Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W4317632841', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2023-2090', 'title': 'Freestream Characterization of Hypersonic Wind Tunnels by Combining Measurements and Simulation', 'display_name': 'Freestream Characterization of Hypersonic Wind Tunnels by Combining Measurements and Simulation', 'publication_year': 2023, 'publication_date': '2023-01-19', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W4317632841', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2023-2090'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2023-2090', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4363604160', 'display_name': 'AIAA SCITECH 2022 Forum', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'conference'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'proceedings-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5035429180', 'display_name': 'Thomas Gross', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210101327', 'display_name': 'Twin Cities Orthopedics', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01en4s460', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210101327']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I130238516', 'display_name': 'University of Minnesota', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/017zqws13', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I130238516']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Thomas Gross', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['University of Minnesota Twin Cities'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'University of Minnesota Twin Cities', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210101327', 'https://openalex.org/I130238516']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5002942865', 'display_name': 'Thomas E. Schwartzentruber', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9064-2346'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210101327', 'display_name': 'Twin Cities Orthopedics', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01en4s460', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210101327']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I130238516', 'display_name': 'University of Minnesota', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/017zqws13', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I130238516']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Thomas E. Schwartzentruber', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['University of Minnesota Twin Cities'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'University of Minnesota Twin Cities', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210101327', 'https://openalex.org/I130238516']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.738, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 2, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.621302, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 78, 'max': 84}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11012', 'display_name': 'Gas Dynamics and Kinetic Theory', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2604', 'display_name': 'Applied Mathematics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/26', 'display_name': 'Mathematics'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11012', 'display_name': 'Gas Dynamics and Kinetic Theory', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2604', 'display_name': 'Applied Mathematics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/26', 'display_name': 'Mathematics'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10173', 'display_name': 'Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2206', 'display_name': 'Computational Mechanics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12350', 'display_name': 'Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows', 'score': 0.9984, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2212', 'display_name': 'Ocean Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/freestream', 'display_name': 'Freestream', 'score': 0.96676326}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/expansion-tunnel', 'display_name': 'Expansion tunnel', 'score': 0.8507943}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/hypersonic-wind-tunnel', 'display_name': 'Hypersonic wind tunnel', 'score': 0.56356186}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776911258', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5501170', 'display_name': 'Freestream', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.96676326}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C119474132', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5420792', 'display_name': 'Expansion tunnel', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8507943}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C100086909', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193010', 'display_name': 'Wind tunnel', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.83396375}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C122824865', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830787', 'display_name': 'Hypersonic speed', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.69859076}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C11066151', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1641091', 'display_name': 'Hypersonic wind tunnel', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.56356186}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C146978453', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668', 'display_name': 'Aerospace engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5574051}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C1633027', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815820', 'display_name': 'Computational fluid dynamics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5412341}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C165231844', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160669', 'display_name': 'Mach number', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5367405}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C56200935', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q250840', 'display_name': 'Nozzle', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5352059}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C57879066', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217', 'display_name': 'Mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.46623135}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C123012627', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7632031', 'display_name': 'Subsonic and transonic wind tunnel', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.46422574}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C44154836', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045', 'display_name': 'Simulation', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.42828104}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C39432304', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847', 'display_name': 'Environmental science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.37607968}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C153294291', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261', 'display_name': 'Meteorology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.33167064}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.3011858}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.26053494}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.20286572}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C13393347', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8424', 'display_name': 'Aerodynamics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.20092764}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C103838597', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1579556', 'display_name': 'Transonic', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.09935984}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C182748727', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178932', 'display_name': 'Reynolds number', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C196558001', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190132', 'display_name': 'Turbulence', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2023-2090', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4363604160', 'display_name': 'AIAA SCITECH 2022 Forum', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'conference'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7', 'score': 0.87, 'display_name': 'Affordable and clean energy'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 42, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1560559380', 'https://openalex.org/W1963664128', 'https://openalex.org/W1972452376', 'https://openalex.org/W1990487827', 'https://openalex.org/W2001969693', 'https://openalex.org/W2026883706', 'https://openalex.org/W2027601021', 'https://openalex.org/W2044767278', 'https://openalex.org/W2047266115', 'https://openalex.org/W2048384151', 'https://openalex.org/W2049480320', 'https://openalex.org/W2063899318', 'https://openalex.org/W2068822185', 'https://openalex.org/W2081227771', 'https://openalex.org/W2090092429', 'https://openalex.org/W2112548197', 'https://openalex.org/W2127873716', 'https://openalex.org/W2236163103', 'https://openalex.org/W2315923234', 'https://openalex.org/W2319329301', 'https://openalex.org/W2325513145', 'https://openalex.org/W2333459898', 'https://openalex.org/W2471171980', 'https://openalex.org/W2509947484', 'https://openalex.org/W2737985594', 'https://openalex.org/W2766179905', 'https://openalex.org/W2783030897', 'https://openalex.org/W2892730200', 'https://openalex.org/W2908589791', 'https://openalex.org/W2997433498', 'https://openalex.org/W3011811336', 'https://openalex.org/W3034566301', 'https://openalex.org/W3187628457', 'https://openalex.org/W3190885228', 'https://openalex.org/W3192211684', 'https://openalex.org/W3203466298', 'https://openalex.org/W409683480', 'https://openalex.org/W4206456076', 'https://openalex.org/W4253069708', 'https://openalex.org/W4255106250', 'https://openalex.org/W4306160630', 'https://openalex.org/W4306164237'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W82265754', 'https://openalex.org/W4317632841', 'https://openalex.org/W3118346419', 'https://openalex.org/W286824222', 'https://openalex.org/W2330603339', 'https://openalex.org/W2254580458', 'https://openalex.org/W2201593033', 'https://openalex.org/W1991816825', 'https://openalex.org/W1669431361', 'https://openalex.org/W1547168012'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'A': [0, 12], 'method': [1, 95, 145], 'for': [2, 19, 51, 96, 134, 152, 187], 'characterizing': [3], 'the': [4, 20, 47, 52, 66, 72, 78, 83, 139, 161, 177, 212, 223, 229, 234, 239, 257], 'freestream': [5, 33, 74, 111, 166, 253], 'of': [6, 14, 30, 137, 160, 180, 211, 259], 'hypersonic': [7], 'wind': [8, 21, 39], 'tunnels': [9], 'is': [10, 27, 61, 121, 157, 168, 175, 216, 219, 228, 241], 'presented.': [11, 147], 'database': [13, 48, 60], 'computational': [15, 59, 188], 'simulation': [16], 'results': [17, 149], 'obtained': [18, 36, 67, 81, 194], 'tunnel': [22, 40, 88], 'nozzle': [23, 53], 'and': [24, 49, 101, 174], 'test': [25, 41, 197], 'section': [26], 'required.': [28], 'Measurements': [29, 80], 'two': [31, 97, 102], 'independent': [32], 'flow': [34, 75, 224, 240, 265], 'properties': [35, 76], 'during': [37, 77], 'a': [38, 158, 202, 249, 260], 'are': [42, 146, 206], 'used': [43, 63, 91, 232], 'to': [44, 70, 92, 116], 'curve': [45], 'fit': [46], 'solve': [50], 'reservoir': [54, 68, 124], 'state': [55, 69, 125], 'time': [56, 204], 'history.': [57], 'The': [58, 109, 209], 'then': [62], 'along': [64], 'with': [65, 142, 171, 225, 244], 'determine': [71], 'unmeasured': [73], 'test-time.': [79], 'at': [82], 'Caltech': [84], 'T5': [85, 113, 154, 235], 'reflected': [86], 'shock': [87, 236], 'have': [89], 'been': [90], 'validate': [93], 'this': [94, 143, 246], 'nominally': [98, 103], '8': [99], 'MJ/kg': [100, 105], '16': [104], 'stagnation': [106], 'enthalpy': [107], 'shots.': [108], 'measured': [110, 130], 'in': [112, 169, 195, 233, 252, 256], 'was': [114], 'found': [115], 'be': [117], 'unique': [118], 'where': [119, 199], 'there': [120, 156, 215], 'only': [122], 'one': [123], 'which': [126, 227], 'reproduces': [127], 'any': [128], 'given': [129], 'data': [131], 'point.': [132], 'Results': [133], 'multiple': [135], 'options': [136], 'utilizing': [138], 'available': [140, 182], 'measurements': [141, 193], 'characterization': [144], 'These': [148], 'show': [150], 'that': [151], 'each': [153, 164, 172], 'shot': [155], 'portion': [159, 210], 'test-time': [162, 213], 'when': [163, 214], 'characterized': [165], 'option': [167], 'agreement': [170, 218], 'other': [173], 'within': [176], 'error': [178], 'bars': [179], 'all': [181], 'measurements.': [183], 'This': [184], 'has': [185], 'implications': [186], 'model': [189], 'validation': [190], 'studies': [191], 'using': [192], 'ground': [196], 'facilities': [198], 'comparisons': [200], 'on': [201], 'per': [203], 'basis': [205], 'now': [207], 'possible.': [208], 'poor': [217], 'analyzed': [220], 'by': [221], 'simulating': [222], 'helium,': [226], 'driver': [230], 'gas': [231], 'tunnel.': [237], 'If': [238], 'uniformly': [242], 'contaminated': [243], 'helium': [245], 'can': [247], 'produce': [248], 'large': [250], 'drop': [251], 'temperature': [254], 'even': [255], 'presence': [258], 'nearly': [261], 'constant': [262], 'or': [263], 'increasing': [264], 'velocity.': [266]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4317632841', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-05T21:56:42.145062', 'created_date': '2023-01-21'}