Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W576098699', 'doi': None, 'title': 'WEST COAST UPGRADE -- GRAPPLING WITH UNCERTAINTY /', 'display_name': 'WEST COAST UPGRADE -- GRAPPLING WITH UNCERTAINTY /', 'publication_year': 1994, 'publication_date': '1994-10-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W576098699', 'mag': '576098699'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://trid.trb.org/view/552956', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764409356', 'display_name': 'Modern railways', 'issn_l': '0026-8356', 'issn': ['0026-8356'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310321298', 'host_organization_name': 'Key Publishing', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310321298'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Key Publishing'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': [], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5073479177', 'display_name': 'Roger Ford', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Roger Ford', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5073479177'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 0, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.0, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 0, 'max': 53}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12698', 'display_name': 'Applications of 3D City Models', 'score': 0.3547, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2215', 'display_name': 'Building and Construction'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12698', 'display_name': 'Applications of 3D City Models', 'score': 0.3547, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2215', 'display_name': 'Building and Construction'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10647', 'display_name': 'Coastal Dynamics and Climate Change Impacts', 'score': 0.3264, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1904', 'display_name': 'Earth-Surface Processes'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/upgrade', 'display_name': 'Upgrade', 'score': 0.88666594}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/west-coast', 'display_name': 'West coast', 'score': 0.5722924}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/coastal-dynamics', 'display_name': 'Coastal Dynamics', 'score': 0.541143}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/coastal-vulnerability', 'display_name': 'Coastal Vulnerability', 'score': 0.540689}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/shoreline-change', 'display_name': 'Shoreline Change', 'score': 0.508737}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780615140', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q920419', 'display_name': 'Upgrade', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.88666594}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C3019450321', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q248610', 'display_name': 'West coast', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5722924}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C39432304', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847', 'display_name': 'Environmental science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.38224345}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.3819798}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C22212356', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325', 'display_name': 'Transport engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3798851}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144133560', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453', 'display_name': 'Business', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.3554139}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C147176958', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590', 'display_name': 'Civil engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.33203518}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C21547014', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657', 'display_name': 'Operations management', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3277158}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127313418', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069', 'display_name': 'Geology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.23036385}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.1937168}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111368507', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518', 'display_name': 'Oceanography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.14726713}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111919701', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135', 'display_name': 'Operating system', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://trid.trb.org/view/552956', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764409356', 'display_name': 'Modern railways', 'issn_l': '0026-8356', 'issn': ['0026-8356'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310321298', 'host_organization_name': 'Key Publishing', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310321298'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Key Publishing'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.73, 'display_name': 'Climate action', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W836152371', 'https://openalex.org/W819288992', 'https://openalex.org/W791735051', 'https://openalex.org/W642061938', 'https://openalex.org/W633975870', 'https://openalex.org/W610300956', 'https://openalex.org/W609246450', 'https://openalex.org/W608274127', 'https://openalex.org/W602310941', 'https://openalex.org/W578752055', 'https://openalex.org/W578359735', 'https://openalex.org/W569573642', 'https://openalex.org/W562828727', 'https://openalex.org/W562399391', 'https://openalex.org/W2883065490', 'https://openalex.org/W2788145388', 'https://openalex.org/W2600370864', 'https://openalex.org/W2305581957', 'https://openalex.org/W2208840109', 'https://openalex.org/W2075774497'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W576098699', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-09-24T00:43:15.995128', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}