Abstract:<strong class="journal-contentHeaderColor">Abstract.</strong> Ozone in the troposphere is a greenhouse gas and a pollutant, hence, additional understanding of the drivers of tropospheric ozone evoluti...<strong class="journal-contentHeaderColor">Abstract.</strong> Ozone in the troposphere is a greenhouse gas and a pollutant, hence, additional understanding of the drivers of tropospheric ozone evolution is essential. The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a main climate mode and may contribute to the variations of tropospheric ozone. Nevertheless, there is uncertainty regarding the causal influences of ENSO on tropospheric ozone under warming environment. Here, we investigated the links between ENSO and tropospheric ozone using Coupled Modeling Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) data over the period 1850–2014. Our results show that ENSO impacts on tropospheric ozone are primarily found over oceans, while the signature of ENSO over continents is largely nonsignificant. The response of ozone to ENSO may vary depending on specific air pressure levels in the troposphere. These responses are weak in the middle troposphere and are stronger in the upper and lower troposphere. Although there are biases in simulating the signature of ENSO on surface ozone, these signatures in the middle and upper troposphere appear to be more consistent across CMIP6 models. While the response of tropical tropospheric ozone to ENSO is in agreement with previous works, our results suggest that ENSO impacts on tropospheric ozone of the mid-latitude regions over the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian oceans might be more significant than previously understood.Read More