Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2077406753', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2760(93)90098-t', 'title': 'Structural and functional properties of natural and chemical variants of apolipoprotein A-I', 'display_name': 'Structural and functional properties of natural and chemical variants of apolipoprotein A-I', 'publication_year': 1993, 'publication_date': '1993-02-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2077406753', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2760(93)90098-t', 'mag': '2077406753', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8443238'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2760(93)90098-t', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210194106', 'display_name': 'Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism', 'issn_l': '0005-2760', 'issn': ['0005-2760', '1879-145X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5103420039', 'display_name': 'Ana Jonas', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I157725225', 'display_name': 'University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/047426m28', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I157725225']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Ana Jonas', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, ILUSA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, ILUSA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I157725225']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5027046285', 'display_name': 'Arnold von Eckardstein', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1666-2266'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I22465464', 'display_name': 'University of Münster', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00pd74e08', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I22465464']}], 'countries': ['DE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Arnold Von Eckardstein', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Münster, MünsterGermany'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Münster, MünsterGermany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I22465464']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5015496690', 'display_name': 'Lisa M. Churgay', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I157725225', 'display_name': 'University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/047426m28', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I157725225']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Lisa Churgay', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, ILUSA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, ILUSA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I157725225']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5109249921', 'display_name': 'William W. Mantulin', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I157725225', 'display_name': 'University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/047426m28', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I157725225']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'William W. Mantulin', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Physics, and Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, ILUSA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Physics, and Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, ILUSA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I157725225']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5111898383', 'display_name': 'Gerd Assmann', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210161298', 'display_name': 'Japan Arteriosclerosis Prevention Fund', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05wfg6079', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'other', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210161298']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210105595', 'display_name': 'Institute of Art', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/017fyx225', 'country_code': 'PL', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210105595', 'https://openalex.org/I99542240']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I22465464', 'display_name': 'University of Münster', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00pd74e08', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I22465464']}], 'countries': ['DE', 'JP', 'PL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Gerd Assmann', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Arteriosclerosis Research, MünsterGermany', 'Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Münster, MünsterGermany'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Arteriosclerosis Research, MünsterGermany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210161298', 'https://openalex.org/I4210105595']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Münster, MünsterGermany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I22465464']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 4, 'institutions_distinct_count': 4, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 2.497, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 32, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.826402, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 88, 'max': 89}, 'biblio': {'volume': '1166', 'issue': '2-3', 'first_page': '202', 'last_page': '210'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10027', 'display_name': 'Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins', 'score': 0.9979, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2712', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10027', 'display_name': 'Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins', 'score': 0.9979, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2712', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11072', 'display_name': 'Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors', 'score': 0.9922, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11618', 'display_name': 'Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism', 'score': 0.9919, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2746', 'display_name': 'Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/guanidine', 'display_name': 'Guanidine', 'score': 0.75614274}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/denaturation', 'display_name': 'Denaturation (fissile materials)', 'score': 0.5528059}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/sterol-o-acyltransferase', 'display_name': 'Sterol O-acyltransferase', 'score': 0.42856082}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779463914', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183309', 'display_name': 'Guanidine', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.75614274}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C143065580', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3285695', 'display_name': 'Mutant', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.69792265}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62746215', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14890615', 'display_name': 'Apolipoprotein B', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.67485684}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.6494725}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.59811366}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C53345823', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5531554', 'display_name': 'Gene isoform', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5659145}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776923230', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16955798', 'display_name': 'Denaturation (fissile materials)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5528059}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780072125', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28350', 'display_name': 'Lipoprotein', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5127069}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779564620', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q241595', 'display_name': 'Lecithin', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45489898}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C37002583', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418755', 'display_name': 'Sterol O-acyltransferase', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.42856082}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778163477', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43656', 'display_name': 'Cholesterol', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41599107}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.178072}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C13965031', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243545', 'display_name': 'Nuclear chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D016632', 'descriptor_name': 'Apolipoprotein A-I', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000595', 'descriptor_name': 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016632', 'descriptor_name': 'Apolipoprotein A-I', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016632', 'descriptor_name': 'Apolipoprotein A-I', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016632', 'descriptor_name': 'Apolipoprotein A-I', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004789', 'descriptor_name': 'Enzyme Activation', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D017353', 'descriptor_name': 'Gene Deletion', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008239', 'descriptor_name': 'Lysine', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008969', 'descriptor_name': 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009154', 'descriptor_name': 'Mutation', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007862', 'descriptor_name': 'Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007862', 'descriptor_name': 'Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011487', 'descriptor_name': 'Protein Conformation', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2760(93)90098-t', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210194106', 'display_name': 'Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism', 'issn_l': '0005-2760', 'issn': ['0005-2760', '1879-145X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8443238', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Clean water and sanitation', 'score': 0.45, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 32, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1496527839', 'https://openalex.org/W1503830583', 'https://openalex.org/W1531948238', 'https://openalex.org/W1569934993', 'https://openalex.org/W1573915513', 'https://openalex.org/W1580211147', 'https://openalex.org/W1973052017', 'https://openalex.org/W1994543234', 'https://openalex.org/W1996661003', 'https://openalex.org/W2008527016', 'https://openalex.org/W2018527767', 'https://openalex.org/W2024143766', 'https://openalex.org/W2040197379', 'https://openalex.org/W2041658859', 'https://openalex.org/W2062228103', 'https://openalex.org/W2075400864', 'https://openalex.org/W2076530860', 'https://openalex.org/W2080566499', 'https://openalex.org/W2081253788', 'https://openalex.org/W2106008650', 'https://openalex.org/W2178996695', 'https://openalex.org/W2182136758', 'https://openalex.org/W2320365935', 'https://openalex.org/W2400063688', 'https://openalex.org/W2412834615', 'https://openalex.org/W2413617099', 'https://openalex.org/W2421570234', 'https://openalex.org/W2425661354', 'https://openalex.org/W2943912110', 'https://openalex.org/W4211223077', 'https://openalex.org/W4300177093', 'https://openalex.org/W80696700'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3134297621', 'https://openalex.org/W2614337676', 'https://openalex.org/W2413925646', 'https://openalex.org/W2350914885', 'https://openalex.org/W2139575802', 'https://openalex.org/W2029873267', 'https://openalex.org/W2022611611', 'https://openalex.org/W1990659752', 'https://openalex.org/W1981966805', 'https://openalex.org/W1971875940'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2077406753', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-25T11:29:01.426288', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}