Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W4289529884', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.21315/aamjaf2022.18.1.1', 'title': 'Economics of risk-taking, risk-based capital and profitability: Empirical evidence of Islamic banks', 'display_name': 'Economics of risk-taking, risk-based capital and profitability: Empirical evidence of Islamic banks', 'publication_year': 2022, 'publication_date': '2022-07-29', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W4289529884', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.21315/aamjaf2022.18.1.1'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.21315/aamjaf2022.18.1.1', 'pdf_url': 'https://ejournal.usm.my/aamjaf/article/download/aamjaf_vol18-no1-2022_1/pdf/930', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764704972', 'display_name': 'Asian Academy of Management Journal of Accounting and Finance', 'issn_l': '1823-4992', 'issn': ['1823-4992', '2180-4192'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310321805', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Science Malaysia', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310321805'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Science Malaysia'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'diamond', 'oa_url': 'https://ejournal.usm.my/aamjaf/article/download/aamjaf_vol18-no1-2022_1/pdf/930', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5014306856', 'display_name': 'Faisal Abbas', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6109-6777'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I899713450', 'display_name': 'Air University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03yfe9v83', 'country_code': 'PK', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I899713450']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I192392021', 'display_name': 'University of Central Punjab', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04g0mqe67', 'country_code': 'PK', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I192392021']}], 'countries': ['PK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Faisal Abbas', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['School of Management, Air University, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan', 'University of Central Punjab Lahore, Pakistan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Management, Air University, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I899713450']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'University of Central Punjab Lahore, Pakistan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I192392021']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5082673944', 'display_name': 'Shoaib Ali', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5954-9987'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I899713450', 'display_name': 'Air University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03yfe9v83', 'country_code': 'PK', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I899713450']}], 'countries': ['PK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Shoaib Ali', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['School of Management, Air University, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Management, Air University, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I899713450']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5087544432', 'display_name': 'Imran Yousaf', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1968-293X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802902501', 'display_name': 'Namal College', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00zcxra43', 'country_code': 'PK', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2802902501']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I899713450', 'display_name': 'Air University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03yfe9v83', 'country_code': 'PK', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I899713450']}], 'countries': ['PK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Imran Yousaf', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Business Studies, Namal University, Mianwali, Pakistan', 'School of Management, Air University, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Business Studies, Namal University, Mianwali, Pakistan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2802902501']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Management, Air University, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I899713450']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5045661677', 'display_name': 'Wing‐Keung Wong', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6755-572X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I47605537', 'display_name': 'The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04fa64g55', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I47605537']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I889458895', 'display_name': 'University of Hong Kong', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02zhqgq86', 'country_code': 'HK', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I889458895']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210126829', 'display_name': 'China Medical University Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0368s4g32', 'country_code': 'TW', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210126829']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I184693016', 'display_name': 'China Medical University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00v408z34', 'country_code': 'TW', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I184693016']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I143578492', 'display_name': 'Asia University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/038a1tp19', 'country_code': 'TW', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I143578492']}], 'countries': ['CN', 'HK', 'TW'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Wing-Keung Wong', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Economics and Finance, The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong', 'Department of Finance, Fintech and Blockchain Research Centre, and Big Data Research Centre, Asia University, Taiwan', 'Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Economics and Finance, The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I47605537', 'https://openalex.org/I889458895']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210126829', 'https://openalex.org/I184693016']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Finance, Fintech and Blockchain Research Centre, and Big Data Research Centre, Asia University, Taiwan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I143578492']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 4, 'institutions_distinct_count': 8, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5045661677'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I47605537', 'https://openalex.org/I889458895', 'https://openalex.org/I4210126829', 'https://openalex.org/I184693016', 'https://openalex.org/I143578492'], 'apc_list': {'value': 0, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 0, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 3.403, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 9, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999935, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 90, 'max': 91}, 'biblio': {'volume': '18', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '1', 'last_page': '31'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11365', 'display_name': 'Islamic Finance and Banking Studies', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1402', 'display_name': 'Accounting'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/14', 'display_name': 'Business, Management and Accounting'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11365', 'display_name': 'Islamic Finance and Banking Studies', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1402', 'display_name': 'Accounting'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/14', 'display_name': 'Business, Management and Accounting'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10127', 'display_name': 'Banking stability, regulation, efficiency', 'score': 0.9986, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2003', 'display_name': 'Finance'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10987', 'display_name': 'Microfinance and Financial Inclusion', 'score': 0.9866, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/capital', 'display_name': 'Capital (architecture)', 'score': 0.48514184}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/moral-hazard', 'display_name': 'Moral hazard', 'score': 0.4711111}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C129361004', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2470236', 'display_name': 'Profitability index', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7115611}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C107584723', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1460626', 'display_name': 'Risk-adjusted return on capital', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.6634332}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C16969640', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070805', 'display_name': 'Capital adequacy ratio', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5780537}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C57495647', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295385', 'display_name': 'Economic capital', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5453065}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C83646750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193893', 'display_name': 'Capital (architecture)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.48514184}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780202544', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44454', 'display_name': 'Moral hazard', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4711111}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144133560', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453', 'display_name': 'Business', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.45530432}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.41769546}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162118730', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453', 'display_name': 'Actuarial science', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3646324}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C10138342', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015', 'display_name': 'Finance', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3297}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C181622380', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26911', 'display_name': 'Profit (economics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.3252195}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C44750222', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897397', 'display_name': 'Financial capital', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.24102154}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C58202505', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5035700', 'display_name': 'Capital formation', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.21776545}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C175444787', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072', 'display_name': 'Microeconomics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.16800863}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C29122968', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816', 'display_name': 'Incentive', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.135773}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C166957645', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498', 'display_name': 'Archaeology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95457728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309', 'display_name': 'History', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.21315/aamjaf2022.18.1.1', 'pdf_url': 'https://ejournal.usm.my/aamjaf/article/download/aamjaf_vol18-no1-2022_1/pdf/930', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764704972', 'display_name': 'Asian Academy of Management Journal of Accounting and Finance', 'issn_l': '1823-4992', 'issn': ['1823-4992', '2180-4192'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310321805', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Science Malaysia', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310321805'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Science Malaysia'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.21315/aamjaf2022.18.1.1', 'pdf_url': 'https://ejournal.usm.my/aamjaf/article/download/aamjaf_vol18-no1-2022_1/pdf/930', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764704972', 'display_name': 'Asian Academy of Management Journal of Accounting and Finance', 'issn_l': '1823-4992', 'issn': ['1823-4992', '2180-4192'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310321805', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Science Malaysia', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310321805'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Science Malaysia'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 94, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1553851973', 'https://openalex.org/W1572014971', 'https://openalex.org/W1604831873', 'https://openalex.org/W1965932263', 'https://openalex.org/W1978175480', 'https://openalex.org/W1979106991', 'https://openalex.org/W2016929500', 'https://openalex.org/W2018009402', 'https://openalex.org/W2024173182', 'https://openalex.org/W2024213230', 'https://openalex.org/W2033574677', 'https://openalex.org/W2038556717', 'https://openalex.org/W2046891351', 'https://openalex.org/W2047998220', 'https://openalex.org/W2070165431', 'https://openalex.org/W2073936821', 'https://openalex.org/W2075887334', 'https://openalex.org/W2098677306', 'https://openalex.org/W2100061786', 'https://openalex.org/W2105554859', 'https://openalex.org/W2123186527', 'https://openalex.org/W2127152800', 'https://openalex.org/W2129932641', 'https://openalex.org/W2142372065', 'https://openalex.org/W2144921135', 'https://openalex.org/W2153423468', 'https://openalex.org/W2154537929', 'https://openalex.org/W2167170459', 'https://openalex.org/W2171220315', 'https://openalex.org/W2184363538', 'https://openalex.org/W2186486879', 'https://openalex.org/W2187351153', 'https://openalex.org/W2268491100', 'https://openalex.org/W2284422422', 'https://openalex.org/W2290948080', 'https://openalex.org/W2297573354', 'https://openalex.org/W2304743375', 'https://openalex.org/W2345675301', 'https://openalex.org/W2407550348', 'https://openalex.org/W2462111813', 'https://openalex.org/W2485454426', 'https://openalex.org/W2492846412', 'https://openalex.org/W2523241688', 'https://openalex.org/W2565209262', 'https://openalex.org/W2577137806', 'https://openalex.org/W2592868581', 'https://openalex.org/W2598781946', 'https://openalex.org/W2604277287', 'https://openalex.org/W273172253', 'https://openalex.org/W2736261388', 'https://openalex.org/W2750948259', 'https://openalex.org/W2752617332', 'https://openalex.org/W2774163887', 'https://openalex.org/W2788897267', 'https://openalex.org/W2884829235', 'https://openalex.org/W2896149035', 'https://openalex.org/W2914218126', 'https://openalex.org/W2920947614', 'https://openalex.org/W2921469062', 'https://openalex.org/W2941852396', 'https://openalex.org/W2983234005', 'https://openalex.org/W2988093322', 'https://openalex.org/W3000244478', 'https://openalex.org/W3004836590', 'https://openalex.org/W3005981224', 'https://openalex.org/W3007698146', 'https://openalex.org/W3015628393', 'https://openalex.org/W3016021221', 'https://openalex.org/W3022559149', 'https://openalex.org/W3034966996', 'https://openalex.org/W3035032935', 'https://openalex.org/W3097644883', 'https://openalex.org/W3115648660', 'https://openalex.org/W3121337404', 'https://openalex.org/W3122006740', 'https://openalex.org/W3123092007', 'https://openalex.org/W3123143573', 'https://openalex.org/W3123702155', 'https://openalex.org/W3135014008', 'https://openalex.org/W3136378589', 'https://openalex.org/W3136953697', 'https://openalex.org/W3165934129', 'https://openalex.org/W3170839974', 'https://openalex.org/W3175168524', 'https://openalex.org/W3181698683', 'https://openalex.org/W3185738331', 'https://openalex.org/W3186298769', 'https://openalex.org/W3195298617', 'https://openalex.org/W4206512444', 'https://openalex.org/W4223581904', 'https://openalex.org/W4241782546', 'https://openalex.org/W4243296160', 'https://openalex.org/W4252969777', 'https://openalex.org/W4253528303'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4238252098', 'https://openalex.org/W2978470526', 'https://openalex.org/W2759156068', 'https://openalex.org/W2560688087', 'https://openalex.org/W2514798086', 'https://openalex.org/W2386744287', 'https://openalex.org/W2231136559', 'https://openalex.org/W2068215934', 'https://openalex.org/W2025267090', 'https://openalex.org/W1973265462'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'This': [0, 13, 124], 'study': [1, 14], 'aims': [2], 'to': [3, 35, 112, 119, 142, 146, 202, 238], 'explore': [4], 'the': [5, 22, 40, 51, 65, 72, 131, 167, 187], 'interrelationship': [6, 188], 'between': [7, 42, 75, 158, 189], 'risk-based': [8, 43, 76], 'capital,': [9, 191], 'risktaking,': [10], 'and': [11, 45, 50, 61, 78, 96, 107, 117, 160, 182, 192, 194, 212, 233], 'profitability.': [12, 150], 'employs': [15], 'two-stage': [16], 'least': [17], 'square': [18], '(2SLS)': [19], 'methods': [20], 'on': [21, 219], 'annual': [23], 'data': [24], 'of': [25, 67, 101, 105], '217': [26], 'Islamic': [27, 79, 87], 'banks': [28, 88], 'from': [29, 33], '35': [30], 'countries': [31], 'ranging': [32], '2010': [34], '2019.': [36], 'We': [37], 'find': [38, 71], 'that': [39, 84, 135, 210], 'relationship': [41, 74, 125, 157], 'capital': [44, 77, 221, 234, 240], 'risk-taking': [46, 81, 159], 'behaviour': [47], 'is': [48, 126, 163], 'negative,': [49], 'results': [52, 152], 'are': [53], 'heterogeneous': [54], 'across': [55], 'different': [56], 'regions': [57], 'concerning': [58], 'both': [59, 231], 'signs': [60], 'significance.': [62], 'Consistent': [63], 'with': [64, 130, 148, 166], 'theory': [66, 169], 'moral': [68], 'hazard,': [69], 'we': [70], 'negative': [73], 'banks’': [80, 224, 247], 'behaviour,': [82], 'implying': [83], 'managers': [85, 137, 184, 214], 'in': [86, 93, 128, 164, 170, 174, 185, 236], 'could': [89, 138, 198, 245], 'increase': [90, 246], 'their': [91], 'investment': [92], 'risky': [94], 'assets': [95], 'keep': [97], 'only': [98, 217], 'smaller': [99], 'amounts': [100], 'capital.': [102], 'The': [103, 151, 172], 'concept': [104], 'profit': [106], 'loss': [108], 'sharing': [109], 'motivates': [110], 'them': [111], 'take': [113, 139], 'a': [114, 121, 155], 'higher': [115, 122, 144, 149], 'risk': [116, 141], 'aim': [118], 'get': [120, 143], 'yield.': [123], 'also': [127, 153, 228], 'line': [129, 165], 'agency': [132], 'theory,': [133], 'inferring': [134], 'bank': [136, 183, 204, 213, 220, 239], 'excessive': [140], 'compensation': [145], 'align': [147], 'reveal': [154], 'positive': [156], 'profitability,': [161], 'which': [162], 'portfolio': [168], 'finance.': [171], 'findings': [173, 208], 'our': [175, 207], 'paper': [176], 'would': [177], 'be': [178, 199], 'useful': [179], 'for': [180, 222], 'decision-makers': [181], 'understanding': [186], 'risk,': [190], 'profitability': [193, 232], 'no': [195], 'factor': [196], 'alone': [197], 'good': [200], 'enough': [201], 'ensure': [203], 'soundness.': [205], 'Furthermore,': [206], 'imply': [209], 'regulators': [211], 'should': [215, 227], 'not': [216], 'focus': [218], 'increasing': [223], 'stability.': [225], 'They': [226], 'look': [229], 'into': [230], 'ratios': [235], 'addition': [237], 'because': [241], 'all': [242], 'three': [243], 'factors': [244], 'stability': [248], 'simultaneously.': [249]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4289529884', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-16T03:10:26.509077', 'created_date': '2022-08-03'}