Abstract: The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 include funding provisions to support the development and implementation of many of the provisions in the legislation. This article describes the timing and phasing of the funding. The article does not cover changes in the tax laws (i.e., the small business tax credits) or mandatory expansion of entitlement programs (i.e., the Medicaid expansion of individuals up to 133% of the federal poverty level (FPL) or the phasing out of the Medicare Part D donut hole). Rather, this article is intended to provide information about new funding opportunities that may be made available to North Carolina or to specific organizations within the state. This article is divided into 10 sections: insurance reform; Medicare, Medicaid, and the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP); prevention; health professional workforce training and support; quality; testing new models of care; safety net; long-term care, aging, and disability; malpractice; and Indian Health Services. It is important to distinguish between appropriations and authorizations. If the provision includes a direct appropriation (or transfers funds from one program to another), it means that Congress included funds to support the specific initiative in the health reform legislation. On the other hand, if Congress only authorized the specific provision, it means that Congress will need to appropriate funds sometime in the future to support the initiative. An authorization gives some indication of the intent of Congress to support a program, but it is not the same as a direct appropriation. The following sections give a brief description of potential funding opportunities. In most instances, Congress appropriated funding (or authorized new programs) within the US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). The actual program rules, as well as application or request for proposals, will be issued by the various DHHS agencies. Groups interested in potential funding to keep track of grant opportunities should check the federal grants website at http://www. grants.gov.