Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2094704247', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4522(88)90249-7', 'title': "Immunocytochemical studies on the basal ganglia and substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease and Huntington's chorea", 'display_name': "Immunocytochemical studies on the basal ganglia and substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease and Huntington's chorea", 'publication_year': 1988, 'publication_date': '1988-05-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2094704247', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4522(88)90249-7', 'mag': '2094704247', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2456487'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4522(88)90249-7', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S30122339', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience', 'issn_l': '0306-4522', 'issn': ['0306-4522', '1873-7544'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5052741677', 'display_name': 'Catherine Waters', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0981-4135'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I241749', 'display_name': 'University of Cambridge', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/013meh722', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I241749']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'C.M. Waters', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['*MRC Molecular Neurobiology Unit, University of Cambridge Medical School, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QH, U.K.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': '*MRC Molecular Neurobiology Unit, University of Cambridge Medical School, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QH, U.K.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I241749']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5022481694', 'display_name': 'Robert C. Peck', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I45129253', 'display_name': 'University College London', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02jx3x895', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I124357947', 'https://openalex.org/I45129253']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210151618', 'display_name': 'National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/048b34d51', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1340918713', 'https://openalex.org/I4210151618']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'R. Peck', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ["National Hospital for Nervous Diseases, Queen's Square, London WC1N 3BG U.K."], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': "National Hospital for Nervous Diseases, Queen's Square, London WC1N 3BG U.K.", 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I45129253', 'https://openalex.org/I4210151618']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5032450718', 'display_name': 'Martin N. Rossor', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8215-3120'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I241749', 'display_name': 'University of Cambridge', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/013meh722', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I241749']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'M. Rossor', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['*MRC Molecular Neurobiology Unit, University of Cambridge Medical School, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QH, U.K.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': '*MRC Molecular Neurobiology Unit, University of Cambridge Medical School, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QH, U.K.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I241749']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5032606916', 'display_name': 'Gavin P. Reynolds', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9026-7726'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210137227', 'display_name': "Queen's Medical Centre", 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03ap6wx93', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1334287468', 'https://openalex.org/I4210137227']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I142263535', 'display_name': 'University of Nottingham', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01ee9ar58', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I142263535']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'G.P. Reynolds', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ["Department of Pathology, University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K."], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': "Department of Pathology, University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K.", 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210137227', 'https://openalex.org/I142263535']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5040658520', 'display_name': 'Stephen P. Hunt', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9453-5505'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I241749', 'display_name': 'University of Cambridge', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/013meh722', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I241749']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'S.P. Hunt', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['*MRC Molecular Neurobiology Unit, University of Cambridge Medical School, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QH, U.K.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': '*MRC Molecular Neurobiology Unit, University of Cambridge Medical School, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QH, U.K.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I241749']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 5, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3000, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3000, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 6.496, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 123, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.977099, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 97, 'max': 98}, 'biblio': {'volume': '25', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '419', 'last_page': '438'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10919', 'display_name': 'Neurological disorders and treatments', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2728', 'display_name': 'Neurology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10919', 'display_name': 'Neurological disorders and treatments', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2728', 'display_name': 'Neurology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10949', 'display_name': 'Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2804', 'display_name': 'Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10077', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research', 'score': 0.9993, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2804', 'display_name': 'Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/pars-compacta', 'display_name': 'Pars compacta', 'score': 0.68789315}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/putamen', 'display_name': 'Putamen', 'score': 0.66673565}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/pars-reticulata', 'display_name': 'Pars reticulata', 'score': 0.48737985}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/tegmentum', 'display_name': 'Tegmentum', 'score': 0.4405682}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/dynorphin', 'display_name': 'Dynorphin', 'score': 0.4280641}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780938664', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753278', 'display_name': 'Substantia nigra', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.9706179}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776773494', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3366041', 'display_name': 'Pars compacta', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.68789315}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779714222', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q550934', 'display_name': 'Putamen', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.66673565}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778187257', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q464210', 'display_name': 'Basal ganglia', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6665962}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777186548', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7139918', 'display_name': 'Pars reticulata', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.48737985}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779734285', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11085', 'display_name': "Parkinson's disease", 'level': 3, 'score': 0.46965662}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C24566897', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q943621', 'display_name': 'Tegmentum', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.4405682}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C137183658', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461076', 'display_name': 'Dopaminergic', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.43612832}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C151077648', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q324076', 'display_name': 'Dynorphin', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.4280641}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.4059822}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169760540', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3697368}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C513476851', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170304', 'display_name': 'Dopamine', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.3473659}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.29596406}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C552161191', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185080', 'display_name': 'Midbrain', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.21551579}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.15764284}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C529278444', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273', 'display_name': 'Central nervous system', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.12812251}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C170493617', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467', 'display_name': 'Receptor', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779134260', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136', 'display_name': 'Disease', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781063702', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q427523', 'display_name': 'Opioid', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C88016717', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417189', 'display_name': 'Opioid peptide', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D001479', 'descriptor_name': 'Basal Ganglia', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006816', 'descriptor_name': 'Huntington Disease', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010300', 'descriptor_name': 'Parkinson Disease', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013378', 'descriptor_name': 'Substantia Nigra', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000328', 'descriptor_name': 'Adult', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000368', 'descriptor_name': 'Aged', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000369', 'descriptor_name': 'Aged, 80 and over', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001479', 'descriptor_name': 'Basal Ganglia', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000648', 'qualifier_name': 'ultrastructure', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001479', 'descriptor_name': 'Basal Ganglia', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002395', 'descriptor_name': 'Catecholamines', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002395', 'descriptor_name': 'Catecholamines', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000032', 'qualifier_name': 'analysis', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002452', 'descriptor_name': 'Cell Count', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004745', 'descriptor_name': 'Enkephalins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004745', 'descriptor_name': 'Enkephalins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000032', 'qualifier_name': 'analysis', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005260', 'descriptor_name': 'Female', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006816', 'descriptor_name': 'Huntington Disease', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007150', 'descriptor_name': 'Immunohistochemistry', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008875', 'descriptor_name': 'Middle Aged', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010300', 'descriptor_name': 'Parkinson Disease', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013373', 'descriptor_name': 'Substance P', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013373', 'descriptor_name': 'Substance P', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000032', 'qualifier_name': 'analysis', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013378', 'descriptor_name': 'Substantia Nigra', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013378', 'descriptor_name': 'Substantia Nigra', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000648', 'qualifier_name': 'ultrastructure', 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4522(88)90249-7', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S30122339', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience', 'issn_l': '0306-4522', 'issn': ['0306-4522', '1873-7544'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2456487', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'score': 0.66, 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 63, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W110534407', 'https://openalex.org/W1495138196', 'https://openalex.org/W182712325', 'https://openalex.org/W1970945267', 'https://openalex.org/W1973366584', 'https://openalex.org/W1976749972', 'https://openalex.org/W1977360978', 'https://openalex.org/W1979067055', 'https://openalex.org/W1986683725', 'https://openalex.org/W1988094945', 'https://openalex.org/W1988505151', 'https://openalex.org/W1988600926', 'https://openalex.org/W1993264807', 'https://openalex.org/W1994133253', 'https://openalex.org/W1995416377', 'https://openalex.org/W1997155392', 'https://openalex.org/W1998086668', 'https://openalex.org/W2003510456', 'https://openalex.org/W2004397445', 'https://openalex.org/W2004434463', 'https://openalex.org/W2004930085', 'https://openalex.org/W2005856243', 'https://openalex.org/W2013080716', 'https://openalex.org/W2013165553', 'https://openalex.org/W2020418158', 'https://openalex.org/W2020439765', 'https://openalex.org/W2021399948', 'https://openalex.org/W2029715075', 'https://openalex.org/W2031300911', 'https://openalex.org/W2032153084', 'https://openalex.org/W2038296494', 'https://openalex.org/W2040879740', 'https://openalex.org/W2041475621', 'https://openalex.org/W2042895513', 'https://openalex.org/W2045960011', 'https://openalex.org/W2048302926', 'https://openalex.org/W2048646915', 'https://openalex.org/W2056203475', 'https://openalex.org/W2056537961', 'https://openalex.org/W2058477070', 'https://openalex.org/W2061096573', 'https://openalex.org/W2064337097', 'https://openalex.org/W2069073603', 'https://openalex.org/W2069123932', 'https://openalex.org/W2071994418', 'https://openalex.org/W2076792446', 'https://openalex.org/W2083549296', 'https://openalex.org/W2085015621', 'https://openalex.org/W2086493917', 'https://openalex.org/W2091495568', 'https://openalex.org/W2116278699', 'https://openalex.org/W2117623981', 'https://openalex.org/W2119125561', 'https://openalex.org/W2128928835', 'https://openalex.org/W2164620775', 'https://openalex.org/W225250483', 'https://openalex.org/W2265948808', 'https://openalex.org/W2406372942', 'https://openalex.org/W2411205725', 'https://openalex.org/W2444122505', 'https://openalex.org/W2465403597', 'https://openalex.org/W4250374004', 'https://openalex.org/W50122120'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W92217080', 'https://openalex.org/W3112274140', 'https://openalex.org/W2747363384', 'https://openalex.org/W254858275', 'https://openalex.org/W2082967796', 'https://openalex.org/W2061114413', 'https://openalex.org/W2030171240', 'https://openalex.org/W2001863520', 'https://openalex.org/W1975106897', 'https://openalex.org/W1485305560'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2094704247', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-16T03:11:19.778301', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}