Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2071560582', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(88)90354-5', 'title': 'Clinical and biochemical applications of luciferases and luciferins', 'display_name': 'Clinical and biochemical applications of luciferases and luciferins', 'publication_year': 1988, 'publication_date': '1988-11-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2071560582', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(88)90354-5', 'mag': '2071560582', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3072882'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(88)90354-5', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S7858788', 'display_name': 'Analytical Biochemistry', 'issn_l': '0003-2697', 'issn': ['0003-2697', '1096-0309'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5053315447', 'display_name': 'Larry J. Kricka', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7021-7326'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2799810409', 'display_name': 'Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02917wp91', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2799810409', 'https://openalex.org/I4210143392']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Larry J. Kricka', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Pathology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4283 USA', 'Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4283 USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pathology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4283 USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2799810409']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4283 USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2799810409']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5053315447'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2799810409'], 'apc_list': {'value': 3320, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3320, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.667, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 136, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.968689, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 97, 'max': 98}, 'biblio': {'volume': '175', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '14', 'last_page': '21'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12561', 'display_name': 'bioluminescence and chemiluminescence research', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12561', 'display_name': 'bioluminescence and chemiluminescence research', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11393', 'display_name': 'Biosensors and Analytical Detection', 'score': 0.9712, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2204', 'display_name': 'Biomedical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12859', 'display_name': 'Cell Image Analysis Techniques', 'score': 0.9597, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1304', 'display_name': 'Biophysics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/luciferases', 'display_name': 'Luciferases', 'score': 0.9322514}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/vibrio-harveyi', 'display_name': 'Vibrio harveyi', 'score': 0.6259886}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/luciferin', 'display_name': 'Luciferin', 'score': 0.5151354}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2909536089', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q95385166', 'display_name': 'Luciferases', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.9322514}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111335760', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q95385166', 'display_name': 'Luciferase', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.847692}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C107477482', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22570039', 'display_name': 'Firefly protocol', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6626334}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C5176359', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179924', 'display_name': 'Bioluminescence', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.62708855}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781275326', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3761158', 'display_name': 'Vibrio harveyi', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.6259886}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.580382}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.55945927}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777289219', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7632154', 'display_name': 'Substrate (aquarium)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5429816}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781309008', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369745', 'display_name': 'Luciferin', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.5151354}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C160160445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24769688', 'display_name': 'Alkaline phosphatase', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4837899}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C181199279', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047', 'display_name': 'Enzyme', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.40799063}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C89423630', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193', 'display_name': 'Microbiology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.32631525}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C523546767', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876', 'display_name': 'Bacteria', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.29980284}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.28558615}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776154503', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753490', 'display_name': 'Vibrio', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.25765836}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.1012156}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54009773', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1429031', 'display_name': 'Transfection', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C90856448', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431', 'display_name': 'Zoology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D049454', 'descriptor_name': 'Firefly Luciferin', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008156', 'descriptor_name': 'Luciferases', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000255', 'descriptor_name': 'Adenosine Triphosphate', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000255', 'descriptor_name': 'Adenosine Triphosphate', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000032', 'qualifier_name': 'analysis', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004800', 'descriptor_name': 'Enzymes, Immobilized', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007202', 'descriptor_name': 'Indicators and Reagents', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008163', 'descriptor_name': 'Luminescent Measurements', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(88)90354-5', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S7858788', 'display_name': 'Analytical Biochemistry', 'issn_l': '0003-2697', 'issn': ['0003-2697', '1096-0309'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3072882', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2', 'score': 0.42, 'display_name': 'Zero hunger'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 47, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1640600709', 'https://openalex.org/W1724705277', 'https://openalex.org/W1944980313', 'https://openalex.org/W1965299746', 'https://openalex.org/W1971582851', 'https://openalex.org/W1974074192', 'https://openalex.org/W1980318517', 'https://openalex.org/W1981150718', 'https://openalex.org/W1981196701', 'https://openalex.org/W1983417273', 'https://openalex.org/W1989132287', 'https://openalex.org/W1989168628', 'https://openalex.org/W1993588524', 'https://openalex.org/W1997530578', 'https://openalex.org/W1999469334', 'https://openalex.org/W2006111870', 'https://openalex.org/W2015179091', 'https://openalex.org/W2022191653', 'https://openalex.org/W2026762935', 'https://openalex.org/W2028430711', 'https://openalex.org/W2030524854', 'https://openalex.org/W2031550823', 'https://openalex.org/W2037507305', 'https://openalex.org/W2038920673', 'https://openalex.org/W2052921153', 'https://openalex.org/W2056986819', 'https://openalex.org/W2063766279', 'https://openalex.org/W2064459991', 'https://openalex.org/W2065246417', 'https://openalex.org/W2071919547', 'https://openalex.org/W2072948775', 'https://openalex.org/W2073827775', 'https://openalex.org/W2079110218', 'https://openalex.org/W2084367879', 'https://openalex.org/W2087538231', 'https://openalex.org/W2093777426', 'https://openalex.org/W2095732248', 'https://openalex.org/W2129368664', 'https://openalex.org/W2153080763', 'https://openalex.org/W2160182727', 'https://openalex.org/W2409457578', 'https://openalex.org/W2464648500', 'https://openalex.org/W2465533526', 'https://openalex.org/W2558037870', 'https://openalex.org/W2559287658', 'https://openalex.org/W2559334501', 'https://openalex.org/W2559654977'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4253858024', 'https://openalex.org/W4237488339', 'https://openalex.org/W4205342580', 'https://openalex.org/W3162852437', 'https://openalex.org/W3114517846', 'https://openalex.org/W3047375921', 'https://openalex.org/W2800687731', 'https://openalex.org/W2412506486', 'https://openalex.org/W2131533149', 'https://openalex.org/W2000159979'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2071560582', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 3}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-07T17:48:35.669302', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}