Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2026377725', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1126/science.8424170', 'title': 'A <i>wingless</i> -Dependent Polar Coordinate System in <i>Drosophila</i> Imaginal Discs', 'display_name': 'A <i>wingless</i> -Dependent Polar Coordinate System in <i>Drosophila</i> Imaginal Discs', 'publication_year': 1993, 'publication_date': '1993-01-22', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2026377725', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1126/science.8424170', 'mag': '2026377725', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8424170'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1126/science.8424170', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S3880285', 'display_name': 'Science', 'issn_l': '0036-8075', 'issn': ['0036-8075', '1095-9203'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315823', 'host_organization_name': 'American Association for the Advancement of Science', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315823'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Association for the Advancement of Science'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5043270961', 'display_name': 'Juan Pablo Couso', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8547-7312'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I241749', 'display_name': 'University of Cambridge', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/013meh722', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I241749']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Juan Pablo Couso', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I241749']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5111219671', 'display_name': 'Michael Bate', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6513-2405'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I241749', 'display_name': 'University of Cambridge', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/013meh722', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I241749']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Michael Bate', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I241749']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5058525741', 'display_name': 'Alfonso Martínez-Arias', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I241749', 'display_name': 'University of Cambridge', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/013meh722', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I241749']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Alfonso Martínez-Arias', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I241749']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 12.739, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 266, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.978292, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '259', 'issue': '5094', 'first_page': '484', 'last_page': '489'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10268', 'display_name': 'Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation', 'score': 0.9995, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10268', 'display_name': 'Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation', 'score': 0.9995, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10929', 'display_name': 'Wnt/β-catenin signaling in development and cancer', 'score': 0.9751, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11966', 'display_name': 'Silk-based biomaterials and applications', 'score': 0.9739, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2502', 'display_name': 'Biomaterials'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/25', 'display_name': 'Materials Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/epidermis', 'display_name': 'Epidermis (zoology)', 'score': 0.58095396}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/polarity', 'display_name': 'Polarity (international relations)', 'score': 0.53372735}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C91986751', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q996011', 'display_name': 'Imaginal disc', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.9265553}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.76438874}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780104201', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130888', 'display_name': 'Drosophila melanogaster', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7622526}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776458125', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1827343', 'display_name': 'Epidermis (zoology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.58095396}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777361361', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1112585', 'display_name': 'Polarity (international relations)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.53372735}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95444343', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141', 'display_name': 'Cell biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.52308017}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105702510', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514', 'display_name': 'Anatomy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.45302153}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777612826', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1390', 'display_name': 'Insect', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44101393}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776041557', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3715451', 'display_name': 'Drosophila (subgenus)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.44018936}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.25665784}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.23230436}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C59822182', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441', 'display_name': 'Botany', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0990226}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C1491633281', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7868', 'display_name': 'Cell', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.081296}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D004331', 'descriptor_name': 'Drosophila melanogaster', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D029961', 'descriptor_name': 'Zebrafish Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004331', 'descriptor_name': 'Drosophila melanogaster', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000196', 'qualifier_name': 'embryology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004331', 'descriptor_name': 'Drosophila melanogaster', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000254', 'qualifier_name': 'growth & development', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004331', 'descriptor_name': 'Drosophila melanogaster', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004625', 'descriptor_name': 'Embryo, Nonmammalian', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000166', 'qualifier_name': 'cytology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004625', 'descriptor_name': 'Embryo, Nonmammalian', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004625', 'descriptor_name': 'Embryo, Nonmammalian', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015870', 'descriptor_name': 'Gene Expression', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007814', 'descriptor_name': 'Larva', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D051379', 'descriptor_name': 'Mice', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010641', 'descriptor_name': 'Phenotype', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011505', 'descriptor_name': 'Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011505', 'descriptor_name': 'Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011518', 'descriptor_name': 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011518', 'descriptor_name': 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011519', 'descriptor_name': 'Proto-Oncogenes', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012689', 'descriptor_name': 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014921', 'descriptor_name': 'Wings, Animal', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D051153', 'descriptor_name': 'Wnt Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D051155', 'descriptor_name': 'Wnt1 Protein', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001616', 'descriptor_name': 'beta-Galactosidase', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001616', 'descriptor_name': 'beta-Galactosidase', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1126/science.8424170', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S3880285', 'display_name': 'Science', 'issn_l': '0036-8075', 'issn': ['0036-8075', '1095-9203'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315823', 'host_organization_name': 'American Association for the Advancement of Science', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315823'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Association for the Advancement of Science'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8424170', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 47, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1486074438', 'https://openalex.org/W1504490211', 'https://openalex.org/W15778579', 'https://openalex.org/W1819149160', 'https://openalex.org/W1819307633', 'https://openalex.org/W1822623147', 'https://openalex.org/W1878064618', 'https://openalex.org/W1889767892', 'https://openalex.org/W1903204439', 'https://openalex.org/W1940573823', 'https://openalex.org/W1950932417', 'https://openalex.org/W1970759130', 'https://openalex.org/W1971425450', 'https://openalex.org/W1972354147', 'https://openalex.org/W1976247593', 'https://openalex.org/W1980878261', 'https://openalex.org/W1987510901', 'https://openalex.org/W1995112067', 'https://openalex.org/W1995154111', 'https://openalex.org/W1997094245', 'https://openalex.org/W2006320282', 'https://openalex.org/W2008815241', 'https://openalex.org/W2010044764', 'https://openalex.org/W2012083927', 'https://openalex.org/W2023035735', 'https://openalex.org/W2025682939', 'https://openalex.org/W2037697367', 'https://openalex.org/W2048281901', 'https://openalex.org/W2050763240', 'https://openalex.org/W2053779562', 'https://openalex.org/W2054184290', 'https://openalex.org/W2061883669', 'https://openalex.org/W2062140641', 'https://openalex.org/W2064412659', 'https://openalex.org/W2064960790', 'https://openalex.org/W2070566380', 'https://openalex.org/W2072713178', 'https://openalex.org/W2088178611', 'https://openalex.org/W2126892094', 'https://openalex.org/W2159606738', 'https://openalex.org/W2169496505', 'https://openalex.org/W2407548752', 'https://openalex.org/W2413048863', 'https://openalex.org/W2464073779', 'https://openalex.org/W24949964', 'https://openalex.org/W2600176558', 'https://openalex.org/W568936105'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4323037479', 'https://openalex.org/W4311607074', 'https://openalex.org/W3166827729', 'https://openalex.org/W3025486376', 'https://openalex.org/W2505437228', 'https://openalex.org/W2090526752', 'https://openalex.org/W2083410952', 'https://openalex.org/W2046320379', 'https://openalex.org/W2041022256', 'https://openalex.org/W1996239766'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'The': [0], 'patterning': [1, 16, 50], 'of': [2, 17, 26, 38, 51, 63, 74, 83, 102, 123], 'the': [3, 15, 18, 24, 39, 49, 52, 56, 61, 66, 77, 121], 'imaginal': [4, 57, 94], 'discs': [5], 'in': [6, 48, 65, 116], 'Drosophila': [7], 'melanogaster': [8], 'is': [9, 68, 89, 97], 'a': [10, 36, 45, 72, 84, 100, 108, 117], 'progressive': [11], 'process': [12], 'that,': [13], 'like': [14], 'larval': [19, 53], 'epidermis': [20, 54], 'during': [21, 93], 'embryogenesis,': [22], 'requires': [23], 'activity': [25], 'segment': [27, 31], 'polarity': [28, 32], 'genes.': [29], 'One': [30], 'gene,': [33], 'wingless,': [34], 'encodes': [35], 'homolog': [37], 'mouse': [40], 'proto-oncogene': [41], 'Wnt-1': [42], 'and': [43, 55, 125], 'plays': [44], 'prominent': [46], 'role': [47], 'discs.': [58], 'However,': [59], 'whereas': [60], 'function': [62], 'wingless': [64, 96], 'embryo': [67], 'initially': [69], 'associated': [70, 98], 'with': [71, 99], 'pattern': [73, 101], 'stripes': [75], 'along': [76], 'anteroposterior': [78], 'axis': [79], 'that': [80, 92, 104, 114], 'are': [81], 'part': [82], 'Cartesian': [85], 'coordinate': [86, 110], 'system,': [87], 'it': [88], 'shown': [90], 'here': [91], 'development': [95], 'sectors': [103], 'provide': [105], 'references': [106], 'for': [107, 120], 'polar': [109], 'system': [111], 'homologous': [112], 'to': [113], 'postulated': [115], 'well-known': [118], 'model': [119], 'regeneration': [122], 'insect': [124], 'vertebrate': [126], 'limbs.': [127]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2026377725', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 5}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-26T07:18:54.685153', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}