5], 'and': [6, 62, 67], 'Penrose': [7], 'to': [8, 41, 121], 'hold,': [9], 'stress-energy': [11], 'tensor': [12], 'matter': [14, 66, 104], 'must': [15, 59, 90], 'satisfy': [16], 'certain': [17], 'restrictions.': [18], 'A': [19], 'model': [20, 54], 'is': [21, 35, 99], 'developed': [22], 'representing': [23], 'interior': [25], 'a': [27, 42, 94, 118], 'collapsing,': [28], 'spherically': [29, 80], 'symmetric': [30, 81], 'cloud': [31], 'matter,': [33], 'which': [34, 56, 69, 106], 'everywhere': [36], 'free': [37], 'singularities,': [39], 'due': [40], 'relaxation': [43], 'so-called': [46], '"weak': [47], 'energy': [48, 68, 88, 113], 'condition."': [49], 'The': [50, 73], 'regions': [51], 'in': [55, 79, 93], 'condition': [58, 89], 'be': [60, 91, 117], 'violated,': [61], 'properties': [64], 'result,': [70], 'are': [71, 75], 'determined.': [72], 'indications': [74], 'that,': [76], 'at': [77], 'least': [78], 'cases': [82], 'involving': [83], 'very': [84], 'large': [85], 'masses,': [86], 'violated': [92], 'region': [95], 'where': [96], 'density': [98], 'no': [100], 'larger': [101], 'than': [102], 'normal': [103], 'densities,': [105], 'seems': [107], 'physically': [108], 'implausible.': [109], 'Hence': [110], 'suspending': [111], 'conditions': [114], 'may': [115], 'not': [116], 'reasonable': [119], 'approach': [120], 'avoidance': [123], 'singularities.': [125]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2101450465', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 12}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-08T05:57:00.116654', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}