Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W50121050', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-8176-8382-5_1', 'title': 'Definitions and General Properties', 'display_name': 'Definitions and General Properties', 'publication_year': 2013, 'publication_date': '2013-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W50121050', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-8176-8382-5_1', 'mag': '50121050'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-8176-8382-5_1', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463937', 'display_name': 'Springer eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'book-chapter', 'type_crossref': 'book-chapter', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5039596157', 'display_name': 'A. A. Kirillov', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I79576946', 'display_name': 'University of Pennsylvania', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00b30xv10', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I79576946']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'A. A. Kirillov', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['#N# * University of Pennsylvania.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': '#N# * University of Pennsylvania.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I79576946']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5039596157'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I79576946'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 1, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.0, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 65, 'max': 72}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': '3', 'last_page': '17'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10588', 'display_name': 'Dynamical Systems and Chaos Theory', 'score': 0.982, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2610', 'display_name': 'Mathematical Physics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/26', 'display_name': 'Mathematics'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10588', 'display_name': 'Dynamical Systems and Chaos Theory', 'score': 0.982, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2610', 'display_name': 'Mathematical Physics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/26', 'display_name': 'Mathematics'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12002', 'display_name': 'Computational Complexity and Algorithmic Information Theory', 'score': 0.9251, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1703', 'display_name': 'Computational Theory and Mathematics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/packing-dimension', 'display_name': 'Packing dimension', 'score': 0.6057979}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/outer-measure', 'display_name': 'Outer measure', 'score': 0.519259}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/fractal-dimension', 'display_name': 'Fractal Dimension', 'score': 0.514373}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/hausdorff-distance', 'display_name': 'Hausdorff distance', 'score': 0.46955803}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/effective-dimension', 'display_name': 'Effective dimension', 'score': 0.46356142}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/paracompact-space', 'display_name': 'Paracompact space', 'score': 0.4572146}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C73225184', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1591095', 'display_name': 'Hausdorff measure', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8131915}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C194198291', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q565186', 'display_name': 'Hausdorff dimension', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7765434}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C27176706', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663365', 'display_name': 'Sierpinski triangle', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7118971}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.6540275}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C198043062', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180953', 'display_name': 'Metric space', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6396844}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C84496893', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135782', 'display_name': 'Urysohn and completely Hausdorff spaces', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.62147653}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C80661125', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5404299', 'display_name': 'Packing dimension', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.6057979}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C66882249', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169336', 'display_name': 'Homogeneous', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5907204}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C40636538', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81392', 'display_name': 'Fractal', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5879715}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C36605576', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273188', 'display_name': 'Cantor set', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.522058}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C143924541', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q258374', 'display_name': 'Outer measure', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.519259}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778572836', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933', 'display_name': 'Space (punctuation)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.49497885}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C202444582', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863', 'display_name': 'Pure mathematics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.48085696}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C141898687', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501997', 'display_name': 'Hausdorff distance', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46955803}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C115311070', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5347255', 'display_name': 'Effective dimension', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.46356142}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C101597101', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2555655', 'display_name': 'Minkowski–Bouligand dimension', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.4633022}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C21688789', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970119', 'display_name': 'Paracompact space', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4572146}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C191399826', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q326908', 'display_name': 'Hausdorff space', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45481738}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780009758', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172', 'display_name': 'Measure (data warehouse)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44892687}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18648836', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381892', 'display_name': 'Compact space', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.43111402}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C26546657', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412452', 'display_name': 'Fractal dimension', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.34407508}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134306372', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754', 'display_name': 'Mathematical analysis', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.31388643}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C114614502', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592', 'display_name': 'Combinatorics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.20675012}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.1434311}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C124101348', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491', 'display_name': 'Data mining', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.044234216}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111919701', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135', 'display_name': 'Operating system', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-8176-8382-5_1', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463937', 'display_name': 'Springer eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 1, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2800860906'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4294437888', 'https://openalex.org/W3198937257', 'https://openalex.org/W3196944450', 'https://openalex.org/W2601184729', 'https://openalex.org/W2490938183', 'https://openalex.org/W2379390434', 'https://openalex.org/W2372633393', 'https://openalex.org/W2370474301', 'https://openalex.org/W2140982806', 'https://openalex.org/W1756332'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W50121050', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-09-19T02:26:30.150645', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}