Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1989316750', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9525(97)01112-8', 'title': 'Genetic dissection of the function of mammalian P-glycoproteins', 'display_name': 'Genetic dissection of the function of mammalian P-glycoproteins', 'publication_year': 1997, 'publication_date': '1997-06-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1989316750', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9525(97)01112-8', 'mag': '1989316750', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9196326'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9525(97)01112-8', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S139283865', 'display_name': 'Trends in Genetics', 'issn_l': '0168-9525', 'issn': ['0168-9525', '1362-4555'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'https://pure.uva.nl/ws/files/3656199/3309_30500y.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5060054431', 'display_name': 'Piet Borst', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2527-9541'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2898336195', 'display_name': 'The Netherlands Cancer Institute', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03xqtf034', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2898336195']}], 'countries': ['NL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Piet Borst', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Department of Molecular Biology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Department of Molecular Biology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2898336195']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5045217576', 'display_name': 'Alfred H. Schinkel', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4215-8602'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['NL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Alfred H. Schinkel', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Experimental Therapy, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Experimental Therapy, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands', 'institution_ids': []}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 6830, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 6830, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 2.963, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 122, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.848365, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 96, 'max': 97}, 'biblio': {'volume': '13', 'issue': '6', 'first_page': '217', 'last_page': '222'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10570', 'display_name': 'Mechanisms of Multidrug Resistance in Cancer', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2730', 'display_name': 'Oncology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10570', 'display_name': 'Mechanisms of Multidrug Resistance in Cancer', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2730', 'display_name': 'Oncology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11193', 'display_name': 'Molecular Physiology of Purinergic Signalling', 'score': 0.9921, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1314', 'display_name': 'Physiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12229', 'display_name': 'Prenatal Exposure to Antiepileptic Drugs', 'score': 0.9835, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2735', 'display_name': 'Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/p-glycoprotein', 'display_name': 'P-glycoprotein', 'score': 0.610772}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/membrane-glycoproteins', 'display_name': 'Membrane glycoproteins', 'score': 0.5593763}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/atp-dependent-transporters', 'display_name': 'ATP-dependent Transporters', 'score': 0.516531}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C108625454', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187126', 'display_name': 'Glycoprotein', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.80601597}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778707650', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q412902', 'display_name': 'P-glycoprotein', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.7654455}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.7581674}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C44312359', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286958', 'display_name': 'ATP-binding cassette transporter', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.61328834}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777459641', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6815130', 'display_name': 'Membrane glycoproteins', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5593763}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C149011108', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q652985', 'display_name': 'Transporter', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5200117}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95444343', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141', 'display_name': 'Cell biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.51338637}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47668648}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.42111355}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144647389', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423042', 'display_name': 'Membrane protein', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.42076764}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C14036430', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076', 'display_name': 'Function (biology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41207123}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C133936738', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q643839', 'display_name': 'Multiple drug resistance', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.23031181}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41625074', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088', 'display_name': 'Membrane', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.16397709}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C501593827', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187', 'display_name': 'Antibiotics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D020168', 'descriptor_name': 'ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004351', 'descriptor_name': 'Drug Resistance', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008322', 'descriptor_name': 'Mammals', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020168', 'descriptor_name': 'ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020168', 'descriptor_name': 'ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000145', 'qualifier_name': 'classification', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020168', 'descriptor_name': 'ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001665', 'descriptor_name': 'Binding Sites', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001692', 'descriptor_name': 'Biological Transport', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018118', 'descriptor_name': 'Chloride Channels', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018118', 'descriptor_name': 'Chloride Channels', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004351', 'descriptor_name': 'Drug Resistance', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008322', 'descriptor_name': 'Mammals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D051379', 'descriptor_name': 'Mice', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018345', 'descriptor_name': 'Mice, Knockout', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018345', 'descriptor_name': 'Mice, Knockout', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004364', 'descriptor_name': 'Pharmaceutical Preparations', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004364', 'descriptor_name': 'Pharmaceutical Preparations', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013379', 'descriptor_name': 'Substrate Specificity', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9525(97)01112-8', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S139283865', 'display_name': 'Trends in Genetics', 'issn_l': '0168-9525', 'issn': ['0168-9525', '1362-4555'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://dare.uva.nl/personal/pure/en/publications/genetic-dissection-of-the-function-of-mammalian-pglycoproteins(6e1c365d-7af3-417c-a903-1895ac5e907b).html', 'pdf_url': 'https://pure.uva.nl/ws/files/3656199/3309_30500y.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401843', 'display_name': 'Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1322597698', 'host_organization_name': 'Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1322597698'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9196326', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://dare.uva.nl/personal/pure/en/publications/genetic-dissection-of-the-function-of-mammalian-pglycoproteins(6e1c365d-7af3-417c-a903-1895ac5e907b).html', 'pdf_url': 'https://pure.uva.nl/ws/files/3656199/3309_30500y.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401843', 'display_name': 'Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1322597698', 'host_organization_name': 'Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1322597698'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'score': 0.54, 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 42, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1565651933', 'https://openalex.org/W1583339960', 'https://openalex.org/W1587030064', 'https://openalex.org/W1598654033', 'https://openalex.org/W1599388734', 'https://openalex.org/W1647833960', 'https://openalex.org/W1779791888', 'https://openalex.org/W1963552073', 'https://openalex.org/W1988624235', 'https://openalex.org/W1990478344', 'https://openalex.org/W1994265289', 'https://openalex.org/W1996845076', 'https://openalex.org/W2009007332', 'https://openalex.org/W2012927537', 'https://openalex.org/W2019702811', 'https://openalex.org/W2021759214', 'https://openalex.org/W2028331415', 'https://openalex.org/W2028533496', 'https://openalex.org/W2036427777', 'https://openalex.org/W2039151526', 'https://openalex.org/W2039864751', 'https://openalex.org/W2046338633', 'https://openalex.org/W2058344808', 'https://openalex.org/W2071855867', 'https://openalex.org/W2077008338', 'https://openalex.org/W2078364405', 'https://openalex.org/W2082064626', 'https://openalex.org/W2090841445', 'https://openalex.org/W2102744264', 'https://openalex.org/W2106386139', 'https://openalex.org/W2112001901', 'https://openalex.org/W2119468178', 'https://openalex.org/W2144648087', 'https://openalex.org/W2162097287', 'https://openalex.org/W2166628294', 'https://openalex.org/W2168399625', 'https://openalex.org/W2169212793', 'https://openalex.org/W2172134989', 'https://openalex.org/W2177086111', 'https://openalex.org/W2226301921', 'https://openalex.org/W2464403712', 'https://openalex.org/W4211055428'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W417464355', 'https://openalex.org/W319135923', 'https://openalex.org/W2493271536', 'https://openalex.org/W2464403712', 'https://openalex.org/W2322700080', 'https://openalex.org/W2110256990', 'https://openalex.org/W2083808039', 'https://openalex.org/W2022470615', 'https://openalex.org/W1989316750', 'https://openalex.org/W1987640598'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Mammalian': [0], 'P-glycoproteins': [1, 54, 105], 'are': [2, 25], 'plasma': [3, 119], 'membrane': [4], 'proteins': [5], 'belonging': [6], 'to': [7, 36, 72, 77, 113], 'the': [8, 38, 52, 61, 83, 93, 101, 111, 114, 118], 'superfamily': [9], 'of': [10, 43, 45, 48, 65, 89, 117], 'ATP-binding': [11], 'cassette': [12], 'transporters.': [13], 'They': [14], 'were': [15], 'discovered': [16], 'as': [17], 'drug': [18], 'pumps': [19], 'in': [20, 28, 55, 81, 86], 'multidrug-resistant': [21], 'cancer': [22], 'cells,': [23], 'but': [24, 68], 'also': [26], 'present': [27], 'many': [29, 73], 'normal': [30, 62], 'tissues.': [31], 'Genetic': [32], 'approaches': [33], 'have': [34], 'helped': [35], 'dissect': [37], 'physiological': [39], 'functions': [40], 'and': [41, 85], 'mode': [42], 'action': [44], 'P-glycoproteins.': [46], 'Disruption': [47], 'both': [49], 'genes': [50], 'for': [51], 'drug-transporting': [53, 104], 'mice': [56], 'has': [57], 'no': [58], 'effect': [59], 'on': [60], 'sheltered': [63], 'life': [64], 'these': [66], 'mice,': [67], 'renders': [69], 'them': [70], 'hypersensitive': [71], 'drugs.': [74], 'P-glycoprotein': [75], 'appears': [76], 'be': [78], 'especially': [79], 'important': [80], 'protecting': [82], 'brain': [84], 'limiting': [87], 'uptake': [88], 'hydrophobic': [90], 'drugs': [91, 109], 'from': [92, 110], 'gut.': [94], 'Recent': [95], 'experiments': [96], 'with': [97], 'polarized': [98], 'cells': [99], 'support': [100], 'idea': [102], 'that': [103], 'act': [106], 'by': [107], 'flipping': [108], 'inner': [112], 'outer': [115], 'leaflet': [116], 'membrane.': [120]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1989316750', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-08-15T04:46:12.715710', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}