Abstract:This chapter begins by outlining definitions of acids and bases based on Johannes N. Brønsted and Gilbert N. Lewis. Substances that taste sour have long been known as acids. Bases, on the other hand, ...This chapter begins by outlining definitions of acids and bases based on Johannes N. Brønsted and Gilbert N. Lewis. Substances that taste sour have long been known as acids. Bases, on the other hand, are compounds which counteract or neutralize acids. The chapter then reviews the dissociation of a Brønsted acid in aqueous solution. It also presents the two important properties of buffer solutions. First, they allow us to prepare an aqueous solution of a desired pH using a weak acid and its conjugate base (a salt of the acid). The second important property of a buffer solution is that its pH will remain approximately constant if relatively small amounts of a further acid or base are added. Next, the chapter focuses on the factors which affect acid and base strengths. It also analyzes the basicity of organic compounds and the solvent effects on acid-base reactions.Read More
Publication Year: 2013
Publication Date: 2013-11-07
Language: en
Type: book-chapter
Indexed In: ['crossref']
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