Title: A method for the design of optimal transport strategies which incorporates land use development over time
Abstract: A methodology is presented for the design of optimal land use and transport strategies, and the results for a case study of Edinburgh are presented. The concept is to connect a state-of-the-art transport policy appraisal framework with a dynamic land use and transport interaction model and an automated optimisation technique. The design of the methodology and and its constituent models is described. The appraisal framework includes the objectives for transport strategies, the cost benefit analysis-based approach, and the indicator / target approach. Three policy istruments were identified for use in Edinburgh: public transport fare changes, public transport frequency changes, and cordon charges (road pricing). One of the models also considered road capacity improvement. Policies were modelled for 2006 and 2016. Either the whole policy strategy should be self-financing, or the public transport opreator should at least break even. The optimal unconstrained solution consists of a 5% increase in road capacity across the whole study area, increases in public transport frequencies which increase over time, and the introduction of peak period cordon charges which also increase over time. With financial constraints, there is no problem if the whole strategy is self-financing, but the public transport operator otherwise makes a loss. Increased road capacity is important to make the pulbic transport reliable and increase usage and the fares collected. In a scenario with public transport fares reduced by 50%, pulbic transport frequencies are higher and usage increases. Reduced fares and road capacity changes expalin 80% of the result. If the objective was to ensure that the public transport operator breaks even, fare reductions could be only 5%. The consequences of these strategies are discussed.
Publication Year: 2004
Publication Date: 2004-11-01
Language: en
Type: article
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