Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W4299315991', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3386/w19201', 'title': 'Bowling for Fascism: Social Capital and the Rise of the Nazi Party', 'display_name': 'Bowling for Fascism: Social Capital and the Rise of the Nazi Party', 'publication_year': 2013, 'publication_date': '2013-07-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W4299315991', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3386/w19201'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3386/w19201', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': None, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'report', 'type_crossref': 'report', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3386/w19201', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5002016265', 'display_name': 'Shanker Satyanath', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I68812265', 'display_name': 'Anderson University - South Carolina', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01gmrmd93', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I68812265']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1321305853', 'display_name': 'National Bureau of Economic Research', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04grmx538', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'nonprofit', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1321305853']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I57206974', 'display_name': 'New York University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0190ak572', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I57206974']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Shanker Satyanath', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Politics New York University 19 West 4th Street New York, NY 10012', 'NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138', 'UCLA Anderson School of Management 110 Westwood Plaza C513 Entrepreneurs Hall Los Angeles, CA 90095 and'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'UCLA Anderson School of Management 110 Westwood Plaza C513 Entrepreneurs Hall Los Angeles, CA 90095 and', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I68812265']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1321305853']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Politics New York University 19 West 4th Street New York, NY 10012', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I57206974']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5066229730', 'display_name': 'Nico Voigtlaender', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5362-4875'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I57206974', 'display_name': 'New York University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0190ak572', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I57206974']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1321305853', 'display_name': 'National Bureau of Economic Research', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04grmx538', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'nonprofit', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1321305853']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Nico Voigtlaender', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Politics New York University 19 West 4th Street New York, NY 10012', 'NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138', 'NBER'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Politics New York University 19 West 4th Street New York, NY 10012', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I57206974']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1321305853']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'NBER', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5064565742', 'display_name': 'Hans‐Joachim Voth', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4518-3149'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I202697423', 'display_name': 'University of Zurich', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02crff812', 'country_code': 'CH', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I202697423']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I57206974', 'display_name': 'New York University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0190ak572', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I57206974']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1321305853', 'display_name': 'National Bureau of Economic Research', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04grmx538', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'nonprofit', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1321305853']}], 'countries': ['CH', 'US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Hans-Joachim Voth', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Politics New York University 19 West 4th Street New York, NY 10012', 'NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138', 'University of Zurich Department of Economics Schönberggasse 1 CH-8001 Zurich'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'University of Zurich Department of Economics Schönberggasse 1 CH-8001 Zurich', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I202697423']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Politics New York University 19 West 4th Street New York, NY 10012', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I57206974']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1321305853']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 4, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': None, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 23, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.93135, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 91, 'max': 92}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12337', 'display_name': 'Fascism and Totalitarianism in Europe and Italy', 'score': 0.9646, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3312', 'display_name': 'Sociology and Political Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12337', 'display_name': 'Fascism and Totalitarianism in Europe and Italy', 'score': 0.9646, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3312', 'display_name': 'Sociology and Political Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12645', 'display_name': 'Nazi Germany and Postwar Europe', 'score': 0.9637, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3320', 'display_name': 'Political Science and International Relations'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13484', 'display_name': 'Memory and Identity in East Germany', 'score': 0.9381, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1202', 'display_name': 'History'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/12', 'display_name': 'Arts and Humanities'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/nazi-propaganda', 'display_name': 'Nazi Propaganda', 'score': 0.559073}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/capital', 'display_name': 'Capital (architecture)', 'score': 0.53174627}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C5616717', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310', 'display_name': 'Nazism', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8311702}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C83646750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193893', 'display_name': 'Capital (architecture)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.53174627}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C68062652', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214693', 'display_name': 'Social capital', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4433486}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.42133045}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C165556158', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83937', 'display_name': 'Keynesian economics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.38917357}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C6303427', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47398', 'display_name': 'Economic history', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.38409108}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.3209986}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.274691}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95457728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309', 'display_name': 'History', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.22506016}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C195244886', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493', 'display_name': 'Ancient history', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.15714946}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C94625758', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163', 'display_name': 'Politics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.053736866}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 10, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3386/w19201', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': None, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://www.nber.org/papers/w19201.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'http://www.nber.org/papers/w19201.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401271', 'display_name': 'RePEc: Research Papers in Economics', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I77793887', 'host_organization_name': 'Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I77793887'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10086416/', 'pdf_url': 'https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10086416/1/Bowling_for_Fascism_JPE.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400024', 'display_name': 'UCL Discovery (University College London)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I45129253', 'host_organization_name': 'University College London', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I45129253'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University College London'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10086416/1/Bowling_for_Fascism_JPE.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10086416/1/Bowling_for_Fascism_JPE.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400024', 'display_name': 'UCL Discovery (University College London)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I45129253', 'host_organization_name': 'University College London', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I45129253'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University College London'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/137643/1/Bowling_for_Fascism_Voth_akz._manuskript.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/137643/1/Bowling_for_Fascism_Voth_akz._manuskript.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401281', 'display_name': 'Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I202697423', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Zurich', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I202697423'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Zurich'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/137643/2/Bowling_for_Fascism_Voth_Verl..pdf', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/137643/2/Bowling_for_Fascism_Voth_Verl..pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401281', 'display_name': 'Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I202697423', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Zurich', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I202697423'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Zurich'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://www.econ.uzh.ch/static/wp/econwp147.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'http://www.econ.uzh.ch/static/wp/econwp147.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401271', 'display_name': 'RePEc: Research Papers in Economics', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I77793887', 'host_organization_name': 'Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I77793887'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://www.ubscenter.uzh.ch/assets/workingpapers/WP7_Bowling_for_fascism_social_capital_and_the_rise_of_the_nazi_party.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'http://www.ubscenter.uzh.ch/assets/workingpapers/WP7_Bowling_for_fascism_social_capital_and_the_rise_of_the_nazi_party.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401271', 'display_name': 'RePEc: Research Papers in Economics', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I77793887', 'host_organization_name': 'Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I77793887'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://hdl.handle.net/10419/111204', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/111204/1/econwp147.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401696', 'display_name': 'Econstor (Econstor)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/97265/1/ubscenterwp007.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/97265/1/ubscenterwp007.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401281', 'display_name': 'Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I202697423', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Zurich', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I202697423'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Zurich'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3386/w19201', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': None, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Reduced inequalities', 'score': 0.42, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W594417348', 'https://openalex.org/W581279333', 'https://openalex.org/W4297380328', 'https://openalex.org/W4297313920', 'https://openalex.org/W3193922834', 'https://openalex.org/W2613559303', 'https://openalex.org/W2145233699', 'https://openalex.org/W1971341254', 'https://openalex.org/W1577734557', 'https://openalex.org/W1550492110'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Social': [0], 'capital': [1, 106, 139], 'is': [2, 97], 'often': [3], 'associated': [4, 157], 'with': [5, 52, 61, 99, 148, 158], 'desirable': [6], 'political': [7, 143], 'and': [8, 43, 48, 87], 'economic': [9], 'outcomes.This': [10], 'paper': [11], 'contributes': [12], 'to': [13, 82], 'the': [14, 17, 24, 35, 58, 108, 111, 122, 135, 142], 'literature': [15], 'exploring': [16], '"dark': [18], 'side"': [19], 'of': [20, 26, 37, 46, 57, 77, 110, 137], 'social': [21, 105, 138], 'capital,': [22], 'examining': [23], 'downfall': [25], 'democracy': [27], 'in': [28, 39, 95], 'interwar': [29], 'Germany.We': [30], 'collect': [31], 'new': [32], 'data': [33], 'on': [34, 141], 'density': [36, 67, 154], 'associations': [38, 81], '229': [40], 'German': [41], 'towns': [42], 'cities.Denser': [44], 'networks': [45], 'clubs': [47, 86], 'societies': [49, 78], 'went': [50], 'hand-in-hand': [51], 'a': [53, 125], 'more': [54, 149], 'rapid': [55], 'rise': [56, 109], 'Nazi': [59, 73, 112, 160], 'Party.Towns': [60], 'one': [62], 'standard': [63], 'deviation': [64], 'higher': [65, 152], 'association': [66, 153], 'saw': [68], 'at': [69], 'least': [70], '15%': [71], 'faster': [72, 159], 'Party': [74, 92, 161], 'entry.All': [75], 'types': [76], '-from': [79], 'veteran': [80], 'animal': [83], 'breeders,': [84], 'chess': [85], 'choirs': [88], '-positively': [89], 'predict': [90], 'NS': [91], 'entry.Party': [93], 'membership,': [94], 'turn,': [96], 'correlated': [98], 'electoral': [100], 'success.These': [101], 'results': [102], 'suggest': [103], 'that': [104, 114, 134], 'aided': [107], 'movement': [113], 'ultimately': [115], 'destroyed': [116], "Germany's": [117], 'first': [118], 'democracy.Crucially,': [119], 'we': [120], 'examine': [121], 'question': [123], 'when': [124], 'vibrant': [126], 'civic': [127], 'society': [128], 'can': [129], 'have': [130], 'corrosive': [131], 'effects.We': [132], 'show': [133], 'effects': [136], 'depended': [140], 'context': [144], '-in': [145], 'federal': [146], 'states': [147], 'stable': [150], 'governments,': [151], 'was': [155], 'not': [156], 'entry.': [162]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4299315991', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-16T09:01:36.950182', 'created_date': '2022-10-02'}