Title: Tratamento do lodo de esgoto por compostagem: uso agrícola do composto e a redução da emissão de gases de efeito estufa
Abstract: The amount of anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions represents an important aspect to be considered in the scope of the evaluation in the selection of the most adequate and sustainable technology for the treatment of sewage sludge.The disposal of sludge in sanitary landfills is the main way of generating methane (CH4, an important GHG), due to the degradation of organic matter in an anaerobic environment.Considering the pressing need to mitigate climate change (and its most prominent precursor phenomenon, global warming, the best GHG abatement scenarios have been those related to aerobic treatment, such as composting and anaerobic treatment when methane recovery Composting as an alternative to sewage sludge treatment has gained space as it is a low-cost technology with the potential to result in a stabilized compost for use in agriculture.In addition, composting has the potential to mitigate global warming, either by treatment or when the compost is applied to the soil.In this sense, this study aimed to quantify the mitigation of GHG emissions associated with the transformation of sludge from a sewage treatment plant into organic compost. of reports, the agronomic potential of the organic compost.by the characterization of 4 samples of the compost produced in the year 2020.To estimate the methane emissions from the decomposition of sewage sludge from the Jundiaí Sewage Treatment Station (ETEJ) in sanitary landfills, the methodology, published in 2006, was used, by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), and based on the quantification of First Order Decay.The estimation of methane and nitrous oxide emissions associated with the composting process was based on the equations for biological treatments inherent to the aforementioned IPCC methodology.The compost produced showed a high degree of stabilization and maturation and can be applied in crops such as soybeans, coffee, sugar cane and tomato.The values of the concentrations of inorganic and pathogenic contaminants in the sewage sludge compost were within the limits established by Normative Instruction 07/2016, and with CONAMA Resolution 498/2020.Calculations indicate that composting avoided the emission of 25,792,909 tons of CO2e into the atmosphere, which means a reduction of 45,5% in relation to CO2e emissions that would be generated if the sewage sludge was sent to the sanitary landfill.in the period from 2015 to 2020.