Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2000948410', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2009.01545.x', 'title': 'Social group size affects <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> infection in European badgers (<i>Meles meles</i>)', 'display_name': 'Social group size affects <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> infection in European badgers (<i>Meles meles</i>)', 'publication_year': 2009, 'publication_date': '2009-03-30', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2000948410', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2009.01545.x', 'mag': '2000948410', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19486382'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2009.01545.x', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2009.01545.x', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S33456383', 'display_name': 'Journal of Animal Ecology', 'issn_l': '0021-8790', 'issn': ['0021-8790', '1365-2656'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2009.01545.x', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5070834734', 'display_name': 'Roșie Woodroffe', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2104-3133'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1326803253', 'display_name': 'Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00tnppw48', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1326803253', 'https://openalex.org/I2802373619']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1321067030', 'display_name': 'Zoological Society of London', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03px4ez74', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'nonprofit', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1321067030']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Rosie Woodroffe', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Independent Scientific Group on Cattle TB, c/o Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs, 1A Page Street, London SW1P 4PQ, UK', "Institute of Zoology, Regent's Park, London NW1 4RY, UK"], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Independent Scientific Group on Cattle TB, c/o Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs, 1A Page Street, London SW1P 4PQ, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1326803253']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': "Institute of Zoology, Regent's Park, London NW1 4RY, UK", 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1321067030']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5012533867', 'display_name': 'Christl A. Donnelly', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0195-2463'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1326803253', 'display_name': 'Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00tnppw48', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1326803253', 'https://openalex.org/I2802373619']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I47508984', 'display_name': 'Imperial College London', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/041kmwe10', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I47508984']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Christl A. Donnelly', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Independent Scientific Group on Cattle TB, c/o Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs, 1A Page Street, London SW1P 4PQ, UK', 'MRC Centre for Outbreak Analysis and Modelling, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London W2 1PG, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Independent Scientific Group on Cattle TB, c/o Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs, 1A Page Street, London SW1P 4PQ, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1326803253']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'MRC Centre for Outbreak Analysis and Modelling, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London W2 1PG, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I47508984']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5053672565', 'display_name': 'Wei Gao', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7963-3502'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I47508984', 'display_name': 'Imperial College London', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/041kmwe10', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I47508984']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Gao Wei', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London W2 1PG, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London W2 1PG, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I47508984']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5103747073', 'display_name': 'David R. Cox', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1326803253', 'display_name': 'Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00tnppw48', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1326803253', 'https://openalex.org/I2802373619']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'D.R. Cox', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Independent Scientific Group on Cattle TB, c/o Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs, 1A Page Street, London SW1P 4PQ, UK', 'Nuffield College, Oxford OX1 1NF, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Independent Scientific Group on Cattle TB, c/o Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs, 1A Page Street, London SW1P 4PQ, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1326803253']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Nuffield College, Oxford OX1 1NF, UK', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5113452639', 'display_name': 'F.J. Bourne', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1326803253', 'display_name': 'Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00tnppw48', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1326803253', 'https://openalex.org/I2802373619']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'F. John Bourne', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Independent Scientific Group on Cattle TB, c/o Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs, 1A Page Street, London SW1P 4PQ, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Independent Scientific Group on Cattle TB, c/o Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs, 1A Page Street, London SW1P 4PQ, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1326803253']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5053755354', 'display_name': 'Terry Burke', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3848-1244'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I91136226', 'display_name': 'University of Sheffield', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05krs5044', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I91136226']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Terry Burke', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I91136226']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5049576700', 'display_name': 'Roger K. Butlin', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4736-0954'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I91136226', 'display_name': 'University of Sheffield', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05krs5044', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I91136226']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Roger K. Butlin', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I91136226']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5111651207', 'display_name': 'C. L. Cheeseman', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'C.L. Cheeseman', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, UK', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5075795489', 'display_name': 'G. Gettinby', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1326803253', 'display_name': 'Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00tnppw48', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1326803253', 'https://openalex.org/I2802373619']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I181647926', 'display_name': 'University of Strathclyde', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00n3w3b69', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I181647926']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'George Gettinby', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Statistics and Modelling Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XH, UK', 'Independent Scientific Group on Cattle TB, c/o Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs, 1A Page Street, London SW1P 4PQ, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Independent Scientific Group on Cattle TB, c/o Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs, 1A Page Street, London SW1P 4PQ, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1326803253']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Statistics and Modelling Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XH, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I181647926']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5062414462', 'display_name': 'Peter Gilks', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I47508984', 'display_name': 'Imperial College London', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/041kmwe10', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I47508984']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Peter Gilks', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London W2 1PG, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London W2 1PG, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I47508984']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5102858720', 'display_name': 'Simon Hedges', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8438-4571'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1332460256', 'display_name': 'Wildlife Conservation Society', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01xnsst08', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'nonprofit', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1332460256']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Simon Hedges', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Wildlife Conservation Society, 2300 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, NY 10460, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Wildlife Conservation Society, 2300 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, NY 10460, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1332460256']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5060308139', 'display_name': 'Helen E. Jenkins', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4749-1591'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I47508984', 'display_name': 'Imperial College London', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/041kmwe10', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I47508984']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Helen E. Jenkins', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['MRC Centre for Outbreak Analysis and Modelling, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London W2 1PG, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'MRC Centre for Outbreak Analysis and Modelling, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London W2 1PG, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I47508984']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5001416071', 'display_name': 'W. Thomas Johnston', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5204-0966'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I47508984', 'display_name': 'Imperial College London', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/041kmwe10', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I47508984']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'W. Thomas Johnston', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London W2 1PG, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London W2 1PG, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I47508984']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5113492346', 'display_name': 'John McInerney', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1326803253', 'display_name': 'Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00tnppw48', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1326803253', 'https://openalex.org/I2802373619']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'John P. McInerney', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Independent Scientific Group on Cattle TB, c/o Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs, 1A Page Street, London SW1P 4PQ, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Independent Scientific Group on Cattle TB, c/o Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs, 1A Page Street, London SW1P 4PQ, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1326803253']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5110861180', 'display_name': 'W. Ivan Morrison', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I98677209', 'display_name': 'University of Edinburgh', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01nrxwf90', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I98677209']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1326803253', 'display_name': 'Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00tnppw48', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1326803253', 'https://openalex.org/I2802373619']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'W. Ivan Morrison', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Centre for Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush EH25 9RG, UK', 'Independent Scientific Group on Cattle TB, c/o Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs, 1A Page Street, London SW1P 4PQ, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Centre for Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush EH25 9RG, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I98677209']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Independent Scientific Group on Cattle TB, c/o Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs, 1A Page Street, London SW1P 4PQ, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1326803253']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5047081271', 'display_name': 'Lisa C. Pope', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1791-3979'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I91136226', 'display_name': 'University of Sheffield', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05krs5044', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I91136226']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Lisa C. Pope', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I91136226']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 7, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5070834734'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1326803253', 'https://openalex.org/I1321067030'], 'apc_list': {'value': 3400, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3400, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 3.285, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 53, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999965, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 94, 'max': 95}, 'biblio': {'volume': '78', 'issue': '4', 'first_page': '818', 'last_page': '827'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11316', 'display_name': 'Mycobacterium research and diagnosis', 'score': 0.997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2713', 'display_name': 'Epidemiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11316', 'display_name': 'Mycobacterium research and diagnosis', 'score': 0.997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2713', 'display_name': 'Epidemiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10199', 'display_name': 'Wildlife Ecology and Conservation', 'score': 0.9925, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2303', 'display_name': 'Ecology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11560', 'display_name': 'Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology', 'score': 0.9822, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1102', 'display_name': 'Agronomy and Crop Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/meles', 'display_name': 'Meles', 'score': 0.99573946}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/culling', 'display_name': 'Culling', 'score': 0.77387124}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777146433', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638105', 'display_name': 'Badger', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.9982197}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780423500', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1345042', 'display_name': 'Meles', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.99573946}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C52991690', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1740042', 'display_name': 'Culling', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.77387124}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778497218', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133447', 'display_name': 'Mycobacterium bovis', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.67465025}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.6161997}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2908647359', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603', 'display_name': 'Population', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.48627007}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C42972112', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201', 'display_name': 'Veterinary medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.45855516}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C149923435', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732', 'display_name': 'Demography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4380897}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C761482', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093', 'display_name': 'Transmission (telecommunications)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4123365}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.40885773}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C90856448', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431', 'display_name': 'Zoology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3697548}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781069245', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12204', 'display_name': 'Tuberculosis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.1715304}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.1350494}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C194775826', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209542', 'display_name': 'Herd', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142724271', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208', 'display_name': 'Pathology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144024400', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201', 'display_name': 'Sociology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777975735', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130971', 'display_name': 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C119599485', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035', 'display_name': 'Electrical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D045969', 'descriptor_name': 'Mustelidae', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009163', 'descriptor_name': 'Mycobacterium bovis', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012919', 'descriptor_name': 'Social Behavior', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014376', 'descriptor_name': 'Tuberculosis', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000662', 'qualifier_name': 'veterinary', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001522', 'descriptor_name': 'Behavior, Animal', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001835', 'descriptor_name': 'Body Weight', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D017753', 'descriptor_name': 'Ecosystem', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005260', 'descriptor_name': 'Female', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D054884', 'descriptor_name': 'Host-Pathogen Interactions', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011157', 'descriptor_name': 'Population Dynamics', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015995', 'descriptor_name': 'Prevalence', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013997', 'descriptor_name': 'Time Factors', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014376', 'descriptor_name': 'Tuberculosis', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2009.01545.x', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2009.01545.x', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S33456383', 'display_name': 'Journal of Animal Ecology', 'issn_l': '0021-8790', 'issn': ['0021-8790', '1365-2656'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/15275/6/strathprints015275.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/15275/6/strathprints015275.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402226', 'display_name': 'Strathprints: The University of Strathclyde institutional repository (University of Strathclyde)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I181647926', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Strathclyde', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I181647926'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Strathclyde'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'acceptedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19486382', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2009.01545.x', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2009.01545.x', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S33456383', 'display_name': 'Journal of Animal Ecology', 'issn_l': '0021-8790', 'issn': ['0021-8790', '1365-2656'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.81, 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 59, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1274968931', 'https://openalex.org/W1502700877', 'https://openalex.org/W1502820646', 'https://openalex.org/W1562292880', 'https://openalex.org/W1963552801', 'https://openalex.org/W1973214225', 'https://openalex.org/W1973576982', 'https://openalex.org/W1976019646', 'https://openalex.org/W1977616414', 'https://openalex.org/W1990274329', 'https://openalex.org/W1991522909', 'https://openalex.org/W1991927363', 'https://openalex.org/W2009897288', 'https://openalex.org/W2010580288', 'https://openalex.org/W2011197043', 'https://openalex.org/W2012447358', 'https://openalex.org/W2013023971', 'https://openalex.org/W2024882080', 'https://openalex.org/W2025122973', 'https://openalex.org/W2025374510', 'https://openalex.org/W2025431369', 'https://openalex.org/W2026006507', 'https://openalex.org/W2029750958', 'https://openalex.org/W2031832579', 'https://openalex.org/W2055840679', 'https://openalex.org/W2059655508', 'https://openalex.org/W2067193005', 'https://openalex.org/W2067847396', 'https://openalex.org/W2071041907', 'https://openalex.org/W2071263235', 'https://openalex.org/W2074697333', 'https://openalex.org/W2080190419', 'https://openalex.org/W2082874431', 'https://openalex.org/W2083873220', 'https://openalex.org/W2084872053', 'https://openalex.org/W2085332034', 'https://openalex.org/W2087109989', 'https://openalex.org/W2104119843', 'https://openalex.org/W2105343930', 'https://openalex.org/W2106063238', 'https://openalex.org/W2106506027', 'https://openalex.org/W2112305438', 'https://openalex.org/W2115520622', 'https://openalex.org/W2120196564', 'https://openalex.org/W2121822753', 'https://openalex.org/W2127047327', 'https://openalex.org/W2133101271', 'https://openalex.org/W2138660012', 'https://openalex.org/W2144800765', 'https://openalex.org/W2146537663', 'https://openalex.org/W2148348477', 'https://openalex.org/W2149667190', 'https://openalex.org/W2169222380', 'https://openalex.org/W2312717323', 'https://openalex.org/W2327496335', 'https://openalex.org/W2373446899', 'https://openalex.org/W2511263454', 'https://openalex.org/W2764433274', 'https://openalex.org/W4388325454'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4288085196', 'https://openalex.org/W2979973876', 'https://openalex.org/W2558530093', 'https://openalex.org/W2146537663', 'https://openalex.org/W2133101271', 'https://openalex.org/W2115520622', 'https://openalex.org/W2041888157', 'https://openalex.org/W2025431369', 'https://openalex.org/W1994613131', 'https://openalex.org/W19451876'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'1.': [0], 'In': [1], 'most': [2], 'social': [3, 80, 101], 'animals,': [4], 'the': [5, 38, 58, 61, 138, 141, 182, 204, 219], 'prevalence': [6, 69, 84, 110, 149, 197], 'of': [7, 26, 60, 140, 148, 162, 184, 207, 221], 'directly': [8], 'transmitted': [9], 'pathogens': [10], 'increases': [11], 'in': [12, 30, 53, 78, 126, 154], 'larger': [13], 'groups': [14, 156, 186], 'and': [15, 43, 77, 111], 'at': [16, 57, 73, 200, 229], 'higher': [17, 72, 87], 'population': [18, 202], 'densities.': [19], 'Such': [20], 'patterns': [21], 'are': [22, 168, 177], 'predicted': [23], 'by': [24, 122, 190], 'models': [25], 'Mycobacterium': [27], 'bovis': [28, 45, 68, 83, 109, 196, 223], 'infection': [29], 'European': [31], 'badgers': [32, 52, 89, 153, 209], '(Meles': [33], 'meles).': [34], '2.': [35], 'We': [36], 'investigated': [37], 'relationship': [39], 'between': [40, 106], 'badger': [41, 75, 113, 231, 238, 244], 'abundance': [42], 'M.': [44, 67, 82, 108, 195, 222], 'prevalence,': [46], 'using': [47], 'data': [48, 167, 176], 'on': [49, 133, 237, 243], '2696': [50], 'adult': [51], '10': [54], 'populations': [55], 'sampled': [56], 'start': [59, 139], 'Randomized': [62], 'Badger': [63], 'Culling': [64], 'Trial.': [65], '3.': [66], 'was': [70, 85, 198, 210], 'consistently': [71], 'low': [74], 'densities': [76], 'small': [79, 112], 'groups.': [81, 102], 'also': [86], 'among': [88], 'whose': [90], 'genetic': [91], 'profiles': [92], 'suggested': [93], 'that': [94, 218], 'they': [95], 'had': [96, 130], 'immigrated': [97], 'into': [98], 'their': [99], 'assigned': [100], '4.': [103], 'The': [104, 145], 'association': [105], 'high': [107, 201, 230], 'group': [114], 'size': [115, 183], 'appeared': [116], 'not': [117, 215], 'to': [118, 170, 179, 225], 'have': [119], 'been': [120, 131], 'caused': [121], 'previous': [123], 'small-scale': [124], 'culling': [125], 'study': [127], 'areas,': [128], 'which': [129], 'suspended,': [132], 'average,': [134], '5': [135], 'years': [136], 'before': [137], 'current': [142], 'study.': [143], '5.': [144], 'observed': [146], 'pattern': [147], 'might': [150, 187], 'occur': [151], 'through': [152], 'smaller': [155], 'interacting': [157], 'more': [158], 'frequently': [159], 'with': [160], 'members': [161], 'neighbouring': [163], 'groups;': [164], 'detailed': [165], 'behavioural': [166], 'needed': [169, 178], 'test': [171], 'this': [172, 213], 'hypothesis.': [173], 'Likewise,': [174], 'longitudinal': [175], 'determine': [180], 'whether': [181], 'infected': [185, 208], 'be': [188], 'suppressed': [189], 'disease-related': [191], 'mortality.': [192], '6.': [193], 'Although': [194], 'lower': [199], 'densities,': [203, 232], 'absolute': [205], 'number': [206], 'higher.': [211], 'However,': [212], 'does': [214], 'necessarily': [216], 'mean': [217], 'risk': [220, 235], 'transmission': [224, 234], 'cattle': [226], 'is': [227], 'highest': [228], 'since': [233], 'depends': [236], 'behaviour': [239], 'as': [240, 242], 'well': [241], 'density.': [245]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2000948410', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 6}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-09T03:52:39.940909', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}