Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W4290998277', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.548', 'title': '001 Cost effectiveness of spinal cord stimulation in chronic low back pain', 'display_name': '001 Cost effectiveness of spinal cord stimulation in chronic low back pain', 'publication_year': 2022, 'publication_date': '2022-06-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W4290998277', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.548'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.548', 'pdf_url': 'https://rapm.bmj.com/content/rapm/47/Suppl_1/A305.full.pdf', 'source': None, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'proceedings-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://rapm.bmj.com/content/rapm/47/Suppl_1/A305.full.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.448, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 1, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.590571, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 60, 'max': 70}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': 'A305', 'last_page': 'A306'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11840', 'display_name': 'Pain Management and Treatment', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2703', 'display_name': 'Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11840', 'display_name': 'Pain Management and Treatment', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2703', 'display_name': 'Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10084', 'display_name': 'Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2736', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10238', 'display_name': 'Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology', 'score': 0.9978, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2734', 'display_name': 'Pathology and Forensic Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/back-pain', 'display_name': 'Back Pain', 'score': 0.49503154}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/depression', 'display_name': 'Depression', 'score': 0.49422243}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.8768034}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780907711', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852163', 'display_name': 'Low back pain', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.59191626}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C1862650', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005', 'display_name': 'Physical therapy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.51469976}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779951463', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268788', 'display_name': 'Quality of life (healthcare)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.51100624}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C6964187', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659256', 'display_name': 'Indirect costs', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.50309175}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781118164', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1088113', 'display_name': 'Chronic pain', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.49647528}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776501849', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5781808', 'display_name': 'Back pain', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.49503154}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776867660', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941', 'display_name': 'Depression (economics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.49422243}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C44575665', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1293405', 'display_name': 'Lumbar', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44858173}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C558461103', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430', 'display_name': 'Anxiety', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44096854}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C141071460', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821', 'display_name': 'Surgery', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.22487059}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C204787440', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504', 'display_name': 'Alternative medicine', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.13961437}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C118552586', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867', 'display_name': 'Psychiatry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.13672}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159110408', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176', 'display_name': 'Nursing', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.07894331}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142724271', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208', 'display_name': 'Pathology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121955636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214', 'display_name': 'Accounting', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144133560', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453', 'display_name': 'Business', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C139719470', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680', 'display_name': 'Macroeconomics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.548', 'pdf_url': 'https://rapm.bmj.com/content/rapm/47/Suppl_1/A305.full.pdf', 'source': None, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.548', 'pdf_url': 'https://rapm.bmj.com/content/rapm/47/Suppl_1/A305.full.pdf', 'source': None, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.61, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8', 'display_name': 'Decent work and economic growth'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 11, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2121239089', 'https://openalex.org/W2154153950', 'https://openalex.org/W2159949317', 'https://openalex.org/W2921871029', 'https://openalex.org/W2978227275', 'https://openalex.org/W3020427049', 'https://openalex.org/W3130192399', 'https://openalex.org/W3155838277', 'https://openalex.org/W3199235504', 'https://openalex.org/W3207442835', 'https://openalex.org/W4291018789'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W877268489', 'https://openalex.org/W633410099', 'https://openalex.org/W4211045268', 'https://openalex.org/W2340590725', 'https://openalex.org/W2163801377', 'https://openalex.org/W2139647853', 'https://openalex.org/W2041390866', 'https://openalex.org/W2040478958', 'https://openalex.org/W2029905890', 'https://openalex.org/W1987590652'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'AbstractLow': [0], 'back': [1, 243, 255, 1067, 1125, 1602], 'pain': [2, 79, 135, 175, 244, 365, 443, 471, 805, 1061, 1068, 1126, 1151], '(LBP)': [3], 'is': [4, 59, 184, 190, 354, 401, 428, 477, 494, 888, 909, 965, 1010, 1183], 'a': [5, 180, 246, 415, 445, 487, 508, 557, 562, 673, 728, 745, 795, 824, 968, 990, 1143, 1397], 'serious': [6], 'burden': [7, 1101], 'both': [8], 'for': [9, 52, 65, 128, 147, 154, 207, 273, 464, 482, 542, 698, 781, 837, 902, 932, 945, 954, 1093, 1110, 1265], 'patients': [10, 198, 226, 260, 274, 334, 396, 406, 434, 515, 544, 550, 594, 813, 878, 903, 1028, 1041, 1063, 1088, 1111], 'and': [11, 22, 57, 69, 83, 103, 136, 157, 199, 210, 289, 325, 366, 440, 455, 479, 518, 527, 634, 675, 718, 774, 809, 862, 1017, 1035, 1069, 1099, 1128, 1134, 1161, 1169, 1191, 1216, 1222, 1251, 1487, 1608], 'the': [12, 37, 47, 53, 60, 97, 118, 155, 188, 217, 295, 341, 350, 442, 450, 460, 465, 499, 503, 535, 570, 580, 589, 600, 622, 638, 645, 666, 682, 737, 786, 831, 859, 868, 873, 893, 913, 930, 939, 955, 983, 986, 997, 1006, 1014, 1048, 1060, 1071, 1096, 1153, 1170, 1206, 1218, 1259, 1316, 1351, 1436, 1443, 1503, 1533, 1674], 'health': [13, 628], 'care': [14], 'systems.': [15], 'One': [16], 'in': [17, 72, 117, 192, 332, 349, 395, 423, 486, 511, 561, 565, 579, 618, 644, 662, 679, 681, 725, 736, 768, 811, 814, 842, 852, 858, 877, 892, 915, 971, 1058, 1086, 1146, 1148, 1205, 1270, 1290, 1315, 1393, 1442, 1494, 1540, 1551, 1673], 'five': [18], 'adults': [19, 751], 'have': [20, 213, 234, 253, 613, 1197], 'LBP': [21, 27, 94, 212], 'approximately': [23], '90%': [24], 'will': [25, 1141, 1186], 'experience': [26], 'at': [28, 363, 567, 630, 665], 'some': [29, 376], 'point': [30, 953], 'of': [31, 41, 49, 93, 99, 111, 113, 133, 196, 201, 225, 237, 297, 304, 322, 346, 352, 453, 462, 467, 491, 505, 519, 556, 592, 642, 647, 652, 668, 732, 739, 750, 770, 797, 799, 830, 833, 875, 917, 942, 993, 1000, 1020, 1062, 1074, 1080, 1136, 1172, 1232, 1258, 1261, 1285, 1292, 1310, 1318, 1324, 1347, 1353, 1389, 1438, 1445, 1490, 1529, 1535, 1547, 1666, 1676, 1682], 'their': [32, 238, 411], 'life.': [33], 'It': [34, 854], 'has': [35, 45, 335, 438, 444, 608, 1054, 1082], 'been': [36, 610], 'major': [38], 'leading': [39], 'cause': [40], 'disability': [42, 367], 'worldwide,': [43], 'it': [44, 58, 400, 493, 1108, 1182], 'impaired': [46], 'quality': [48, 378, 916, 992], 'life': [50, 776, 918], '(QoL)': [51], 'past': [54, 218, 1049], 'several': [55], 'years': [56, 583, 636, 720, 777, 871, 1631], 'most': [61], 'commonly': [62], 'cited': [63], 'reason': [64], 'disability,': [66], 'lost': [67, 70, 126], 'work,': [68, 130], 'wages': [71, 127], 'industrialized': [73], 'nations.': [74], 'Comorbidities': [75], 'associated': [76, 211, 657], 'with': [77, 241, 261, 275, 282, 397, 551, 599, 658, 711, 753, 758, 816, 844, 879, 904, 975, 1064, 1165, 1272, 1553], 'chronic': [78, 134, 242, 1065, 1293, 1394], 'including': [80, 470], 'depression,': [81], 'anxiety,': [82], 'sleep': [84], 'disorders': [85], 'further': [86, 417], 'add': [87], 'to': [88, 108, 143, 166, 186, 194, 233, 252, 310, 315, 386, 393, 408, 414, 425, 432, 496, 549, 596, 612, 616, 688, 714, 898, 923, 934, 949, 960, 978, 1039, 1106, 1112, 1159, 1214, 1235], 'this': [89, 419, 480, 506, 1009, 1078, 1139], 'burden.': [90], 'Direct': [91], 'costs': [92, 123, 162, 500, 541, 566, 574, 664, 958, 1231], 'such': [95, 124, 293], 'as': [96, 125, 173, 223, 294, 421, 1163, 1225, 1227], 'cost': [98, 640, 680, 704, 773], 'hospitalizations,': [100], 'surgeries,': [101], 'prescriptions': [102], 'physical': [104, 284, 317, 807], 'therapy': [105, 288, 1053, 1140, 1289], 'are': [106, 141, 151, 163, 249, 375, 1090, 1211], 'estimated': [107, 767, 784], 'be': [109, 361, 821, 935, 961, 1103], 'hundred': [110], 'billions': [112], 'dollars': [114], 'per': [115], 'year': [116, 683, 701], 'US': [119], 'alone.': [120], 'The': [121, 927, 951], 'indirect': [122], 'missing': [129], 'emotional': [131], 'impact': [132], 'any': [137], 'treatment': [138, 267, 280, 351, 420, 466, 646, 1081, 1127], 'or': [139, 177, 760, 900, 925, 1045], 'aid': [140], 'sought': [142], 'help': [144], 'it,': [145], 'retraining': [146], 'new': [148, 1173], 'jobs': [149], 'that': [150, 183, 380, 404, 697, 1195], 'more': [152, 164, 290, 890, 966, 1189, 1219, 1229], 'tolerable': [153], 'patient,': [156], 'even': [158, 938], 'healthcare': [159], 'allocation': [160], 'opportunity': [161], 'difficult': [165], 'calculate.Failed': [167], 'Back': [168, 840, 846, 1268, 1274, 1320, 1449, 1498, 1555, 1678], 'Surgery': [169, 847, 1275, 1321, 1499, 1556, 1679], 'Syndrome': [170, 848], '(FBSS),': [171], 'defined': [172], 'spinal': [174, 298, 1117, 1286, 1390, 1395], 'persisting': [176], 'appearing': [178], 'after': [179, 245, 436, 584, 702], 'surgical': [181, 266], 'procedure': [182], 'meant': [185], 'treat': [187], 'pain,': [189, 312, 469], 'prevalent': [191], 'up': [193, 713], '19%': [195], 'microdiscectomy': [197], '40%': [200, 224, 708], 'lumbar': [202, 229, 881], 'laminectomy': [203], 'patients.': [204, 373, 649, 1075], 'Lumbar': [205], 'fusions': [206, 230], 'degenerative': [208], 'spondylolisthesis': [209], 'risen': [214], 'significantly': [215, 546, 576, 1121], 'over': [216], '20': [219], 'years.': [220, 1208], 'As': [221], 'many': [222], 'who': [227, 755, 1042, 1089], 'receive': [228], 'may': [231, 1120], 'continue': [232], 'unsatisfactory': [235], 'relief': [236], 'symptoms.': [239, 270], 'Patients': [240, 843, 1271, 1495, 1552], 'fusion': [247, 882], 'surgery': [248, 256, 1603], 'also': [250, 314, 402, 497, 502, 692, 1212], 'deemed': [251], 'failed': [254, 439], 'syndrome': [257, 1604], '(FBSS).': [258], 'For': [259], 'apparent': [262], 'imaging': [263], 'findings': [264], 'revision': [265], 'could': [268, 820], 'improve': [269, 316], 'Nonsurgical': [271], 'treatments': [272], 'FBBS': [276], 'include': [277, 1215], 'conventional': [278, 530, 552], 'medical': [279, 973], '(CMM)': [281], 'analgesics,': [283], 'therapy,': [285], 'cognitive': [286], 'behavioral': [287], 'interventional': [291], 'therapies': [292], 'implantation': [296, 384, 524, 555], 'cord': [299, 357, 1118, 1287, 1391, 1628], 'stimulator.': [300], 'Proper': [301], 'clinical': [302, 347, 620, 772], 'management': [303, 531, 738, 1291, 1317], 'FBSS': [305, 333, 353, 372, 433, 474, 514, 593, 648, 754, 812, 1027, 1040], 'should': [306, 1102], 'aim': [307], 'not': [308, 1091, 1201], 'only': [309, 435], 'alleviate': [311], 'but': [313, 501], 'function,': [318], 'Health': [319, 454, 789], 'Related': [320], 'Quality': [321], 'Life': [323], '(HRQoL)': [324, 370], 'lower': [326, 936, 1023], 'drug': [327], 'dependency.': [328], 'Since': [329, 606], 'narcotic': [330], 'use': [331, 461], 'become': [336], 'an': [337, 483, 653, 659, 693, 946], 'issue': [338], 'accentuated': [339], 'by': [340, 473, 912, 1013], 'ongoing': [342], 'opioid': [343], 'crisis,': [344], 'reevaluation': [345, 485], 'approaches': [348], 'important.': [355], 'Spinal': [356, 834, 1262, 1311, 1354, 1439, 1491, 1536, 1548, 1627, 1667], 'stimulation': [358, 1119, 1288, 1392, 1629], '(SCS)': [359], 'can': [360], 'effective': [362], 'reducing': [364, 1059], 'while': [368], 'improving': [369, 1070], 'among': [371], 'There': [374, 690], 'high': [377], 'studies': [379, 987, 1210], 'found': [381, 403, 1025], 'SCS': [382, 412, 427, 463, 476, 523, 558, 607, 643, 654, 685, 733, 793, 818, 876, 887, 919, 933, 976, 1030, 1052, 1114, 1233], 'device': [383, 413], '(SCSdi)': [385], 'provide': [387, 989, 1228], 'superior': [388, 614], 'patient': [389], 'satisfaction': [390], 'when': [391, 441, 896, 921], 'compared': [392, 548, 687, 897, 922, 977, 1038, 1234], 'reoperation': [394], 'FBSS.': [398, 740, 905], 'Additionally,': [399], 'fewer': [405], 'chose': [407], 'crossover': [409], 'from': [410, 532, 744, 785], 're-operation,': [416], 'establishing': [418], 'patient-centric': [422], 'addition': [424], 'efficacious.However': [426], 'still': [429], 'mostly': [430], 'recommended': [431, 459], 'CMM': [437, 617, 735, 759, 899, 924, 979, 1044], 'neuropathic': [446, 468, 1150], 'component.': [447], 'In': [448, 1076], '2008,': [449], 'National': [451, 788], 'Institute': [452], 'Care': [456], 'Excellence': [457], '(NICE)': [458], 'caused': [472], '.': [475, 1433], 'underutilized': [478], 'calls': [481], 'additional': [484, 700], 'real-world': [488, 729, 747], 'setting.': [489], 'First': [490], 'all,': [492], 'important': [495], 'assess': [498], 'cost-effectiveness': [504, 730, 763, 874, 1193], 'procedure.In': [507], 'study': [509, 587, 624, 748, 885], 'published': [510, 851, 1204], '2017,': [512], '122,827': [513], 'were': [516, 545, 575, 756, 766, 783], 'identified': [517], 'these,': [520], '5,328': [521], 'underwent': [522, 529], '(only': [525], '4.34%),': [526], '117,499': [528], '2000–2012,': [533], 'across': [534, 1026, 1032], 'United': [536], 'States.': [537], 'Long-term': [538], 'total': [539, 663], 'annual': [540, 572], 'these': [543, 1156], 'reduced': [547], 'management.': [553], 'Although': [554, 650], 'system': [559, 655], 'resulted': [560], 'short-term': [563], 'increase': [564, 661], 'one': [568], 'year,': [569], 'subsequent': [571], 'cumulative': [573], 'decreased': [577, 705], 'long-term': [578, 627, 639], 'following': [581, 684], '9': [582, 635, 719], 'implantation.': [585], 'This': [586, 884, 906], 'combined': [588], 'largest': [590], 'group': [591], 'studied': [595], 'date': [597], 'along': [598], 'longest': [601], 'follow-up': [602, 712], 'interval': [603], 'ever': [604], 'analyzed.': [605], 'repeatedly': [609], 'shown': [611, 1083], 'efficacy': [615], 'randomized': [619, 1177], 'trials,': [621], 'current': [623], 'demonstrated': [625], 'improved': [626, 804], 'economics': [629], '1,': [631, 715], '3,': [632, 716], '6': [633, 717], 'supports': [637], 'utility': [641], 'placement': [651, 686], 'was': [656, 672, 691, 850], 'initial': [660, 907, 956], 'time': [667, 695, 826, 1036], 'implantation,': [669], 'however': [670], 'there': [671, 964], 'significant': [674], 'sustained': [676], '68%': [677], 'decrease': [678], 'CMM.': [689, 817], 'aggregate': [694], 'trend': [696], 'each': [699], 'SCS,': [703], 'on': [706, 1022, 1435], 'average': [707], 'percent': [709], 'annually,': [710], 'post-procedure.Elena': [721], 'Rojo': [722], 'et': [723, 1305], 'al': [724], '2021': [726], 'presented': [727], 'analysis': [731, 1665], 'vs': [734, 1670], 'They': [741], 'obtained': [742], 'data': [743], '2-year': [746], '(SEFUDOCE)': [749], 'diagnosed': [752], 'treated': [757], 'SCS.': [761], 'Incremental': [762], 'ratios': [764], '(ICER)': [765], 'terms': [769], 'direct': [771], 'quality-adjusted': [775], '(QALYs).': [778], 'Costs': [779], '(€': [780], '2019)': [782], 'Spanish': [787], 'Service': [790], '(NHS)': [791], 'perspective.': [792], 'had': [794], '79%': [796], 'probability': [798], 'being': [800, 1002], 'cost-effective.': [801], 'SCS+CMM': [802], 'offers': [803], 'relief,': [806], 'functioning,': [808], 'HRQoL': [810], 'comparison': [815], '+CMM': [819], 'cost-effective': [822], 'during': [823], 'longer': [825], 'span.Another': [827], 'Systematic': [828, 1256, 1345, 1527], 'Review': [829, 1257, 1346, 1528], 'Cost-Utility': [832, 1260, 1488], 'Cord': [835, 1263, 1312, 1355, 1440, 1492, 1537, 1549, 1668], 'Stimulation': [836, 1264, 1313, 1441, 1493, 1550, 1669], 'Persistent': [838, 1266], 'Low': [839, 1267], 'Pain': [841, 1269, 1295, 1325, 1400, 1593, 1635, 1683], 'Failed': [845, 1273, 1319, 1497, 1554, 1601, 1677], 'which': [849], '2021.': [853], 'includes': [855], 'all': [856], 'publications': [857], 'Medline': [860], 'database': [861], 'Cochrane': [863], 'CENTRAL': [864], 'trials': [865, 1179], 'register': [866], 'within': [867], 'last': [869], '10': [870], 'assessing': [872], 'previous': [880], 'surgery.': [883, 1094], 'suggests': [886], 'likely': [889, 910, 1184, 1213], 'expensive': [891], 'short': [894], 'term': [895], 're-operation': [901], 'expense': [908], 'negated': [911], 'improvements': [914], 'provides': [920], 'reoperation.': [926], 'literature': [928], 'reported': [929], 'cost/QALY': [931], 'than': [937, 967], 'conservative': [940], 'estimate': [941], '$25': [943], '000/QALY': [944], 'insurer’s': [947], 'willingness': [948], 'pay.': [950], 'break-even': [952], 'up-front': [957], 'seems': [959], '24': [962], 'months;': [963], '50%': [969], 'reduction': [970], 'overall': [972], 'cost-savings': [974], 'and/or': [980], 're-operation.': [981], 'Using': [982], 'GRADE': [984], 'approach,': [985], 'reviewed': [988], 'moderate': [991], 'evidence.': [994], 'We': [995], 'believe': [996], 'strong': [998], 'likelihood': [999], 'confounders': [1001, 1203], 'present': [1003], 'greatly': [1004, 1198], 'reduces': [1005], 'quality.': [1007], 'However,': [1008, 1095], 'partially': [1011], 'offset': [1012], 'striking': [1015], 'consistency': [1016], 'large': [1018, 1174], 'magnitude': [1019], 'effect': [1021], 'ICERs': [1024], 'receiving': [1029], 'devices': [1031, 1157, 1224], 'different': [1033], 'settings': [1034], 'frames': [1037], 'received': [1043], 'secondary': [1046], 'operations.In': [1047], 'four': [1050], 'decades,': [1051], 'achieved': [1055], 'good': [1056], 'results': [1057], 'low': [1066, 1124], 'functional': [1072], 'status': [1073], 'addition,': [1077], 'type': [1079], 'great': [1084], 'promise': [1085], 'treating': [1087], 'eligible': [1092], 'increasing': [1097], 'prevalence': [1098], 'economic': [1100], 'addressed': [1104], 'appropriately': [1105], 'make': [1107], 'easier': [1109], 'obtain': [1113], 'treatment.': [1115], 'Furthermore,': [1116], 'affect': [1122], 'refractory': [1123], 'benefit': [1129], 'clinically': [1130], 'considering': [1131], 'its': [1132], 'technology': [1133, 1154], 'mechanism': [1135], 'action.': [1137], 'Thus,': [1138], 'occupy': [1142], 'special': [1144], 'place': [1145], 'future,': [1147], 'multidisciplinary': [1149], 'management.Nowadays': [1152], 'powering': [1155], 'continues': [1158], 'evolve': [1160], 'improve,': [1162], 'well': [1164, 1226], 'refining': [1166], 'Patient': [1167], 'Selection': [1168], 'integration': [1171], 'scale,': [1175], 'multicenter,': [1176], 'controlled': [1178], 'currently': [1180], 'ongoing,': [1181], 'we': [1185], 'see': [1187], 'much': [1188], 'robust': [1190], 'applicable': [1192], 'analyses': [1194], 'would': [1196], 'diminished': [1199], 'if': [1200], 'absent': [1202], 'coming': [1207], 'These': [1209], 'differentiate': [1217], 'novel': [1220], 'high-frequency': [1221], 'burst': [1223], 'encompassing': [1230], 'alternative': [1236], 'treatments.ReferencesJesse': [1237], 'J.': [1238], 'McClure,': [1239], 'PharmD,': [1240], 'Bhargav': [1241], 'D.': [1242], 'Desai,': [1243], 'Leonel': [1244], 'Ampie,': [1245], 'Wen': [1246], 'You,': [1247], 'Justin': [1248], 'S.': [1249, 1524, 1558, 1600], 'Smith,': [1250], 'Avery': [1252], 'L.': [1253, 1564], 'Buchholz.': [1254], 'A': [1255, 1344, 1415, 1526, 1646], 'Syndrome.': [1276, 1322, 1557, 1680], 'Global': [1277], 'Spine': [1278], 'Journal': [1279, 1323, 1681], '2021;11(1S):66S-72S.Krishna': [1280], 'Kumar,': [1281], 'Syed': [1282], 'Rizvi.': [1283], 'Cost-effectiveness': [1284, 1308, 1664], 'pain.': [1294], 'Med': [1296], '2013': [1297, 1301], 'Nov;14(11):1631–49.': [1298], 'doi:10.1111/pme.12146.': [1299], 'Epub': [1300], 'May': [1302], '24.Elena': [1303], 'Rojo,': [1304, 1639], 'al.': [1306], 'Real-world': [1307], 'Analysis': [1309, 1489], 'Therapy': [1314, 1672], 'Research': [1326, 1684], '2021;14.Siwaporn': [1327], 'Niyomsri,': [1328], 'Rui': [1329, 1511], 'V': [1330], 'Duarte,': [1331, 1510], 'Sam': [1332], 'Eldabe,': [1333, 1513], 'Gregory': [1334], 'Fiore,': [1335, 1515], 'Brian': [1336, 1518], 'H': [1337], 'Kopell,': [1338, 1517], 'Ewan': [1339], 'McNicol,': [1340, 1520], 'Rod': [1341, 1523], 'S': [1342], 'Taylor.': [1343], 'Economic': [1348, 1530], 'Evaluations': [1349, 1531], 'Reporting': [1350, 1532], 'Cost-Effectiveness': [1352, 1486, 1534], 'Stimulation.': [1356, 1538], 'VALUE': [1357], 'HEALTH.': [1358], '2020;23(5):656–665.Jay': [1359], 'Grider,': [1360], 'Laxmaiah': [1361], 'Manchikanti,': [1362], 'Alexios': [1363], 'Carayannopoulos,': [1364], 'Manohar': [1365], 'Lal': [1366], 'Sharma,': [1367], 'Carl': [1368], 'C': [1369], 'Balog,': [1370], 'Michael': [1371], 'E': [1372], 'Harned,': [1373], 'Vahid': [1374], 'Grami,': [1375], 'Rafael': [1376], 'Justiz,': [1377], 'Kent': [1378], 'Nouri,': [1379], 'Salim': [1380], 'M': [1381], 'Hayek,': [1382], 'Ricardo': [1383], 'Vallejo,': [1384], 'Paul': [1385], 'J': [1386, 1611], 'Christo.': [1387], 'Effectiveness': [1388], 'pain:': [1396], 'systematic': [1398], 'review.': [1399], 'Physician': [1401], '2016;19:E33-E54.': [1402], 'ISSN': [1403], '2150–1149.Vinayak': [1404], 'Aryal,': [1405], 'Sujan': [1406], 'Poudel,': [1407], 'Fizza': [1408], 'Zulfiqar,': [1409], 'Thakur': [1410], 'Shrestha,': [1411], 'Annie': [1412], 'Singh,': [1413], 'Shahtaj': [1414], 'Shah,': [1416], 'Umar': [1417], 'Soomro,': [1418], 'Jinal': [1419], 'Choudhari,': [1420], 'Jonathan': [1421], 'Quinonez,': [1422], 'Samir': [1423], 'Ruxmohan,': [1424], 'Amean': [1425], 'Amra,': [1426], 'Trevine': [1427], 'Albert,': [1428], 'Jesse': [1429], 'Kemmerlin,': [1430], 'Joel': [1431], 'Stein': [1432], 'Updates': [1434], 'Role': [1437], 'Management': [1444, 1675], 'Non-Surgical': [1446], 'Chronic': [1447], 'Lower': [1448], 'Pain.': [1450, 1612], 'Cureus': [1451], '13(10):': [1452], 'e18928.': [1453], 'DOI': [1454], '10.7759/cureus.18928.Furio': [1455], 'Zucco,': [1456], 'Roberta': [1457], 'Ciampichini,': [1458], 'Angelo': [1459], 'Lavano,': [1460], 'Amedeo': [1461], 'Costantini,': [1462], 'Marisa': [1463], 'De': [1464, 1473], 'Rose,': [1465], 'Paolo': [1466], 'Poli,': [1467], 'Gianpaolo': [1468], 'Fortini,': [1469], 'Laura': [1470], 'Demartini,': [1471], 'Enrico': [1472], 'Simone,': [1474], 'Valentino': [1475], 'Menardo,': [1476], 'Piero': [1477], 'Cisotto,': [1478], 'Mario': [1479], 'Meglio,': [1480], 'Luciana': [1481], 'Scalone,': [1482], 'Lorenzo': [1483], 'G.': [1484], 'Mantovani.': [1485], 'With': [1496], 'Syndrome:': [1500], 'Results': [1501], 'From': [1502], 'PRECISE': [1504], 'Study.': [1505], 'Neuromodulation': [1506], '2015;18:266–276': [1507], '.Niyomsri,': [1508], 'Siwaporn;': [1509], 'V.;': [1512], 'Sam;': [1514], 'Gregory;': [1516], 'H.;': [1519], 'Ewan;': [1521], 'Taylor,': [1522], '(2020).': [1525], 'Value': [1539], 'Health,': [1541], '23(5):656–665.': [1542], 'doi:10.1016/j.jval.2020.02.005': [1543], '.Long-term': [1544], 'Cost': [1545], 'Utility': [1546], 'Harrison': [1559], 'Farber,': [1560], 'B.S.': [1561], ',': [1562, 1567, 1572, 1576, 1580, 1586], 'Jing': [1563], 'Han,': [1565], 'B.A.': [1566], 'Aladine': [1568], 'A.': [1569], 'Elsamadicy,': [1570], 'B.E.': [1571], 'Qasim': [1573], 'Hussaini,': [1574], 'M.S.': [1575, 1579], 'Siyun': [1577], 'Yang,': [1578], 'Promila': [1581], 'Pagadala,,': [1582], 'Beth': [1583], 'Parente,': [1584], 'PA-C': [1585], 'Jichun': [1587], 'Xie,': [1588], 'PhD,': [1589], 'Shivanand': [1590], 'P.': [1591], 'Lad,': [1592], 'Physician.': [1594], '2017': [1595], 'September': [1596], ';': [1597], '20(6):': [1598], 'E797–E805.Thomson': [1599], '–': [1605], 'definition,': [1606], 'epidemiology': [1607], 'demographics.': [1609], 'Br': [1610], '2013;7(1):56–59.': [1613], 'doi:10.1177/20494': [1614], '63713479096Mekhail': [1615], 'N,': [1616], 'Visnjevac': [1617], 'O,': [1618], 'Azer': [1619], 'G,': [1620], 'Mehanny': [1621], 'DS,': [1622], 'Agrawal': [1623], 'P,': [1624], 'Foorsov': [1625], 'V.': [1626], '50': [1630], 'later.': [1632], 'Reg': [1633], 'Anesth': [1634], 'Med.': [1636], '2018;43(4):391–406.': [1637], 'doi:10.1097/AAP.0000000000000744Elena': [1638], 'Concepcion': [1640], 'Perez': [1641], 'HernandezHernández,': [1642], 'Noelia': [1643], 'Sánchez': [1644], 'Martínez,': [1645, 1654], 'César': [1647], 'Margarit,': [1648], 'Tania': [1649], 'Blanco': [1650], 'Arias,': [1651], 'Manuel': [1652], 'Muñoz': [1653], 'Carlo': [1655], 'Crespo,': [1656], 'Dolores': [1657], 'Ochoa': [1658], 'Mazarro.': [1659], 'Carlos': [1660], 'Crespo.': [1661], 'Real': [1662], 'world': [1663], 'Conventional': [1671], '2021:14:3025–3032.': [1685]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4290998277', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-13T13:58:25.880037', 'created_date': '2022-08-13'}