Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W4381996238', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-11774-7', 'title': 'Investigation of die designs on welding quality and billet material utilisation for multi-container extrusion of wide stiffened aluminium panels', 'display_name': 'Investigation of die designs on welding quality and billet material utilisation for multi-container extrusion of wide stiffened aluminium panels', 'publication_year': 2023, 'publication_date': '2023-06-23', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W4381996238', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-11774-7'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-11774-7', 'pdf_url': 'https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00170-023-11774-7.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S77056576', 'display_name': 'The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology', 'issn_l': '0268-3768', 'issn': ['0268-3768', '1433-3015'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'hybrid', 'oa_url': 'https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00170-023-11774-7.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100442984', 'display_name': 'Zhe Zhang', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3942-3102'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I47508984', 'display_name': 'Imperial College London', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/041kmwe10', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I47508984']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Zhe Zhang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I47508984']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5101994856', 'display_name': 'Wenbin Zhou', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1855-0134'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I177639307', 'display_name': 'University of Dundee', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03h2bxq36', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I177639307']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Wenbin Zhou', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HN, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HN, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I177639307']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5038863557', 'display_name': 'Zhusheng Shi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3640-3958'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I47508984', 'display_name': 'Imperial College London', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/041kmwe10', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I47508984']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Zhusheng Shi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I47508984']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5042147140', 'display_name': 'Jianguo Lin', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1658-615X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I47508984', 'display_name': 'Imperial College London', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/041kmwe10', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I47508984']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Jianguo Lin', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I47508984']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5101994856'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I177639307'], 'apc_list': {'value': 2790, 'currency': 'EUR', 'value_usd': 3590, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 2790, 'currency': 'EUR', 'value_usd': 3590, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 2.629, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 6, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.99995, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 92, 'max': 93}, 'biblio': {'volume': '127', 'issue': '9-10', 'first_page': '4149', 'last_page': '4162'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10670', 'display_name': 'Aluminum Alloy Microstructure Properties', 'score': 0.9987, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2202', 'display_name': 'Aerospace Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10670', 'display_name': 'Aluminum Alloy Microstructure Properties', 'score': 0.9987, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2202', 'display_name': 'Aerospace Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10700', 'display_name': 'Metal Forming Simulation Techniques', 'score': 0.9981, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2210', 'display_name': 'Mechanical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10723', 'display_name': 'Advanced Welding Techniques Analysis', 'score': 0.9975, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2210', 'display_name': 'Mechanical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/material-flow', 'display_name': 'Material Flow', 'score': 0.68331444}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778958987', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139143', 'display_name': 'Extrusion', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.95621693}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C19474535', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131172', 'display_name': 'Welding', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.76379925}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111106434', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1072430', 'display_name': 'Die (integrated circuit)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.68793863}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C183906286', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4284762', 'display_name': 'Material flow', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.68331444}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C513153333', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663', 'display_name': 'Aluminium', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.58908653}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C192562407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736', 'display_name': 'Materials science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5749761}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779372316', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569057', 'display_name': 'Stiffness', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46380094}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781018962', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164884', 'display_name': 'Container (type theory)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46358678}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C78519656', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333', 'display_name': 'Mechanical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.45567498}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C191897082', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467', 'display_name': 'Metallurgy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4162858}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159985019', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790', 'display_name': 'Composite material', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.39660782}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.29243624}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-11774-7', 'pdf_url': 'https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00170-023-11774-7.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S77056576', 'display_name': 'The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology', 'issn_l': '0268-3768', 'issn': ['0268-3768', '1433-3015'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-11774-7', 'pdf_url': 'https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00170-023-11774-7.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S77056576', 'display_name': 'The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology', 'issn_l': '0268-3768', 'issn': ['0268-3768', '1433-3015'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Life below water', 'score': 0.82, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14'}], 'grants': [{'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320334627', 'funder_display_name': 'Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council', 'award_id': 'EP/S019111/1'}, {'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320334627', 'funder_display_name': 'Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council', 'award_id': 'EP/R001715/1'}], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 32, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1855719551', 'https://openalex.org/W1983417955', 'https://openalex.org/W1987061618', 'https://openalex.org/W1989754526', 'https://openalex.org/W2002413047', 'https://openalex.org/W2004094429', 'https://openalex.org/W2005321406', 'https://openalex.org/W2038236101', 'https://openalex.org/W2042587756', 'https://openalex.org/W2047383088', 'https://openalex.org/W2061259261', 'https://openalex.org/W2078000251', 'https://openalex.org/W2078716307', 'https://openalex.org/W2082871863', 'https://openalex.org/W2084599020', 'https://openalex.org/W2092256574', 'https://openalex.org/W2109942321', 'https://openalex.org/W2167785896', 'https://openalex.org/W2322526829', 'https://openalex.org/W2400053966', 'https://openalex.org/W2761048039', 'https://openalex.org/W2901442835', 'https://openalex.org/W2914876263', 'https://openalex.org/W3035124700', 'https://openalex.org/W3092737766', 'https://openalex.org/W3126519184', 'https://openalex.org/W3179052098', 'https://openalex.org/W4206101007', 'https://openalex.org/W4224927324', 'https://openalex.org/W4311087678', 'https://openalex.org/W4312052294', 'https://openalex.org/W4312052542'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W900085070', 'https://openalex.org/W4365456219', 'https://openalex.org/W4312852343', 'https://openalex.org/W3179550613', 'https://openalex.org/W2388005574', 'https://openalex.org/W2381598325', 'https://openalex.org/W2377451163', 'https://openalex.org/W2355581828', 'https://openalex.org/W2353844020', 'https://openalex.org/W2044736262'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract': [0], 'Wide': [1], 'stiffened': [2, 27], 'aluminium': [3, 28], 'panels': [4], 'are': [5], 'extensively': [6], 'used': [7], 'in': [8, 55, 104, 120, 152], 'aerospace,': [9], 'marine,': [10], 'and': [11, 19, 39, 64, 115, 157, 180], 'civil': [12], 'industries': [13], 'due': [14, 147], 'to': [15, 148, 212], 'their': [16], 'light-weight': [17], 'structure': [18], 'high': [20], 'stiffness.': [21], 'In': [22], 'this': [23], 'paper,': [24], 'a': [25, 40, 121, 185], 'wide': [26], 'panel': [29], 'was': [30, 43, 82, 89], 'manufactured': [31], 'using': [32, 45], 'the': [33, 36, 51, 73, 79, 85, 94, 105, 112, 116, 135, 143, 149, 153, 158, 163, 167, 181, 189, 198, 203, 213], 'principle': [34], 'of': [35, 75, 166], 'multi-container': [37, 168], 'extrusion,': [38], 'comparative': [41], 'study': [42], 'conducted': [44], 'two': [46], 'different': [47, 177], 'die': [48, 145, 155], 'designs': [49], 'at': [50], 'same': [52], 'extrusion': [53, 60, 76, 80, 109, 113, 124, 128, 132, 169, 182], 'condition,': [54], 'which': [56, 206], 'metal': [57, 98], 'flow': [58, 99], 'behaviour,': [59], 'force,': [61, 114], 'welding': [62, 160, 173, 178, 190], 'quality,': [63], 'billet': [65], 'material': [66, 204, 210], 'utilisation': [67], 'have': [68], 'been': [69], 'investigated': [70], 'numerically.': [71], 'Additionally,': [72], 'effect': [74, 187], 'speed': [77, 183], 'on': [78, 188], 'process': [81], 'evaluated': [83, 175], 'with': [84, 93, 142], 'modified': [86, 106, 117, 136, 164, 199], 'design.': [87, 107, 215], 'It': [88], 'shown': [90], 'that,': [91], 'compared': [92, 141, 211], 'initial': [95, 144, 214], 'design,': [96, 146], 'better': [97, 172], 'behaviour': [100], 'can': [101, 170], 'be': [102], 'obtained': [103], 'Multi-container': [108], 'greatly': [110, 201], 'reduces': [111], 'design': [118, 137, 165, 200], 'results': [119], 'more': [122], 'uniform': [123], 'force': [125, 133], 'for': [126, 134], 'each': [127], 'container.': [129], 'The': [130, 192], 'total': [131], 'is': [138, 196], 'slightly': [139], 'higher': [140], 'increased': [150], 'friction': [151], 'upper': [154], 'channels': [156], 'second-step': [159], 'chamber.': [161], 'Besides,': [162], 'obtain': [171], 'quality': [174], 'by': [176], 'criteria,': [179], 'has': [184], 'minor': [186], 'quality.': [191], 'most': [193], 'notable': [194], 'feature': [195], 'that': [197], 'improves': [202], 'utilisation,': [205], 'could': [207], 'save': [208], '39.5%': [209]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4381996238', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-26T21:19:20.608600', 'created_date': '2023-06-26'}