Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2011662622', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm/145.1.212', 'title': 'Activity<i>in vitro</i>of Rifabutin, FCE 22807, Rifapentine, and Rifampin against<i>Mycobacterium microti</i>and<i>M. tuberculosis</i>and Their Penetration into Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages', 'display_name': 'Activity<i>in vitro</i>of Rifabutin, FCE 22807, Rifapentine, and Rifampin against<i>Mycobacterium microti</i>and<i>M. tuberculosis</i>and Their Penetration into Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages', 'publication_year': 1992, 'publication_date': '1992-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2011662622', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm/145.1.212', 'mag': '2011662622', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1309967'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm/145.1.212', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2751726451', 'display_name': 'American Review of Respiratory Disease', 'issn_l': '0003-0805', 'issn': ['0003-0805', '2376-3752'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310316311', 'host_organization_name': 'American Thoracic Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310316311'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Thoracic Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5081546327', 'display_name': 'Jasvir Dhillon', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210130048', 'display_name': 'Royal Victoria Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03rq50d77', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1289110261', 'https://openalex.org/I4210130048']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I138801177', 'display_name': 'University of Ulster', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01yp9g959', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I138801177']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210103404', 'display_name': 'London Postgraduate Medical and Dental Education', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/010x33r48', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210103404']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Jasvir Dhillon', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Bacteriology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London, United Kingdom.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Bacteriology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London, United Kingdom.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210130048', 'https://openalex.org/I138801177', 'https://openalex.org/I4210103404']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5019940804', 'display_name': 'D.A. Mitchison', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'D. A. Mitchison', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 2.655, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 48, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.852988, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 92, 'max': 93}, 'biblio': {'volume': '145', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '212', 'last_page': '214'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10038', 'display_name': 'Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology', 'score': 0.9957, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2725', 'display_name': 'Infectious Diseases'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10038', 'display_name': 'Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology', 'score': 0.9957, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2725', 'display_name': 'Infectious Diseases'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11316', 'display_name': 'Mycobacterium research and diagnosis', 'score': 0.9925, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2713', 'display_name': 'Epidemiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12369', 'display_name': 'Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment', 'score': 0.9895, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2713', 'display_name': 'Epidemiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/rifabutin', 'display_name': 'Rifabutin', 'score': 0.9880634}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/rifapentine', 'display_name': 'Rifapentine', 'score': 0.9834728}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/rifamycin', 'display_name': 'Rifamycin', 'score': 0.9343494}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780867798', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135705', 'display_name': 'Rifabutin', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.9880634}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776991065', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935297', 'display_name': 'Rifapentine', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.9834728}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776306059', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q388565', 'display_name': 'Rifamycin', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.9343494}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C89423630', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193', 'display_name': 'Microbiology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.75344217}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777975735', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130971', 'display_name': 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6326189}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C202751555', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681', 'display_name': 'In vitro', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.49747303}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C3019249092', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274493', 'display_name': 'Antibacterial agent', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.47294092}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779244956', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184204', 'display_name': 'Macrophage', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.45350292}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780374374', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194309', 'display_name': 'Mycobacterium', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.44135416}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778607973', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422652', 'display_name': 'Rifampicin', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4314808}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781069245', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12204', 'display_name': 'Tuberculosis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41001648}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.38909125}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.373116}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C501593827', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187', 'display_name': 'Antibiotics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.33357215}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C98274493', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.33214414}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779806340', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4254929', 'display_name': 'Latent tuberculosis', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.27825373}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142724271', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208', 'display_name': 'Pathology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.07992414}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776962512', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118551', 'display_name': 'Clarithromycin', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D000995', 'descriptor_name': 'Antitubercular Agents', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008264', 'descriptor_name': 'Macrophages', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009161', 'descriptor_name': 'Mycobacterium', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010529', 'descriptor_name': 'Peritoneal Cavity', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000166', 'qualifier_name': 'cytology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012294', 'descriptor_name': 'Rifamycins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000995', 'descriptor_name': 'Antitubercular Agents', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000995', 'descriptor_name': 'Antitubercular Agents', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000493', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacokinetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008264', 'descriptor_name': 'Macrophages', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D051379', 'descriptor_name': 'Mice', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008807', 'descriptor_name': 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008826', 'descriptor_name': 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009161', 'descriptor_name': 'Mycobacterium', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009169', 'descriptor_name': 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009169', 'descriptor_name': 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010529', 'descriptor_name': 'Peritoneal Cavity', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D017828', 'descriptor_name': 'Rifabutin', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012293', 'descriptor_name': 'Rifampin', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012293', 'descriptor_name': 'Rifampin', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012293', 'descriptor_name': 'Rifampin', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000493', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacokinetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012293', 'descriptor_name': 'Rifampin', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000031', 'qualifier_name': 'analogs & derivatives', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012294', 'descriptor_name': 'Rifamycins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000493', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacokinetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012294', 'descriptor_name': 'Rifamycins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm/145.1.212', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2751726451', 'display_name': 'American Review of Respiratory Disease', 'issn_l': '0003-0805', 'issn': ['0003-0805', '2376-3752'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310316311', 'host_organization_name': 'American Thoracic Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310316311'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Thoracic Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1309967', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.8, 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4300580349', 'https://openalex.org/W2973159417', 'https://openalex.org/W2132071499', 'https://openalex.org/W2096647591', 'https://openalex.org/W2045673731', 'https://openalex.org/W2022991775', 'https://openalex.org/W2011662622', 'https://openalex.org/W2010020798', 'https://openalex.org/W2008009080', 'https://openalex.org/W1602670054'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'The': [0, 91, 101], 'activities': [1], 'of': [2, 24, 76, 93, 103, 114, 122, 125, 145], 'the': [3, 66, 71, 74, 120, 126, 132, 137], 'rifamycins,': [4], 'rifabutin,': [5, 148], 'FCE': [6, 106, 154], '22807,': [7, 155], 'rifapentine,': [8], 'and': [9, 21, 27, 50, 96, 105, 112, 156], 'rifampin,': [10, 151], 'were': [11, 42, 53, 99, 108, 128], 'studied': [12], 'within': [13], 'unstimulated': [14], 'peritoneal': [15], 'macrophages': [16, 138], 'infected': [17], 'with': [18, 65], 'Mycobacterium': [19], 'microti': [20, 26, 95], 'in': [22, 30, 70, 82, 130, 136, 140], 'cultures': [23], 'M.': [25, 28, 94, 97], 'tuberculosis': [29, 98], '7H-9': [31, 83], 'medium': [32, 84], 'without': [33], 'Tween': [34], '80.': [35], 'In': [36], 'macrophage': [37, 72], 'cultures,': [38], 'serial': [39, 79], 'rifamycin': [40, 80], 'concentrations': [41, 81], 'added': [43], 'after': [44, 55], 'a': [45, 143], '2.5': [46, 109], 'h': [47], 'phagocytosis': [48], 'period,': [49], 'viable': [51], 'counts': [52], 'done': [54], 'incubation': [56], 'for': [57, 147, 150, 153, 158], '5': [58], 'to': [59, 78, 87], '6': [60], 'days.': [61, 90], 'To': [62], 'ensure': [63], 'comparability': [64], 'daily': [67], 'drug': [68], 'replacements': [69], 'experiments,': [73], 'period': [75], 'exposure': [77], 'was': [85], 'kept': [86], 'only': [88], '3': [89], 'MICs': [92, 102, 133], 'similar.': [100], 'rifabutin': [104], '22807': [107], 'times': [110, 117], 'lower': [111, 118], 'that': [113], 'rifapentine': [115], '1.7': [116], 'than': [119, 139], 'MIC': [121], 'rifampin.': [123], 'None': [124], 'rifamycins': [127], 'concentrated': [129], 'macrophages,': [131], 'being': [134], 'higher': [135], 'vitro': [141], 'by': [142], 'factor': [144], '2-fold': [146], '6.7-fold': [149], '20-fold': [152], '26-fold': [157], 'rifapentine.': [159]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2011662622', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-14T05:28:27.389522', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}