Abstract: The history of pneumatic PID controllers covering the invention of the flapper-nozzle amplifier, the addition of negative feed back to the amplifier and the incorporation of rest (integral) and pre-act (derivative) actions is described. The transition of the controller from a special purpose unit to a robust, reliable, widely used unit; the change to electronic implementation and then the development of the digital controller is examined. It is concluded that a systems approach to control was important in the development of PID controllers as was a close relationship between instrument companies, plant designers and plant operators.
Publication Year: 2001
Publication Date: 2001-01-01
Language: en
Type: article
Indexed In: ['crossref']
Access and Citation
Cited By Count: 135
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