Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W4307341962', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.2c02135', 'title': 'Synthesis and Evaluation of Prodrugs of α-Carboxy Nucleoside Phosphonates', 'display_name': 'Synthesis and Evaluation of Prodrugs of α-Carboxy Nucleoside Phosphonates', 'publication_year': 2022, 'publication_date': '2022-10-25', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W4307341962', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.2c02135', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36283025'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.2c02135', 'pdf_url': 'https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.joc.2c02135', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S205050996', 'display_name': 'The Journal of Organic Chemistry', 'issn_l': '0022-3263', 'issn': ['0022-3263', '1520-6904'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320006', 'host_organization_name': 'American Chemical Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320006'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Chemical Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'hybrid', 'oa_url': 'https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.joc.2c02135', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5001785073', 'display_name': 'Alan Ford', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4316-4350'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I27577105', 'display_name': 'University College Cork', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03265fv13', 'country_code': 'IE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I27577105']}], 'countries': ['IE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Alan Ford', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['School of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I27577105']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5073718236', 'display_name': 'Nicholas D. Mullins', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9247-3723'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I27577105', 'display_name': 'University College Cork', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03265fv13', 'country_code': 'IE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I27577105']}], 'countries': ['IE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Nicholas D. Mullins', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['School of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I27577105']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5038319371', 'display_name': 'Jan Balzarini', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2240-3321'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I24156275', 'display_name': 'Rega Institute for Medical Research', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03w5j8p12', 'country_code': 'BE', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I24156275']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I99464096', 'display_name': 'KU Leuven', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05f950310', 'country_code': 'BE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I99464096']}], 'countries': ['BE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Jan Balzarini', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I24156275', 'https://openalex.org/I99464096']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5024349179', 'display_name': 'Anita R. Maguire', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8306-1893'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I27577105', 'display_name': 'University College Cork', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03265fv13', 'country_code': 'IE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I27577105']}], 'countries': ['IE'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Anita R. Maguire', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['School of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland', 'School of Pharmacy, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Pharmacy, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I27577105']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I27577105']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5024349179'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I27577105'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.711, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 5, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.708091, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 84, 'max': 86}, 'biblio': {'volume': '87', 'issue': '21', 'first_page': '14793', 'last_page': '14808'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10526', 'display_name': 'Efficacy and Safety of Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2725', 'display_name': 'Infectious Diseases'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10526', 'display_name': 'Efficacy and Safety of Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2725', 'display_name': 'Infectious Diseases'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12827', 'display_name': 'Nucleotide Metabolism and Enzyme Regulation', 'score': 0.9985, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12369', 'display_name': 'Epidemiology and Pathogenesis of Pneumocystis Pneumonia', 'score': 0.9977, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2713', 'display_name': 'Epidemiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/phosphonate', 'display_name': 'Phosphonate', 'score': 0.86804867}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/moiety', 'display_name': 'Moiety', 'score': 0.66746396}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/phosphoramidate', 'display_name': 'Phosphoramidate', 'score': 0.56318724}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv', 'display_name': 'HIV', 'score': 0.463615}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/ic50', 'display_name': 'IC50', 'score': 0.4533623}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C108215921', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q603741', 'display_name': 'Prodrug', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.98939836}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777626080', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422733', 'display_name': 'Phosphonate', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.86804867}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776543447', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28734', 'display_name': 'Nucleoside', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6876824}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.68255365}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776568683', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23005640', 'display_name': 'Moiety', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.66746396}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779074116', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134856', 'display_name': 'Carboxylic acid', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6210845}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780880337', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187542', 'display_name': 'Phosphoramidate', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.56318724}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C207001950', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141124', 'display_name': 'In vivo', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4960204}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71240020', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186011', 'display_name': 'Stereochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4854925}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C114373084', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273499', 'display_name': 'Chemical synthesis', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.45428538}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777752497', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286779', 'display_name': 'IC50', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4533623}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C202751555', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681', 'display_name': 'In vitro', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.38055325}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.33565256}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.14374259}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C150903083', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108', 'display_name': 'Biotechnology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D019380', 'descriptor_name': 'Anti-HIV Agents', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D063065', 'descriptor_name': 'Organophosphonates', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011355', 'descriptor_name': 'Prodrugs', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019380', 'descriptor_name': 'Anti-HIV Agents', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004952', 'descriptor_name': 'Esters', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009705', 'descriptor_name': 'Nucleosides', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009705', 'descriptor_name': 'Nucleosides', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D063065', 'descriptor_name': 'Organophosphonates', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011355', 'descriptor_name': 'Prodrugs', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.2c02135', 'pdf_url': 'https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.joc.2c02135', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S205050996', 'display_name': 'The Journal of Organic Chemistry', 'issn_l': '0022-3263', 'issn': ['0022-3263', '1520-6904'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320006', 'host_organization_name': 'American Chemical Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320006'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Chemical Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9639015', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36283025', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.2c02135', 'pdf_url': 'https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.joc.2c02135', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S205050996', 'display_name': 'The Journal of Organic Chemistry', 'issn_l': '0022-3263', 'issn': ['0022-3263', '1520-6904'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320006', 'host_organization_name': 'American Chemical Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320006'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Chemical Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'score': 0.83, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3'}], 'grants': [{'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320320847', 'funder_display_name': 'Science Foundation Ireland', 'award_id': 'SFI 14/TIDA/2402'}, {'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320322308', 'funder_display_name': 'KU Leuven', 'award_id': 'GOA 10/14'}, {'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320322308', 'funder_display_name': 'KU Leuven', 'award_id': 'PF-10/018'}], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 69, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1470180351', 'https://openalex.org/W1542768679', 'https://openalex.org/W1569869084', 'https://openalex.org/W1591250500', 'https://openalex.org/W1928944685', 'https://openalex.org/W1953979138', 'https://openalex.org/W1963623224', 'https://openalex.org/W1974375910', 'https://openalex.org/W1975992933', 'https://openalex.org/W1980719685', 'https://openalex.org/W1981976616', 'https://openalex.org/W1982262854', 'https://openalex.org/W1984131564', 'https://openalex.org/W1990611547', 'https://openalex.org/W1990931226', 'https://openalex.org/W1993181047', 'https://openalex.org/W1995442517', 'https://openalex.org/W1995679404', 'https://openalex.org/W1996313031', 'https://openalex.org/W2005941883', 'https://openalex.org/W2012134758', 'https://openalex.org/W2021224893', 'https://openalex.org/W2025561765', 'https://openalex.org/W2032528317', 'https://openalex.org/W2038205798', 'https://openalex.org/W2042468515', 'https://openalex.org/W2045989094', 'https://openalex.org/W2046653072', 'https://openalex.org/W2053584811', 'https://openalex.org/W2054685448', 'https://openalex.org/W2060403953', 'https://openalex.org/W2073345376', 'https://openalex.org/W2080580764', 'https://openalex.org/W2081595602', 'https://openalex.org/W2082772647', 'https://openalex.org/W2087171805', 'https://openalex.org/W2089597950', 'https://openalex.org/W2111163381', 'https://openalex.org/W2113644342', 'https://openalex.org/W2121053847', 'https://openalex.org/W2122884948', 'https://openalex.org/W2129054094', 'https://openalex.org/W2140067751', 'https://openalex.org/W2148425303', 'https://openalex.org/W2154748851', 'https://openalex.org/W2165621469', 'https://openalex.org/W2168652503', 'https://openalex.org/W2261116175', 'https://openalex.org/W2288818676', 'https://openalex.org/W2310917687', 'https://openalex.org/W2319464041', 'https://openalex.org/W2326138377', 'https://openalex.org/W2428043000', 'https://openalex.org/W2489351883', 'https://openalex.org/W2516811900', 'https://openalex.org/W2604771433', 'https://openalex.org/W2772284937', 'https://openalex.org/W2886225230', 'https://openalex.org/W2892163055', 'https://openalex.org/W2910862137', 'https://openalex.org/W2950925356', 'https://openalex.org/W2952815171', 'https://openalex.org/W2971269891', 'https://openalex.org/W3160947340', 'https://openalex.org/W4242520257', 'https://openalex.org/W4250300417', 'https://openalex.org/W4252142003', 'https://openalex.org/W4253352605', 'https://openalex.org/W45797396'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2965615795', 'https://openalex.org/W2767441046', 'https://openalex.org/W2762339476', 'https://openalex.org/W2333731755', 'https://openalex.org/W2133575366', 'https://openalex.org/W2007272260', 'https://openalex.org/W1985446920', 'https://openalex.org/W1979727114', 'https://openalex.org/W1556076960', 'https://openalex.org/W1482683622'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'A': [0, 32, 107], 'range': [1], 'of': [2, 5, 11, 34, 121], 'lipophilic': [3], 'prodrugs': [4, 73, 101], 'α-carboxy': [6], 'nucleoside': [7], 'phosphonates,': [8], 'potent': [9], 'inhibitors': [10], 'HIV-1': [12], 'reverse': [13], 'transcriptase': [14], 'without': [15], 'requiring': [16], 'prior': [17], 'phosphorylation,': [18], 'were': [19, 57, 74, 102], 'synthesized': [20], 'to': [21, 65, 117], 'evaluate': [22], 'their': [23], 'in': [24, 29, 79, 137], 'vivo': [25], 'potency': [26], 'against': [27, 135], 'HIV': [28, 136], 'cell': [30, 81], 'culture.': [31], 'series': [33], 'prodrug': [35, 87, 113], 'derivatives': [36], 'bearing': [37], 'a': [38, 126], 'free': [39, 84], 'carboxylic': [40, 69, 127], 'acid': [41, 70, 85, 128], 'where': [42], 'the': [43, 67, 99, 119, 122], 'phosphonate': [44, 63], 'was': [45, 114], 'masked': [46], 'with': [47], 'bispivaloyloxymethyl,': [48], 'diisopropyloxycarbonyloxymethyl,': [49], 'bisamidate,': [50], 'aryloxyphosphoramidate,': [51], 'hexadecyloxypropyl,': [52], 'CycloSal,': [53], 'and': [54], 'acycloxybenzyl': [55], 'moieties': [56], 'synthesized,': [58], 'adapting': [59], 'existing': [60], 'methodologies': [61], 'for': [62, 76], 'protection': [64], 'accommodate': [66], 'adjacent': [68], 'moiety.': [71], 'The': [72], 'assayed': [75], 'anti-HIV': [77], 'activity': [78, 90, 134], 'CEM': [80], 'cultures─the': [82], 'bispivaloyloxymethyl': [83, 109], 'monophosphonate': [86, 112], 'exhibited': [88, 132], 'some': [89], '(inhibitory': [91], 'concentration-50': [92], '(IC50)': [93], '59': [94], '±': [95], '17': [96], 'μM),': [97], 'while': [98], 'other': [100], 'inactive': [103], 'at': [104], '100': [105], 'μM.': [106], 'racemic': [108], 'methyl': [110, 123], 'ester': [111, 124], 'also': [115], 'prepared': [116], 'assess': [118], 'suitability': [120], 'as': [125], 'prodrug.': [129], 'This': [130], 'compound': [131], 'no': [133], 'cellular': [138], 'assays.': [139]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4307341962', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-10T11:04:13.726640', 'created_date': '2022-10-31'}