Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W4387723305', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.22259/2637-5893.0202003', 'title': 'Policy Flaws and Kidnapping for Ransom in Nigeria', 'display_name': 'Policy Flaws and Kidnapping for Ransom in Nigeria', 'publication_year': 2019, 'publication_date': '2019-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W4387723305', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.22259/2637-5893.0202003'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.22259/2637-5893.0202003', 'pdf_url': 'https://sryahwapublications.com/article/download/2637-5893.0202003', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4387290253', 'display_name': 'Journal of Law and Judicial System', 'issn_l': '2637-5893', 'issn': ['2637-5893'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'hybrid', 'oa_url': 'https://sryahwapublications.com/article/download/2637-5893.0202003', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5093081055', 'display_name': 'EGBEGI Friday Raphael', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I131561025', 'display_name': 'Enugu State University of Science and Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04ntynb59', 'country_code': 'NG', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I131561025']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I11892038', 'display_name': 'University of Nigeria', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01sn1yx84', 'country_code': 'NG', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I11892038']}], 'countries': ['NG'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'EGBEGI Friday Raphael', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [' Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria', 'Social Science Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu State, Nigeria'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': ' Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I131561025']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Social Science Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu State, Nigeria', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I11892038']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5090660141', 'display_name': 'Onyejegbu Dominic Chukwuemeka', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I131561025', 'display_name': 'Enugu State University of Science and Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04ntynb59', 'country_code': 'NG', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I131561025']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I11892038', 'display_name': 'University of Nigeria', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01sn1yx84', 'country_code': 'NG', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I11892038']}], 'countries': ['NG'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Onyejegbu Dominic Chukwuemeka', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [' Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria', 'Social Science Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu State, Nigeria'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': ' Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I131561025']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Social Science Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu State, Nigeria', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I11892038']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5068353696', 'display_name': 'Chinweze Uzochukwu C', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I11892038', 'display_name': 'University of Nigeria', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01sn1yx84', 'country_code': 'NG', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I11892038']}], 'countries': ['NG'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Chinweze Uzochukwu C', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Social Science Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu State, Nigeria'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Social Science Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu State, Nigeria', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I11892038']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 1, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.858141, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 61, 'max': 69}, 'biblio': {'volume': '2', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '23', 'last_page': '28'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T14228', 'display_name': 'Religion and Sociopolitical Dynamics in Nigeria', 'score': 0.8897, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3300', 'display_name': 'General Social Sciences'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T14228', 'display_name': 'Religion and Sociopolitical Dynamics in Nigeria', 'score': 0.8897, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3300', 'display_name': 'General Social Sciences'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T14111', 'display_name': 'Diverse Research Studies Overview', 'score': 0.8794, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3312', 'display_name': 'Sociology and Political Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12985', 'display_name': 'Maritime Security and History', 'score': 0.8168, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3313', 'display_name': 'Transportation'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/ransom', 'display_name': 'Ransom', 'score': 0.99754}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/value', 'display_name': 'Value (mathematics)', 'score': 0.4841936}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781426709', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414572', 'display_name': 'Ransom', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.99754}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C201280247', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11032', 'display_name': 'Newspaper', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6290679}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776291640', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517', 'display_name': 'Value (mathematics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4841936}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.4694053}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C190253527', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354', 'display_name': 'Law and economics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4396973}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4235116}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.33491313}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C73484699', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733', 'display_name': 'Criminology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3305366}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144024400', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201', 'display_name': 'Sociology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.32274252}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.07187733}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C119857082', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539', 'display_name': 'Machine learning', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.22259/2637-5893.0202003', 'pdf_url': 'https://sryahwapublications.com/article/download/2637-5893.0202003', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4387290253', 'display_name': 'Journal of Law and Judicial System', 'issn_l': '2637-5893', 'issn': ['2637-5893'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.22259/2637-5893.0202003', 'pdf_url': 'https://sryahwapublications.com/article/download/2637-5893.0202003', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4387290253', 'display_name': 'Journal of Law and Judicial System', 'issn_l': '2637-5893', 'issn': ['2637-5893'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by-nc', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.81, 'display_name': 'Peace, justice, and strong institutions', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 4, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1909895296', 'https://openalex.org/W2028819632', 'https://openalex.org/W2806383172', 'https://openalex.org/W4387723224'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4387723305', 'https://openalex.org/W4296722712', 'https://openalex.org/W4247997640', 'https://openalex.org/W3211877376', 'https://openalex.org/W2756362805', 'https://openalex.org/W2519510627', 'https://openalex.org/W2389019629', 'https://openalex.org/W2365166239', 'https://openalex.org/W2317284651', 'https://openalex.org/W1590802701'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract': [0], 'This': [1, 87], 'article': [2, 50, 71, 111], 'looks': [3], 'at': [4, 119], 'policy': [5, 29, 74, 115], 'flaws': [6], 'and': [7, 13, 59, 62, 77, 91, 103, 129], 'kidnapping': [8, 23, 120], 'for': [9, 89, 114, 133], 'ransom': [10], 'in': [11, 22, 37, 83], 'Nigeria': [12, 38], 'finds': [14], 'that': [15, 42, 123], 'while': [16], 'there': [17, 25], 'has': [18], 'been': [19], 'an': [20], 'uptick': [21], 'crime,': [24], 'are': [26], 'no': [27], 'meaningful': [28], 'provisions': [30, 43], 'to': [31, 75, 94], 'end': [32], 'or': [33], 'ameliorate': [34], 'the': [35, 40, 67, 84], 'problem': [36], 'despite': [39], 'fact': [41], 'exist': [44], 'within': [45], "Nigeria's": [46], 'legal': [47], 'framework.': [48], 'The': [49, 70, 110], 'makes': [51], 'use': [52], 'of': [53], 'secondary': [54], 'data': [55], 'such': [56], 'as': [57], 'articles': [58], 'newspaper': [60], 'publications,': [61], 'is': [63, 81, 121], 'discussed': [64], 'based': [65], 'on': [66, 116], 'lifestyle': [68], 'theory.': [69], 'recommends': [72], 'good': [73], 're-engineer': [76], 'reorient': [78], 'Nigerian': [79], 'youths': [80], 'one': [82, 122], 'right': [85], 'direction.': [86], 'calls': [88, 113], 'honest': [90], 'deeper': [92], 'examination': [93], 'uncover': [95], 'those': [96], 'socio-cultural': [97], 'elements': [98], 'which': [99], 'have': [100], 'distorted,': [101], 'disoriented': [102], 'disarticulated': [104], 'our': [105], 'once': [106], 'cherished': [107], 'value': [108], 'system.': [109], 'also': [112], 'sanction': [117], 'directed': [118], 'should': [124], 'be': [125], 'approached': [126], 'both': [127], 'coolly': [128], 'dispassionately.': [130], 'Keywords:': [131], 'Kidnapping': [132], 'ransom,': [134], 'Policy': [135], 'flaws,': [136], 'Re-engineer,': [137], 'Reorient,': [138], 'Sanction.': [139]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4387723305', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-05T11:14:31.737421', 'created_date': '2023-10-18'}